After the publication of Hart's Concept of Law, Dworkin published his article “The Model of Rules,” dividing positivism into two varieties: inclusive and exclusive. Many theorists involved in this debate have characterized Hart's position as inclusivist, which we reject in this article. We argue that Hart, in the postscript to The Concept of Law, conceded a point to Dworkin in accepting that inclusive positivism would imply the existence of objective moral standing, adopting a more “neutral” position—compatible with inclusive and exclusive (...) positivism—and consequently distancing himself from the incorporation thesis, which is paramount to inclusive positivism. (shrink)

Fundado na obra de José Roberto Dromi, que estabelece as características do “constitucionalismo do futuro”, o presente trabalho busca delinear as características do novo constitucionalismo latino americano e traçar um paralelo entre os dois. Para tanto, através de uma abordagem dedutiva, será realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo comparado das constituições latinas. Os pensamentos anticolonialistas são fundamentos desse novo modo de pensar o constitucionalismo, que devolve o poder ao povo, sustentando um Estado plurinacional, promovendo uma verdadeira refundação estatal. Esse modelo, (...) que parte da prática para a teoria, ainda está sendo formatado, mas apresenta avanços inegáveis em relação ao constitucionalismo. (shrink)

Les Remarques philosophiques sont la première tentative de mettre en oeuvre le programme qui découle de l’échec du projet du Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Le noyau de ce programme est donné par l’abandon de l’analyse des nombres avancée dans le Tractatus. Wittgenstein se rend compte que les nombres doivent se trouver à la base même du langage, dans la structure des propositions élémentaires. En même temps, il se rend compte qu’il est impossible de fournir la logique sousjacente au langage avant d’avoir procédé (...) à l’analyse. Le projet d’une investigation logique des phénomènes s’imposait, donc, même après l’abandon de l’idée d’un langage phénoménologique. The Philosophical Remarks is a first attempt at pursuing the philosophical agenda determined by the failure of the Tractarian project. The central point of this agenda is the abandonment of the analysis of number that had been given in the Tractatus. Wittgenstein realizes that numbers should be brought back to the basis of language, as part of the structure of the elementary propositions themselves. At the same time, he realizes that it is impossible to give the logic underlying our language before the process of logical analysis is carried out. He undertakes the project of a logical investigation of phenomena even after giving up the idea of a phenomenological language. (shrink)

After the works of Jaako Hintikka, David Stern and, more recently, Denis Perrin, the idea that there is a wittgensteinian reflection upon the time and that it is at the origin of the abandonment of the project of a phenomenological language is nothing surprising, but we cannot consider it established yet. It seems to me that an important element in this debate is in chapter VII of the Philosophical Remarks : indeed, we find there the very first sustained discussion on (...) the possibility of a phenomenological language —a discussion obviously centred on the question of time. Without aiming to propose an “alternative” reading of Wittgenstein’ reflections on time and the phenomenological language, I would like to bring to light the importance of this chapter for this problem and also try to show that the interpretation key must be looked for in a reductio ad absurdum whose base is the impossibility to measure time. (shrink)

Les Remarques philosophiques sont la première tentative de mettre en oeuvre le programme qui découle de l’échec du projet du Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Le noyau de ce programme est donné par l’abandon de l’analyse des nombres avancée dans le Tractatus. Wittgenstein se rend compte que les nombres doivent se trouver à la base même du langage, dans la structure des propositions élémentaires. En même temps, il se rend compte qu’il est impossible de fournir la logique sousjacente au langage avant d’avoir procédé (...) à l’analyse. Le projet d’une investigation logique des phénomènes s’imposait, donc, même après l’abandon de l’idée d’un langage phénoménologique. The Philosophical Remarks is a first attempt at pursuing the philosophical agenda determined by the failure of the Tractarian project. The central point of this agenda is the abandonment of the analysis of number that had been given in the Tractatus. Wittgenstein realizes that numbers should be brought back to the basis of language, as part of the structure of the elementary propositions themselves. At the same time, he realizes that it is impossible to give the logic underlying our language before the process of logical analysis is carried out. He undertakes the project of a logical investigation of phenomena even after giving up the idea of a phenomenological language. (shrink)

