Adults who stutter (AWS) have demonstrated atypical coordination of motor and sensory regions during speech production. Yet little is known of the speech-motor network in AWS in the brief time window preceding audible speech onset. The purpose of the current study was to characterize neural oscillations in the speech-motor network during preparation for and execution of overt speech production in AWS using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Twelve AWS and twelve age-matched controls were presented with 220 words, each word embedded in a carrier (...) phrase. Controls were presented with the same word list as their matched AWS participant. Neural oscillatory activity was localized using minimum-variance beamforming during two time periods of interest: speech preparation (prior to speech onset) and speech execution (following speech onset). Compared to controls, AWS showed stronger beta (15-25Hz) suppression in the speech preparation stage, followed by stronger beta synchronization in the bilateral mouth motor cortex. AWS also recruited the right mouth motor cortex significantly earlier in the speech preparation stage compared to controls. Exaggerated motor preparation is discussed in the context of reduced coordination in the speech-motor network of AWS. It is further proposed that exaggerated beta synchronization may reflect a more strongly inhibited motor system that requires a stronger beta suppression to disengage prior to speech initiation. These novel findings highlight critical differences in the speech-motor network of AWS that occur prior to speech onset and emphasize the need to investigate further the speech-motor assembly in the stuttering population. (shrink)

In this case-report we describe an experience where alternative places – rather than the classroom – are exploited to implement learning processes. We maintain that this experience is a good example of materiality because it focuses on a project where students had the opportunity to re-design a public space. To this aim, various objects and tools are used to support discussions and exchanges with new stakeholders. Our theoretical vision combines Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s tradition with an innovative framework called the Trialogical (...) Learning Approach (TLA). From such theoretical background an idea of materiality emerges, that refers to material in combination with the social relationships developed around the material. Our case-report concerns a participatory project run by Rete Dialogues, a national school network focusing on global citizenship education. Our research question is: how can this project highlight the connection between the TLA and socio-materiality? Since 2017, around 200 students (age 7-16) and 20 teachers from different schools have been engaged in tackling the degradation of an important square in Rome. The project – “Dialogues in the Square” (DiS) was developed with several stakeholders that contributed to the understanding of critical issues influencing the maintenance of the square, in the perspective of planning, and possibly implementing improvements proposed by students. Crucial is the cooperation with two important urban art projects: i) the pilot-project MACRO-ASILO, run by the MACRO museum in Rome and aimed at connecting the world of art with the city life; ii) the “building sites” of the Rome Rebirth Forum, inspired by the world-known artist Michelangelo Pistoletto’s “third paradise” methodology, that encourages responsibility and action taking on sustainability through art. Drawing on data collected through direct observations and video recordings, we aim to show and make sense of the connection between the TLA and socio-materiality, highlighting three key elements: the flexible use of mediation tools, the overcoming of the dichotomy between individual and collective learning through reflection, and the re-shaping of social practices. (shrink)

This article challenges what is now a common assumption in Higher Education; that teaching for employability will result in enabled and empowered graduates. Drawing upon empirical data, and Foucaul...

Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, Ahead of Print. This article challenges what is now a common assumption in Higher Education; that teaching for employability will result in enabled and empowered graduates. Drawing upon empirical data, and Foucault’s concept of subjectification, we argue that discourses of employability instead encouraged museum, gallery and heritage postgraduate students at one UK-based institution to perceive themselves as subjects ‘lacking’ the resources needed for work – an understanding of self that formed prior to study, which (...) then permeated the entire learning and teaching experience. Moreover, we note that the trajectory from ‘lacking student’ to ‘employable graduate’ is often reliant upon an accrual of assets not openly available to all. As such, the article sounds a note of caution with regards the rhetoric of employability within Higher Education, while giving voice to students’ perspectives and anxieties around employability. (shrink)

En el presente trabajo abordamos actuaciones administrativas enmarcadas en la Dirección de Espectáculos Públicos (DEP) de la Municipalidad de Córdoba. Particularmente, nos preguntamos por los sujetos encargados de implementar las políticas de esta dirección (inspectores) y la formación que adquieren para el ejercicio de prácticas administrativas de control y fiscalización de “casas de fiestas infantiles” y locales de diversión nocturna (bares, discotecas, bailes). Las preguntas que guían el análisis son las siguientes: ¿Cómo se adquieren los conocimientos necesarios para “ser inspector (...) municipal” y cuáles son los escenarios y modalidades de transmisión? ¿Cuáles son los saberes que circulan, se movilizan y son (re)apropiados en esos espacios? Y, finalmente, ¿qué sujetos se construyen en estos procesos (“inspectores”, “especialistas”, “capacitadores”)? Como fuente de reflexión empírica, consideramos actuaciones administrativas que tienen lugar en la DEP, junto con los cursos de capacitación en “Inspectoría General” ofrecidos a los agentes municipales que se desempeñan en aquella Dirección. Los materiales utilizados en el análisis provienen de registros de observaciones participantes realizadas en la DEP, en un curso de capacitación, y entrevistas a funcionarios e inspectores municipales. Las argumentaciones vertidas a lo largo del artículo pretenden contribuir al estudio de los procesos de formación continua del Estado municipal cordobés, a partir de una indagación etnográfica en torno a actuaciones administrativas y formas de transmisión de conocimientos para determinados ejercicios de poder estatal. (shrink)

