Results for 'Cognitive mechanisms'

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  1. The Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying the Concept of ‫سرعة‬ (Speed) in Arabic.Hicham Lahlou - 2023 - Awej 7 (1):21-32.
    Despite the wide range of studies on how students’ past knowledge influences their understanding of scientific terminology, few studies were conducted to compare non-scientific language with scientific language, or rather everyday language with scientific language, from a cognitive linguistic perspective. The present paper aims to determine the cognitive mechanisms, i.e., image schemas, conceptual metaphor, and conceptual metonymy, which underpin the conceptualisation of the Arabic term سرعة (speed), using a conceptual metaphor theory framework. Thus, the research question guiding (...)
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  2.  9
    Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Recursive Pattern Processing in Human Adults.Abhishek M. Dedhe, Steven T. Piantadosi & Jessica F. Cantlon - 2023 - Cognitive Science 47 (4):e13273.
    The capacity to generate recursive sequences is a marker of rich, algorithmic cognition, and perhaps unique to humans. Yet, the precise processes driving recursive sequence generation remain mysterious. We investigated three potential cognitive mechanisms underlying recursive pattern processing: hierarchical reasoning, ordinal reasoning, and associative chaining. We developed a Bayesian mixture model to quantify the extent to which these three cognitive mechanisms contribute to adult humans’ performance in a sequence generation task. We further tested whether recursive rule (...)
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  3.  9
    Cognitive mechanisms in the era of information: “echo-bubbles” and “echo-chambers”.В. А Бажанов - 2022 - Philosophy Journal 15 (4):152-164.
    The aim of the paper is to analyze the formation and the main traits of new communica­tive spaces in the form of “epistemic echo-bubbles” and “echo-cameras”. Their emer­gence is associated with a transdisciplinary type of scientific revolution. Among the re­sults of this revolution is the Internet and various social networks. Their popularity among different strata of the population makes these networks are not just mass phenom­ena, but effective tools for communication and influence on the views spread in society and shared (...)
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    Cognitive Mechanisms Associated with Children’s Selective Teaching.Kathleen H. Corriveau, Samuel Ronfard & Yixin Kelly Cui - 2018 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 9 (4):831-848.
    Whereas a large body of research has focused on the development of children as learners, relatively little research has focused on the development of children as teachers. Moreover, even less research has focused on the potential cognitive mechanisms associated with high-quality teaching. Here, we review evidence that children’s selective teaching is associated with at least three cognitive skills: the ability to represent mental states, the ability to infer mental states in real-time, as well as executive function skills. (...)
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  5.  22
    Viewing cognitive mechanisms in the context of biology.Linda Hermer-Vazquez - 2002 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25 (6):689-690.
    Cognitive mechanisms are based in organisms’biology, and results from biological studies suggest that there is unlikely to be a single mechanism for reorienting or for combining information across modules or domains. Rather, there are likely to be multiple, partly overlapping systems for accomplishing nearly all cognitive and behavioral goals, as is the case for biological mechanisms more generally.
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  6. The cognitive mechanisms of intolerance.Jennifer C. Wright, Cullen B. McWhite & Piper T. Grandjean - 2014 - In Tania Lombrozo, Joshua Knobe & Shaun Nichols (eds.), Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy, Volume 1. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press UK.
    The new field of experimental philosophy has emerged as the methods of psychological science have been brought to bear on traditional philosophical issues. Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy will be the place to go to see outstanding new work in the field. It will feature papers by philosophers, papers by psychologists, and papers co-authored by people in both disciplines. The series heralds the emergence of a truly interdisciplinary field in which people from different disciplines are working together to address a (...)
     
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  7.  36
    Cognitive mechanisms in numerical processing: Evidence from acquired dyscalculia.Michael McCloskey - 1992 - Cognition 44 (1-2):107-157.
  8. The neural and cognitive mechanisms of knowledge attribution: An EEG study.Adam Michael Bricker - 2020 - Cognition 203 (C):104412.
    Despite the ubiquity of knowledge attribution in human social cognition, its associated neural and cognitive mechanisms are poorly documented. A wealth of converging evidence in cognitive neuroscience has identified independent perspective-taking and inhibitory processes for belief attribution, but the extent to which these processes are shared by knowledge attribution isn't presently understood. Here, we present the findings of an EEG study designed to directly address this shortcoming. These findings suggest that belief attribution is not a component process (...)
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  9.  38
    Cognitive Mechanisms of Ingroup/Outgroup Distinction.Alexander V. Shkurko - 2015 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 45 (2):188-213.