Resumo: Este artigo possui o propósito de colocar à prova a interpretação heideggeriana acerca das noções nietzschianas de vontade de potência e eterno retorno do mesmo. Para levar a cabo o referido objetivo, de início, apresentaremos o argumento desenvolvido por Heidegger nas suas preleções e textos sobre Nietzsche, editadas e publicadas em dois volumes, no ano de 1961. Num segundo momento, examinaremos, em Nietzsche: sua filosofia dos antagonismos e os antagonismos de sua filosofia, a resposta que Müller-Lauter ofereceu à crítica (...) de Heidegger. Por ocasião deste exame, tentaremos salientar que haveria certa insuficiência na réplica deste comentador. Por fim, iremos recorrer aos textos do próprio Nietzsche para tentar promover uma confrontação com a interpretação do Filósofo da Floresta Negra.: This article has the purpose to challenge the Heideggerian interpretation of Nietzsche’s notions of will to power and eternal recurrence. To carry out this objective, we will first present the argument developed by Heidegger in his lectures and texts on Nietzsche, edited and published in two volumes, in 1961. In a second moment, we will examine, in Nietzsche: his philosophy of antagonisms and the antagonisms of his philosophy, the answer that Müller-Lauter offered to Heidegger’s criticism. On the occasion of this examination, we will try to point out that there would be a certain insufficiency in this commenter’s reply. Finally, we will resort to Nietzsche’s own texts to try to promote a confrontation with the Black Forest Philosopher’s interpretation. (shrink)

O objetivo deste artigo é contextualizar, sinteticamente, o liberalismo da Teoria da justiça de John Rawls dentro da tradição, a partir de alguns de seus elementos essenciais, tais como as idéias de contrato, de liberdade, de igualdade e de racionalidade, e identificá-lo a uma forma própria e metódica de se pensar a política como sabedoria. PALAVRAS-CHAVE – Liberalismo. Teoria da justiça. John Rawls. ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to summarily contextualize the liberalism of Rawls’s A Theory of Justice, (...) within the political tradition and its essential elements, such as the ideas of contract, liberty, equality, and rationality, so as to identify its proper form and method to think politics as wisdom. KEY WORDS – Liberalism. Theory of justice. John Rawls. (shrink)

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a interpretação realizada por Nietzsche ao poema de Parmênides, Da Natureza. Para levar a cabo essa tarefa, efetuaremos, num primeiro momento, um exame do poema em questão. Esse trabalho inicial fornecerá subsídios para, num segundo momento, voltarmos nossos esforços diretamente à interpretação nietzschiana do texto do pré-socrático. Nesta segunda etapa do artigo, iremos nos debruçar sobre os trabalhos A Filosofia na Idade Trágica dos Gregos e Os filósofos pré-platônicos. A intenção inicial do segundo momento (...) de nossa empreitada é esclarecer a hipótese de Nietzsche acerca da gênese do poema e do desenvolvimento lógico do argumento nele contido. Feito isso, também tentaremos retraçar a argumentação do filósofo alemão no que diz respeito à critica que ele realiza ao pensador de Eleia. Por fim, tentaremos mostrar que as questões levantadas por Nietzsche nesses textos irão reverberar nas fases posteriores de sua filosofia. (shrink)

Tradicionalmente, ‘fatalismo’ é compreendido como uma doutrina que ensina a rigidez de um fado que anula o poder das ações humanas. Essa acepção de fatalismo não é, contudo, corroborada por Nietzsche. O autor, entretanto, não abandona o termo e passa a compreendê-lo num sentido subvertido. Levando isso em conta, os objetivos de nosso trabalho consistem em: 1) examinar de que forma Nietzsche compreende o termo ‘fatalismo’ em alguns momentos de sua obra; 2) tentar mostrar que as acepções de fatalismo nesses (...) momentos possuem correspondência conceitual; 3) tentar entender a noção de fatalismo à luz da cosmologia nietzschiana. Palavras-chaveFatalismo; Tempo; Eterno retorno do mesmo; Cosmologia; Transvaloração. (shrink)