El artículo se pregunta por el problema del Otro en América Latina, considerando la reflexión de Lévinas y de Ortega y Gasset a partir de la fenomenología de Husserl. El examen recae en dos figuras paradigmáticas de la modernidad barroca: la así denominada Malinche y Juana Inés de la Cruz, teniendo como telón de fondo el debate entre Ginés de Sepúlveda y Bartolomé de las Casas acerca de la humanidad o animalidad de los así llamados indígenas. Se le presta especial (...) atención a las perspectivas adoptadas por Tzvetan Todorov, Leopoldo Zea, Octavio Paz y Bolívar Echeverría sobre las figuras mencionadas. (shrink)

Corruption within the private sector has often not been dealt with in Brazil. Organizations may find corrupt acts in its operations or practices, but specific concepts and programs to avoid them are neither concrete nor clear. Some Brazilian stockholders have become aware of the risks involved in unethical procedures and are adopting the Best Practices of Corporate Governance initiative. International agencies have intensively supported organizations and governments in an effort to define policies that inhibit illegal or corrupt cultural habits throughout (...) the world, but Brazilian practitioners show insufficient response. Skepticism may indicate a lack of understanding about how an ethical leadership can guide employees, setting high standards for the organizational culture and climate, clearly defining limits of correct behavior, and creating appropriate codes of ethics. Transparency still has to be discovered as a significant tool to encourage professionalism in performance and reporting of data in Brazilian companies. In this article, we analyze the ethical behavior of the purchasing department of a multinational company in its host country, Brazil. It focuses specifically on the supplier–buyer relationship. The results indicate that despite the negative reputation Brazilians have in business ethics, a company can still develop a positive and ethical relationship with its stakeholders. Communication, transparency, compliance with the company’s code of conduct as well as the supplier’s awareness of the buyer’s code of conduct are the factors which influence the supplier–buyer relationship. Transparency can be used as a tool to reduce corruption, thereby increasing ethical behavior and company image. Good ethical behavior can help to build up a company’s image. (shrink)

El artículo presenta resultados de una investigación doctoral en género centrada en la experiencia de mujeres argentinas con las Técnicas de Reproducción Humana Asistida (TRHA). En Argentina, la ley que regula el acceso a las TRHA garantiza el acceso a una diversidad de personas usuarias que no siempre parten de un diagnóstico de infertilidad. Se propone como objetivo principal conocer las diversas relaciones de las usuarias de TRHA con la tecnología reproductiva. Desde una perspectiva feminista, se trabaja con el análisis (...) cualitativo de relatos de usuarias de TRHA, mediante su codificación. Como resultados se identifican dos grandes categorías: “relatos de reparación”, donde la decisión de usar las TRHA se vincula a la noción de infertilidad; y los “relatos de simultaneidad”, donde la tecnología reproductiva aparece posibilitando una decisión reproductiva. Estas reflexiones constituyen un aporte para pensar las tecnologías desde las propias experiencias de las usuarias, así como las tensiones en la construcción de la autonomía reproductiva. (shrink)

The Protein Ontology provides terms for and supports annotation of species-specific protein complexes in an ontology framework that relates them both to their components and to species-independent families of complexes. Comprehensive curation of experimentally known forms and annotations thereof is expected to expose discrepancies, differences, and gaps in our knowledge. We have annotated the early events of innate immune signaling mediated by Toll-Like Receptor 3 and 4 complexes in human, mouse, and chicken. The resulting ontology and annotation data set has (...) allowed us to identify species-specific gaps in experimental data and possible functional differences between species, and to employ inferred structural and functional relationships to suggest plausible resolutions of these discrepancies and gaps. (shrink)

Nos proponemos indagar la recepción de la Ilustración en Friedrich Nietzsche. Encontramos en sus escritos publicados y póstumos no solo una evaluación o balance crítico de los alcances de este movimiento en sus distintas expresiones, sino también el ensayo de continuar con algunas de sus tareas, a partir de una praxis filosófica de carácter experimental. Consideramos, por lo tanto, que la noción de Aufklärung, con los giros y los matices esbozados por el propio pensador alemán, merecen un renovado y detenido (...) análisis, tanto por los aportes que pueden hacerse en el campo de la exegesis crítica e histórica del corpus nietzscheano, como por la posibilidad de reconstruir, en parte, el modo en que ingresa la corriente ilustrada en la filosofía europea de mediados y segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Palabras clave: Nietzsche-Ilustración-Experimento-Filosofía. (shrink)

Este trabajo se propone estudiar las características de los paralogismos de composición y división (Retórica II 24.II, 1401a), de la consecuencia (Retórica II 24.VI, 1401b20-30) y de la causa aparente (Retórica II 24.VII, 1401b30-34), de modo de analizar si Eurípides los utiliza en el agón de Andrómaca de los versos 577 a 746 This paper intends to study the characteristics of paralogisms due to composition and division (Rhetoric II 24.II, 1401a), due to consequent (Rhetoric II 24.VI, 1401b20-30), and due to (...) false cause (Rhetoric II 24.VII, 1401b30-34), in order to analyze if Euripides uses them in the agon in Andromache (577-746). (shrink)