    People use social categories to perceive and interact with the social world. Different categorizations often share similar cognitive, affective and behavioral features. This leads to a hypothesis of the common representational forms of social categorization. Studies in social categorization often use the terms “ingroup” and “outgroup” without clear conceptualization of the terms. I argue that the ingroup/outgroup distinction should be treated as an elementary relational ego-centric form of social categorization based on specific cognitive mechanisms. Such an abstract (...)
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  10.  10
    The Cognitive Mechanics of Economic Development and Institutional Change.Bertin Martens - 2004 - Routledge.
    This book seeks to explain long-term economic development and institutional change in terms of the cognitive features of human learning and communication processes. Martens links individual cognitive processes to macroeconomic growth theories, including economies of scale and scope, and to theories of institutional development based on asymmetric information in production processes and economies of scale in enforcement technology. With considerable flair, Bertin Martens has applied the hot new area of psychological and behavioural economics to notions of growth and (...)
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  11.  31
    Cognitive mechanisms matter - but they do not explain the absence of teaching in chimpanzees.Richard Moore & Claudio Tennie - 2015 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 38:e50.
    Kline's functional categories for the evolution of teaching blur some valuable distinctions. Moreover, her account provides no answer to the question of why direct active teaching seems to be a uniquely human phenomenon.
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  12.  19
    Cognitive mechanisms in violent extremism.Arie W. Kruglanski, Jessica R. Fernandez, Adam R. Factor & Ewa Szumowska - 2019 - Cognition 188 (C):116-123.
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  13.  13
    Cognitive mechanisms linking low trait positive affect to depressive symptoms: A prospective diary study.Kaitlin A. Harding, Melissa R. Hudson & Amy Mezulis - 2014 - Cognition and Emotion 28 (8):1502-1511.
  14.  29
    Cognitive mechanisms of conceptual integration.Joseph Grady - 2001 - Cognitive Linguistics 11 (3-4).
  15.  10
    Cognitive Mechanisms of Monolingual and Bilingual Children in Monoliterate Educational Settings: Evidence From Sentence Repetition.Maria Andreou, Ianthi Maria Tsimpli, Elvira Masoura & Eleni Agathopoulou - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    Sentence repetition tasks have been extensively employed to assess bilingual children’s linguistic and cognitive resources. The present study examined whether monoliterate bilingual children differ from their monolingual peers in SR accuracy and cognitive tasks, and investigated links between vocabulary, updating, verbal and visuospatial working memory and SR performance in the same children. Participants were two groups of 35 children, 8–12 years of age: one group consisted of Albanian-Greek monoliterate bilingual children and the other of Greek monolingual children attending (...)
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  16.  24
    Cognitive mechanisms for acquiring "experience": The dissociation between conscious and nonconscious cognition.P. Lewicki, M. Czyzewska & T. Hill - 1997 - In Jonathan D. Cohen & Jonathan W. Schooler (eds.), Scientific Approaches to Consciousness. Lawrence Erlbaum.
  17. Cognitive mechanisms for revenge and forgiveness.M. E. McCullough, R. Kurzban & B. A. Tabak - forthcoming - Behavioral and Brain Sciences.
     
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  18. Evolved cognitive mechanisms and human behavior.H. Clark Barrett - manuscript
    In Crawford, C. & Krebs, D. (eds.) Foundations of evolutionary psychology: Ideas, issues, applications and findings. (2nd Ed.) Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
     
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  19. Cognitive mechanisms involved in the subjective perception of time. A critical review.Madalina Sucala - 2010 - International Journal on Humanistic Ideology 3 (1):135-140.
     
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  20.  19
    Problem Solving: Cognitive Mechanisms and Formal Models.Zygmunt Pizlo - 2022 - Cambridge University Press.
    Intelligent mental representations of physical, cognitive and social environments allow humans to navigate enormous search spaces, whose sizes vastly exceed the number of neurons in the human brain. This allows us to solve a wide range of problems, such as the Traveling Salesperson Problem, insight problems, as well as mathematics and physics problems. As an area of research, problem solving has steadily grown over time. Researchers in Artificial Intelligence have been formulating theories of problem solving for the last 70 (...)
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  21.  11
    Inferring common cognitive mechanisms from brain blood-flow lateralization data: a new methodology for fTCD analysis.Georg F. Meyer, Amy Spray, Jo E. Fairlie & Natalie T. Uomini - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5:81044.