This article aims is to promote debate for scientific thinking about the role of political ecology in the decoloniality of knowledge and power in the Amazon region. The work is divided into two parts: the first part discusses the expansion of modernity to the South and the construction of modern coloniality; in the second, we bring the experience of the babassu coconut breakers, in view of the construction of a “nature-world”, the result of the colonization and globalization processes. The current (...) moment expresses an intensification of conflicts involving different ways of representing and using the nature of these communities. The methodology uses the concepts of political ecology, pluriverse, well-being and decoloniality as bases for the idea of a nature in Amazonian communities that constitutes a conflict with the “nature-world”, which is based on the logic of the resource as the material substrate of a market economy. (shrink)

This article adapts the ethnographic medium of the diary to develop a method for studying data and related data practices. The article focuses on the creation of one data diary, developed iteratively over three years in the context of a national centre for monitoring disasters and natural hazards in Brazil. We describe four points of focus involved in the creation of a data diary – spaces, interfaces, types and situations – before reflecting on the value of this method. We suggest (...) data diaries are able to capture the informal dimension of data-intensive organisations; enable empirical analysis of the specific ways that data intervene in the unfolding of situations; and as a document, data diaries can foster interdisciplinary and inter-expert dialogue by bridging different ways of knowing data. (shrink)

Resumo Para a elaboração de sua crítica da questão teleológica Nietzsche parte de uma leitura particular das filosofias de Kant, Albert Lange e Schopenhauer. Mais especificamente, sua argumentação em torno da concepção teleológica de mundo, que se constitui em um tema de importância significativa para o posterior desenvolvimento de sua concepção de conhecimento, é fundamentada em uma releitura das posições de Kant e Schopenhauer a partir de uma fundamentação científica. Este posicionamento mais próximo da ciência, uma conquista oriunda da leitura (...) de A História do Materialismo, atua como contraponto às opiniões filosóficas com que Nietzsche entra em contato em sua juventude.For the elaboration of his criticism of the teleological question Nietzsche starts from a particular reading of the philosophies of Kant, Albert Lange and Schopenhauer. More specifically, his reasoning around the teleological conception of the world, which constitutes a topic of significant importance for the further development of his knowledge conception, is based on a re-reading of the positions of Kant and Schopenhauer from a scientific basis. This positioning closer to science, an achievement derived from his reading of The History of Materialism, acts as a counterpoint to the philosophical opinions with which Nietzsche comes into contact in his youth. (shrink)

Error-related electroencephalographic signals have been widely studied concerning the human cognitive capability of differentiating between erroneous and correct actions. Midfrontal error-related negativity and theta band oscillations are believed to underlie post-action error monitoring. However, it remains elusive how early monitoring activity is trackable and what are the pre-response brain mechanisms related to performance monitoring. Moreover, it is still unclear how task-specific parameters, such as cognitive demand or motor control, influence these processes. Here, we aimed to test pre- and post-error EEG (...) patterns for different types of motor responses and investigate the neuronal mechanisms leading to erroneous actions. We implemented a go/no-go paradigm based on keypresses and saccades. Participants received an initial instruction about the direction of response to be given based on a facial cue and a subsequent one about the type of action to be performed based on an object cue. The paradigm was tested in 20 healthy volunteers combining EEG and eye tracking. We found significant differences in reaction time, number, and type of errors between the two actions. Saccadic responses reflected a higher number of premature responses and errors compared to the keypress ones. Nevertheless, both led to similar EEG patterns, supporting previous evidence for increased ERN amplitude and midfrontal theta power during error commission. Moreover, we found pre-error decreased theta activity independent of the type of action. Source analysis suggested different origin for such pre- and post-error neuronal patterns, matching the anterior insular cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex, respectively. This opposite pattern supports previous evidence of midfrontal theta not only as a neuronal marker of error commission but also as a predictor of action performance. Midfrontal theta, mostly associated with alert mechanisms triggering behavioral adjustments, also seems to reflect pre-response attentional mechanisms independently of the action to be performed. Our findings also add to the discussion regarding how salience network nodes interact during performance monitoring by suggesting that pre- and post-error patterns have different neuronal sources within this network. (shrink)

Cicero and Wojtyla see the art of oratory as an integral part of the growth of mankind. Cicero considers communication as a fountain of noble action. At the same time, Wojtyla considers the word in its spiritual sense, elevating all human beings towards beauty. Both authors teach us that those who communicate with moral dignity and creativity construct a humanized culture.

Resumo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo tentar elucidar as relações entre a tradição contratualista moderna e a noção nietzschiana de "Estado" que está presente na obra Genealogia da moral. Para realizar essa tarefa, iniciaremos pelo exame do argumento de Nietzsche acerca do aparecimento do "Estado", apresentado nas seções 16 e 17 da segunda dissertação do livro citado. Num segundo momento, trazemos um breve resumo dos argumentos de três contratualistas clássicos, a saber, Hobbes, Rousseau e Locke. Essas duas primeiras partes (...) do nosso trabalho servirão como premissas a partir das quais iremos promover a confrontação entre Nietzsche e os contratualistas. Esse procedimento nos dará oportunidade para apresentarmos uma problemática secundária, qual seja, a questão da "sociedade" das "bestas louras" pensada à luz da noção contratualista de pacto. (shrink)

AimTo evaluate the cognitive functioning of subjects practicing trance mediumship in Brazil.MethodThe study was based on the measurement of cognitive functions of 19 spirits mediums through neuropsychological tests such as the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, the Verbal Fluency Test, the digit span test, the cube test, the five digit test and an evaluation of mental health through scales such as the Beck Depression Inventory, the Self-Report Questionnaire, and the Trauma History Questionnaire. The sample included the participation of spirit mediums divided (...) into two groups. The more experienced group with 11 subjects had more than 10 years of mediumistic practice, while the other less experienced group with 8 subjects had 1–5 years of experience. The inclusion criteria were psychophonic mediums with regular trance practices for at least one year. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package.ResultsRegarding performance on the BCSB and digit span test, all subjects reached scores at the median or higher in comparison to standardized scores of Brazilians. Scores of 90% on the cube test and 42% on the FAS were reached in comparison to median or higher values, versus the median of standardized scores among Brazilians. On the FDT, we found statistical significance in the choice stage, with higher performance of subjects whose initial age of trance recognition occurred before 21 years old. On the BDI scale, no participant met the criteria for major depression. The SRQ showed an incidence of common mental disorders in 21% of the sample, which was more prevalent in the LEG.ConclusionThe cognitive functioning of subjects who practice trance mediumship in Brazil is associated with cognitive health. Executive dysfunction may be a tendency in LEG. However, an incidence of common mental disorders in the LEG was observed. Executive processing was higher in the subgroup with early practices of recognizing the phenomenon. (shrink)

Neste artigo, tensiono a construção da África com base na própria construção do “outro” enquanto um desafio para as ciências sociais e humanas. A partir de uma reflexão sobre o próprio processo de formação da África, muitos termos e nacionalismos foram utilizados para a chegada a um denominador comum acerca daquilo que define o continente africano, bem como também daquilo que se esvai em diferenças de perspectiva, de regiões e de buscas por esta identidade. Assim, escolho como exemplo meu estudo (...) sobre a obra A Geração da Utopia enquanto um processo a partir do qual a dificuldade para a chegada a um entendimento sobre identidade pode revelar um desafio maior: entender como múltiplas identidades foram sendo construídas, em parte como herança de uma visão nacionalista sobre identidade, e de que maneira os escritores africanos, à sua maneira, representam-na dentro de contextos específicos. Palavras-chave: identidade; Angola; Pepetela; mestiçagem; nacionalismo; história. (shrink)