    Current neuroimaging techniques with high spatial resolution constrain participant motion so that many natural tasks cannot be carried out. The aim of this paper is to show how a time-locked correlation-analysis of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) lateralization data, obtained with functional TransCranial Doppler (fTCD) ultrasound, can be used to infer cerebral activation patterns across tasks. In a first experiment we demonstrate that the proposed analysis method results in data that are comparable with the standard Lateralization Index (LI) for within-task (...)
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  22.  12
    Toward an Atlas of Canonical Cognitive Mechanisms.Angelo Pirrone & Konstantinos Tsetsos - 2023 - Cognitive Science 47 (2):e13243.
    A central goal in Cognitive Science is understanding the mechanisms that underlie cognition. Here, we contend that Cognitive Science, despite intense multidisciplinary efforts, has furnished surprisingly few mechanistic insights. We attribute this slow mechanistic progress to the fact that cognitive scientists insist on performing underdetermined exercises, deriving overparametrized mechanistic theories of complex behaviors and seeking validation of these theories to the elusive notions of optimality and biological plausibility. We propose that mechanistic progress in Cognitive Science (...)
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  23.  7
    Funny? Think About It! Selective effect of cognitive mechanisms of humour on insight problems.Sergei Y. Korovkin, Ekaterina N. Morozova & Olga S. Nikiforova - forthcoming - Cognition and Emotion.
    The present study aims to elucidate whether insight problem solving could be facilitated by the cognitive component of humour. The authors take interest in whether the logical mechanisms of humour can affect how fast insight problems are solved. To that end, the authors conducted two experiments where participants solved insight problems after watching visual humorous stimuli such as videos and slideshows. The first experiment demonstrated the overall impact of facilitation by humour on insight problem solving; however, it did (...)
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    Relating Bayes to cognitive mechanisms.Mitchell Herschbach & William Bechtel - 2011 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34 (4):202-203.
    We support Enlightenment Bayesianism's commitment to grounding Bayesian analysis in empirical details of psychological and neural mechanisms. Recent philosophical accounts of mechanistic science illuminate some of the challenges this approach faces. In particular, mechanistic decomposition of mechanisms into their component parts and operations gives rise to a notion of levels distinct from and more challenging to accommodate than Marr's.
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  25.  52
    The (neuro)cognitive mechanisms behind attention bias modification in anxiety: proposals based on theoretical accounts of attentional bias.Alexandre Heeren, Rudi De Raedt, Ernst H. W. Koster & Pierre Philippot - 2013 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
  26. Alarm calls-Evolutionary and cognitive mechanisms.K. Zuberbühler - 2005 - In Keith Brown (ed.), Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Elsevier. pp. 2--143.
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  27.  23
    Putting social cognitive mechanisms back into cumulative technological culture: Social interactions serve as a mechanism for children's early knowledge acquisition.Amanda S. Haber & Kathleen H. Corriveau - 2020 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 43.
    Osiurak and Reynaud offer a unified cognitive approach to cumulative technological culture, arguing that it begins with non-social cognitive skills that allow humans to learn and develop new technical information. Drawing on research focusing on how children acquire knowledge through interactions others, we argue that social learning is essential for humans to acquire technical information.
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  28.  13
    Laughing brains: On the cognitive mechanisms and reproductive functions of mirth.Patrick Colm Hogan - 2007 - Semiotica 2007 (165):391-408.
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  29. Sensory and cognitive mechanisms in temporal processing elucidated by a model systems approach.Thomas Rammsayer - 2003 - In Hede Helfrich (ed.), Time and Mind II: Information Processing Perspectives. Hogrefe & Huber Publishers. pp. 97--113.
     
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  30.  3
    Extending Cognitive Pragmatics: Social Mechanisms of Mind Transformation.Daniel Żuromski, Anita Pacholik-Żuromska & Adam Fedyniuk - 2022 - Analiza I Egzystencja 58:65-91.
    In this article we propose an extended approach in terms of Cognitive Pragmatics (CP) to the explanation of the development of the higher cognitive processes. Therefore, we explain in terms of CP how linguistic and pre-linguistic social practices shape the mind. CP, as we understand it here presents a broader transdisciplinary position covering developmental psychology, primatology, comparative psychology, cultural psychology, anthropology and philosophy. We present an argumentation for the thesis that CP provides an explanation to the origins and (...)
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  31.  13
    Does Motor Simulation Theory Explain the Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Motor Imagery? A Critical Review.Helen O’Shea & Aidan Moran - 2017 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 11.