Questioning the reasons that led Augustine to reflect about time, a theme often associated with metaphysics and cosmology, in his work Confessions, which main character is autobiographical, we hypothesized that the theme belongs to the unitary project of the work, whose keys of reading would be 1) the purpose of human life and 2) the distinction between God and creatures. When analyzing the Augustinian argument, it is noticed that it is possible to insert the debate in question in the general (...) scope of the narrative of this specific work. It is also noticed that, from this perspective, the psychological approach is not necessarily linked to an understanding of time from a purely subjectivist aspect, since the central concern of the discussion is not with the metaphysical / cosmological aspect, but with the analysis interior. (shrink)

Karel Kosík’s book Dialectics of the Concrete. A Study on Problems of Man and World, elaborated under the impact of the de-Stalinization process, is one of the important attempts to rethink Marxist philosophy; it was an attempt to overcome the theoretical stagnation caused by the Stalinist period. It considers the state of Marxist theory, its relations to the past theoretical tradition, as well as it attempts to develop a critical and creative dialogue with different contemporary theoretical conceptions, then hegemonic. Through (...) his reading of Marx and his A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy project, Kosík searches for ways of discussing different relationships between philosophy and economics in the contemporary world, and, in particular, he analyzes different theoretical or ideological forms of the reified characteristics of the pseudoconcrete world of care, homo oeconomicus and economic factor. (shrink)

Em entrevista a Alexandre Fontana intitulada “Verdade e Poder”, publicada na coletânea organizada por Roberto Machado, Microfísica do Poder, Michel Foucault esclarece que em seus primeiros escritos, História da Loucura (1961) e Nascimento da Clínica (1963), o campo de análise acerca do poder não estava a sua disposição, deixa claro ao leitor que a situação política a qual se achava no momento o incapacitava para tal empreendimento. Segundo Foucault, somente após os acontecimentos revolucionários de 1968 houve fecundidade possível para análises (...) do poder. Em 1970 o filósofo pronuncia sua aula inaugural no Collège de France, texto publicado com título de A Ordem do Discurso. Nota-se neste escrito, pela primeira vez e ainda não completamente elaborada, uma guinada metodológica no pensamento do filósofo que perpassará por textos como Vigiar e Punir (1975), História da Sexualidade – A vontade de saber (1976), Em defesa da Sociedade (1975-1976). O presente artigo, apresentado na XIX Semana de Filosofia da UFG, pretende discorrer sobre o texto Nietzsche, Genealogia e a História (1971), tendo em vista que é neste escrito que o método genealógico que o percorrerá Foucault por toda a década de 70 encontra-se mais maduro. E a partir desta questão de método, será possível alçar luzes para uma análise do poder conforme propõe Michel Foucault. (shrink)

O objetivo deste artigo é contextualizar, sinteticamente, o liberalismo da Teoria da justiça de John Rawls dentro da tradição, a partir de alguns de seus elementos essenciais, tais como as idéias de contrato, de liberdade, de igualdade e de racionalidade, e identificá-lo a uma forma própria e metódica de se pensar a política como sabedoria. PALAVRAS-CHAVE – Liberalismo. Teoria da justiça. John Rawls. ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to summarily contextualize the liberalism of Rawls’s A Theory of Justice, (...) within the political tradition and its essential elements, such as the ideas of contract, liberty, equality, and rationality, so as to identify its proper form and method to think politics as wisdom. KEY WORDS – Liberalism. Theory of justice. John Rawls. (shrink)

Como o adulto não indígena percebe a criança yanomami? O que nos propomos neste artigo é trazer elementos ao debate sobre a temática da criança indígena, desde uma análise comparativa das representações das crianças yanomami por meio de fotografias realizadas pelos religiosos na Missão Catrimani em 1993, onde indicava seu ambiente tradicional de educação familiar e suas diversas interações. Esse registro iconográfico, por meio de uma amostra de fotografias das crianças yanomami, comparadas ao registro autobiográfico de Davi Kopenawa, com suas (...) lembranças de infância, no final de 1950 e início de 1960, permitiu-nos uma abordagem do contexto ambiental em que essas crianças estão inseridas, ao mesmo tempo observar suas interações com os adultos e o ambiente, com ênfase nos aspectos simbólicos, culturais e emocionais. Trata-se de uma metodologia triangular, documental, fotográfica e bibliográfica. Como resultados apontados, observou-se que o contraste de duas narrativas baseadas em suportes diferentes: a narrativa visual, fotográfica, e a narrativa escrita, literária, demonstra a persistência, através da história de contato dos Yanomami, da mitologia oral na identidade cultural dessas pessoas, no final do século XX. (shrink)

O psicanalista húngaro Sándor Ferenczi elaborou uma teoria sobre a transição do princípio do prazer ao princípio de realidade, que permite complementar e aprofundar as hipóteses freudianas sobre esses princípios. De acordo com a sua teoria, esse processo envolve uma série de estágios, ao longo dos quais, gradualmente, a diferenciação entre o eu e o mundo externo é estabelecida e o sentimento de onipotência é abandonado. Freud e Ferenczi, contudo, não focaram a questão da maneira como o desenvolvimento da linguagem (...) verbal acompanha esse processo de transição entre os dois princípios, questão essa abordada pela psicanalista russa Sabina Spielrein. Esta autora complementa as teorias de Freud e Ferenczi, ao abordar o fenômeno em questão a partir de uma perspectiva diferente, ou seja, daquela do desenvolvimento da linguagem. Apesar da originalidade e da importância da contribuição de suas teorias para a compreensão do funcionamento mental, Ferenczi e, sobretudo, Spielrein são autores ainda pouco estudados, que merecem maior atenção e reconhecimento, o que justifica o resgate de suas teorias. Nesse artigo, abordamos algumas das hipóteses dos dois autores que permitem uma melhor compreensão do processo de diferenciação entre o eu e o mundo externo e de transição do princípio de prazer ao princípio de realidade. Nos baseamos na análise do texto de Ferenczi O Desenvolvimento do Sentido de Realidade e seus Estágios, de 1913, e nos textos de Spielrein O surgimento e o desenvolvimento da fala articulada e A origem das palavras infantis papai e mamãe, publicados, respectivamente, em 1920 e 1922. (shrink)

Cicero and Wojtyla see the art of oratory as an integral part of the growth of mankind. Cicero considers communication as a fountain of noble action. At the same time, Wojtyla considers the word in its spiritual sense, elevating all human beings towards beauty. Both authors teach us that those who communicate with moral dignity and creativity construct a humanized culture.

An interview with the professor and philosopher Emmanuel Falque, in the context of his passage through the University of Coimbra, in the context of the Journée Internationale d’études philosophiques, which will take place on 26 May 2022, at the Faculty of Letters, entitled: «L’im‑pensable : Aux confins de la phénoménalité». In this interview, In this interview, our author coming to his entire philosophical project, from its origins to his most recent scientific production. The philosopher tells us about the provenance of (...) his thought through his main philosophical works and his existential interpretation and phenomenological reading of patristic and medieval philosophy as well as his debates with phenomenology and contemporary philosophy, particularly French philosophy. Here the epistemological and metaphysical question between philosophy and theology, literature and aesthetics, psychoanalysis and phenomenology is also addressed; the concept of «corps épandu», the corporeality or the embodiment as the cardinal point of human finitude and its incessant search to think our «humanity in common». Emmanuel Falque also presents us in this interview the genesis and the fundamental idea of Hors phénomène, as the central axis of his global philosophical project, but also as the revelation of a certain «turning point», inflexion or even of «radicalization» of his démarche, as well as its possible consequences to rethink aesthetics, ethics, politics and theology. The French thinker also talks to us here about the future of philosophy and the new horizons of his reflection (the new triptych...), about the authors and figures in the history of thought (philosophers or others) who have influenced and impacted his own philosophical‑existential path. Thus, the work of a thinker-philosopher is always an ex-position of himself to others, permanently thinking the world of life, the embodiment of reason in the folds of history. (shrink)