  32.  62
    Personal Motives, Moral Disengagement, and Unethical Decisions by Entrepreneurs: Cognitive Mechanisms on the “Slippery Slope”.Robert A. Baron, Hao Zhao & Qing Miao - 2015 - Journal of Business Ethics 128 (1):107-118.
    Entrepreneurs sometimes make unethical decisions that have devastating effects on their companies, stakeholders, and themselves. We suggest that insights into the origins of such actions can be acquired through attention to personal motives and their impact on moral disengagement—a cognitive process that deactivates moral self-regulation, thus enabling individuals to behave in ways inconsistent with their own values. We hypothesize that entrepreneurs’ motivation for financial gains is positively related to moral disengagement, while their motivation for self-realization is negatively related to (...)
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  33.  6
    Collective Memory, A Fusion of cognitive Mechanisms and cultural Processes.Aaron V. Cicourel - 2015 - Revue de Synthèse 136 (3-4):309-328.
    The paper assumes a theoretical-empirical interface exists between top-down (structural concepts) and bottom-up (cognitive mechanisms and socio-cultural interactions) approaches to collective memory. Both deal with collaborative group accounts, material culture such as artefacts and representational re-descriptive technologies. Anthropology has shown how communal life was based on story telling, rituals, artefacts, routine practices constitutive of daily life representational re-descriptions and the reproduction of implicit and explicit emotional normative belief systems embedded in kinship and social network relations.
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  34.  26
    Constitutive relevance in cognitive science: The case of eye movements and cognitive mechanisms.Dingmar van Eck - 2019 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 73:44-53.
  35.  27
    Mechanisms for Robust Cognition.Matthew M. Walsh & Kevin A. Gluck - 2015 - Cognitive Science 39 (6):1131-1171.
    To function well in an unpredictable environment using unreliable components, a system must have a high degree of robustness. Robustness is fundamental to biological systems and is an objective in the design of engineered systems such as airplane engines and buildings. Cognitive systems, like biological and engineered systems, exist within variable environments. This raises the question, how do cognitive systems achieve similarly high degrees of robustness? The aim of this study was to identify a set of mechanisms (...)
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  36.  22
    Reptilian Cognition: A More Complex Picture via Integration of Neurological Mechanisms, Behavioral Constraints, and Evolutionary Context.Timothy C. Roth, Aaron R. Krochmal & Lara D. LaDage - 2019 - Bioessays 41 (8):1900033.
    Unlike birds and mammals, reptiles are commonly thought to possess only the most rudimentary means of interacting with their environments, reflexively responding to sensory information to the near exclusion of higher cognitive function. However, reptilian brains, though structurally somewhat different from those of mammals and birds, use many of the same cellular and molecular processes to support complex behaviors in homologous brain regions. Here, the neurological mechanisms supporting reptilian cognition are reviewed, focusing specifically on spatial cognition and the (...)
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  37.  11
    Facts Tell, Stories Sell? Assessing the Availability Heuristic and Resistance as Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying the Persuasive Effects of Vaccination Narratives.Lisa Vandeberg, Corine S. Meppelink, José Sanders & Marieke L. Fransen - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Online vaccine-critical sentiments are often expressed in appealing personal narratives, whereas vaccine-supporting information is often presented in a non-narrative, expository mode describing scientific facts. In two experiments, we empirically test whether and how these different formats impact the way in which readers process and retrieve information about childhood vaccination, and how this may impact their perceptions regarding vaccination. We assess two psychological mechanisms that are hypothesized to underlie the persuasive nature of vaccination narratives: the availability heuristic and cognitive (...)
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  38.  23
    Reverse engineering the structure of cognitive mechanisms.David Pietraszewski & Annie E. Wertz - 2011 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34 (4):209-210.
    Describing a cognitive system at a mechanistic level requires an engineering task analysis. This involves identifying the task and developing models of possible solutions. Evolutionary psychology and Bayesian modeling make complimentary contributions: Evolutionary psychology suggests the types of tasks that human brains were designed to solve, while Bayesian modeling provides a rigorous description of possible computational solutions to such problems.
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  39.  6
    A diffusion model analysis of belief bias: Different cognitive mechanisms explain how cognitive abilities and thinking styles contribute to conflict resolution in reasoning.Anna-Lena Schubert, Mário B. Ferreira, André Mata & Ben Riemenschneider - 2021 - Cognition 211 (C):104629.