A reflexão que aqui propomos pretende ser somente uma nota introdutória ao pensamento do filósofo francês Emmanuel Falque, a partir da sua última obra Hors phénomène: Essai aux confins de la phénoménalité. Para tal, partiremos dos pontos fundamentais do seu livro, colocando-o no interior do seu já amplo, vigoroso e maturado projecto filosófico. Assim, esperamos mostrar não só a génese de um pensamento denso e criativo no âmbito da filosofia fenomenológica, e para além-dela, possivelmente, mas também evidenciar alguns horizontes que (...) está obra poderá abrir no âmbito do pensamento contemporâneo. Aventamos aqui a hipótese de que Hors phénomène constitui, de certo modo, um momento charneira ou de inflexão fundamental no percurso filosófico e intelectual do seu autor. Um conceito pensado e forjado a partir da experiência vivida da radical finitude humana, ou melhor, nos confins de toda a fenomenalidade. (shrink)

In this article we will try to elaborate a reflection around aesthetic experience, more specifically a phenomenology of artwork (Soutine/de Kooning), in dialogue with Emmanuel Falque's thought. Even if the French philosopher has not yet dedicated an autonomous work to the aesthetic question, such reflection appears abundantly dispersed and sparse in his various writings. Among others, Francis Bacon and Lucian Freud were Falque's artists of choice, their work most closely reflected his underlying philosophical thesis. The preference for the figurative, that (...) which in us resists phenomenology, the incarnation as such, would thus bring the philosophical concept and the artistic intuition closer together. However, between figurative and non-figurative or abstract thought, is there not another possibility of thinking them together, without necessarily having to give primacy to one or the other or opposing them? The idea of an oblique incarnate thought (figuration-abstraction, resistance-deflagration, word-silence), or of the diagonal/oblique impastoed being (presence in absence, metamorphosed transcendental materiality, indirect ontology), might also be a third way of thinking about the great philosophical questions between realism and idealism, immanence and transcendence, visible and invisible, metaphysics and phenomenology. In this sense, the artistic work of Chaïm Soutine and de Kooning may be the aesthetic expression of incarnate thought, as a way of primordial access to being, to the world and to another, in the joining in act of the figurative and the abstract, as if multiple possibilities or dimensions of being inhabited in the same being (the articulation of the in-itself and the outside of the self, madness and normality, dream and reality...). Not by chance both were the subject of a recent joint exhibition, from which we propose this reflection, in dialogue with Emmanuel Falque's thought on finitude, which his most recent book radicalises. Our thesis, based on these two artists, aims to affirm that art, whether figurative or abstract, starts from an inalienable material dimension, that is to say, a sensitive dimension, the impasted (body) being, to the point that we may say that Hors phénomène maintains in itself this possibility of articulation between presence to the self and the outside of the self, distance and proximity, immanence and transcendence, even if here and there one can glimpse in its philosophical project an ontological preference for the figurative. However, in our view, what brings together Falque’s philosophy and the work of both artists is the fact that they are the expression of an embodied thought, whether through conceptual experience (philosophy) or through perceptual experience (aesthetics). (shrink)

Ce dossier thématique, consacré au passage du philosophe Emmanuel Falque par l’Université de Coimbra, à la Faculté des Lettres, dans le cadre de la Journée Internationale d’études philosophiques, intitulée «L’im‑pensable: Aux confins de la phénoménalité», qui a eu lieu le 26 mai 2022, donne encore une fois la parole au philosophe lui‑même, avec des articles et un entretien inédit, en présentant aussi un ensemble d’articles qui font écho à son projet philosophique.

Este artigo tece considerações sobre antinegritude e a distingue do racismo, expondo a falsa universalidade do Social e do Humano: o racismo ocorre no Social entre os Humanos, enquanto a antinegritude continuamente expulsa os negros e a negritude dessas categorias modernas fundamentais cujas definições derivam da expulsão violenta. Para delinear a discussão, o artigo analisa dois textos paradigmáticos que se esforçam para lidar intransigentemente com a antinegritude, mas através da linguagem do racismo: George Yancey, Who Is White? e "The Combahee (...) River Collective Statement." O artigo conclui sugerindo a necessidade de um salto de invenção fanoniano e uma abrangente abolição. (shrink)