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  40.  7
    Living in the Fast Lane: Evidence for a Global Perceptual Timing Deficit in Childhood ADHD Caused by Distinct but Partially Overlapping Task-Dependent Cognitive Mechanisms.Ivo Marx, Steffen Weirich, Christoph Berger, Sabine C. Herpertz, Stefan Cohrs, Roland Wandschneider, Jacqueline Höppner & Frank Häßler - 2017 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 11.
  41.  17
    What do subject pronouns do in discourse? Cognitive, mechanical and constructional factors in variation.Catherine E. Travis & Rena Torres Cacoullos - 2012 - Cognitive Linguistics 23 (4).
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  42. Individual Differences in the Neural and Cognitive Mechanisms of Single Word Reading.Simon Fischer-Baum, Jeong Hwan Kook, Yoseph Lee, Aurora Ramos-Nuñez & Marina Vannucci - 2018 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12.
  43.  63
    Quantum Mechanics and Cognitive Science: The Probe and Probed.R. B. Varanasi Varanasi Varanasi Ramabrahmam, Ramabrahmam Varanasi, V. Ramabrahmam - 2018 - Cosmos and History, The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy, 14 (No. 1):123-141..
    Quantum mechanics is currently being tried to be used as a probe to unravel the mysteries of consciousness. Present paper deals with this probe, quantum mechanics and its usefulness in getting an insight of working of human consciousness. The formation of quantum mechanics based on certain axioms, its development to study the dynamical behavior and motions of fundamental particles and quantum energy particles moving with the velocity of light, its insistence on wave functions, its probability approach, its dependence on uncertainty (...)
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    Neurocognitive Mechanisms: Explaining Biological Cognition.Gualtiero Piccinini - 2020 - Oxford University Press.
    Gualtiero Piccinini presents a systematic and rigorous philosophical defence of the computational theory of cognition. His view posits that cognition involves neural computation within multilevel neurocognitive mechanisms, and includes novel ideas about ontology, functions, neural representation, neural computation, and consciousness.
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  45.  24
    Hot Thought: Mechanisms and Applications of Emotional Cognition.Paul Thagard - 2008 - Bradford.
    Contrary to standard assumptions, reasoning is often an emotional process. Emotions can have good effects, as when a scientist gets excited about a line of research and pursues it successfully despite criticism. But emotions can also distort reasoning, as when a juror ignores evidence of guilt just because the accused seems like a nice guy. In _Hot Thought_, Paul Thagard describes the mental mechanisms -- cognitive, neural, molecular, and social -- that interact to produce different kinds of human (...)
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  46.  76
    Mechanisms in Cognitive Science.Carlos Zednik - 2017 - In Stuart Glennan & Phyllis McKay Illari (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Mechanisms and Mechanical Philosophy. Routledge. pp. 389-400.
    This chapter subsumes David Marr’s levels of analysis account of explanation in cognitive science under the framework of mechanistic explanation: Answering the questions that define each one of Marr’s three levels is tantamount to describing the component parts and operations of mechanisms, as well as their organization, behavior, and environmental context. By explicating these questions and showing how they are answered in several different cognitive science research programs, this chapter resolves some of the ambiguities that remain in (...)
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  47.  17
    Understanding Freshness Perception from the Cognitive Mechanisms of Flavor: The Case of Beverages.Jérémy Roque, Malika Auvray & Jérémie Lafraire - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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    Cultural adaptation and evolved, general-purpose cognitive mechanisms are sufficient to explain belief in souls.R. Livingston Kenneth - 2006 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29 (5):480.
    It is suggested that general-purpose cognitive modules are the proper endophenotypes on which evolution has operated, not special purpose belief modules. These general-purpose modules operate to extract adaptive cultural patterns. Belief in souls may be adaptive and based in evolved systems without requiring that a specific cognitive system has evolved to support just such beliefs.
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    Eye-tracking the own-race bias in face recognition: Revealing the perceptual and socio-cognitive mechanisms.Peter J. Hills & J. Michael Pake - 2013 - Cognition 129 (3):586-597.
  50. Grounding cognition: heterarchical control mechanisms in biology.William Bechtel & Leonardo Bich - 2021 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376 (1820).
    We advance an account that grounds cognition, specifically decision-making, in an activity all organisms as autonomous systems must perform to keep themselves viable—controlling their production mechanisms. Production mechanisms, as we characterize them, perform activities such as procuring resources from their environment, putting these resources to use to construct and repair the organism's body and moving through the environment. Given the variable nature of the environment and the continual degradation of the organism, these production mechanisms must be regulated (...)
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