“Comer para viver e não viver para comer”, essa é uma máxima que parece ter percorrido a história do Ocidente. Desde o século XIII a moderação tornou-se um ideal e a renascença trouxe consigo a civilidade das maneiras, transformando a voracidade do comer em uma atitude animalesca. Utilizando como fontes, manuais de civilidade de diferentes épocas, pretende-se analisar preceitos neles contidos sobre ideais de comportamento social e moral diante da comida, e em que medida podemos perceber permanências e transformações de (...) regras em relação ao comedimento e de rejeição da gula à mesa ainda no Brasil do século XX.Dominating its own flesh: gluttony, temperance and table manners in civility handbooks “Eat to live and not live to eat”, this is maximum that seems to be traversed the West history. Since the thirteenth century moderation has become an ideal and the arrival of the renaissance brought with it the civility of manners, transforming the voracity of eating into an animalistic attitude. Using as sources, handbooks of civility from different epochs, we intend to know and analyze precepts contained in them about ideals of social and moral behavior in front of food, as well as to observe to what extent we can perceive permanences and transformations of rules in relation to restraint and rejection of gluttony at the table in twentieth-century Brazil. Resumen Dominando su propia carne: gula, templanza y maneras de mesa en los manuales de civilidad "Comer para vivir y no vivir para comer", esa es una máxima que parece haber recorrido la historia de Occidente. Desde el siglo XIII la moderación se ha convertido en un ideal y el renacimiento ha traído consigo la civilidad de las maneras, transformando la voracidad del comer en una actitud animal. Utilizando como fuentes, manuales de civilidad de diferentes épocas, se pretende analizar preceptos en ellos contenidos sobre ideales de comportamiento social y moral ante la comida, y en qué medida podemos percibir permanencias y transformaciones de reglas en relación al comedimiento y de rechazo de la gula a la en el Brasil del siglo XX. (shrink)

Se suele olvidar que los presocráticos, más que “filósofos” en el sentido actual de la palabra fueron hombres que sus contemporáneos tuvieron por sabios. He aquí una pequeña muestra de lo lejos que el Poema de Parménides se halla del tipo de lenguaje conceptual que occidente llama “filosófico”. La lengua del eléata es palabra viva y creadora como la de los poetas, pero también oscura y ambigua como la de los dioses. Quien lea a Parménides en la perspectiva de la (...) metafísica occidental y pase por alto su contenido poético, religioso, político y “preconceptual”, quizá termine lejos de su pensamiento originario. (shrink)

Los primeros filósofos fueron muy conscientes de la novedad que introdujeron en la forma de relacionarse con el mundo, a saber, un cambio en la mirada que se alejó de lo próximo e inmediato, para dirigirse contemplativamente hacia el todo. Del predominio que la visión tenía en la lengua griega, surgieron términos y metáforas como la de la ceguera de los mortales, que no sólo ilustran el contraste entre el modo de vida cotidiano y el filosófico, sino que también lo (...) dramatizan como la vieja anécdota sobre Tales. ¿Por qué, tanto ayer como hoy el filósofo es motivo de risa para la mayoría, mientras a sí mismo, se considera más bien objeto de la envidia de los dioses? (shrink)

Durante el año 2020, en contexto de pandemia por COVID-19 y de Aislamiento Social Preventivo Obligatorio (ASPO), nos propusimos y vivenciamos una experiencia educativa con estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Trabajo Social de la Universidad Nacional de San Juan, en el espacio de la asignatura: “Orientación Optativa Educación”.En el presente artículo, nos proponemos compartir la experiencia en cuestión, en dos sentidos. Por un lado, como actividad pedagógica en sí misma y de gran valor para el Trabajo Social, en tanto su (...) concreción no sólo habilitó el abordaje de los contenidos propios de la asignatura; sino también la práctica de habilidades imprescindibles para la disciplina, como lo son el registro, la escritura, el análisis. Por otro lado, como testimonio de experiencia vital de estudiantes universitarias que les tocó re-aprender a serlo, en tiempos de pandemia. Todo ello, anclado desde los aportes de las narrativas sociales, dado que las mismas configuran un sustento teórico-metodológico apropiado para lograr ambos cometidos de este artículo; a la vez que habilitan una reflexión sobre la práctica docente, en tanto meta-relato de la experiencia realizada. (shrink)

Intersubjectivity impairment has been considered the main pathogenic nucleus of schizophrenia. Enriching this concept with references to Scheler’s phenomenology, our hypothesis is that schizophrenic subjects are affected by a deeper impairment: the inability to resonate with unipathic affectivity. Fragmentation of the Leibschema, valueception impairment, and the lack of vital impulse are, in our hypothesis, the original alterations of the schizophrenic bodily experience from which all relational impairments originate. Our proposal is, therefore, to enhance a psychotherapy that does not only focus (...) on the verbal level, but endeavors to touch the patient’s Leib, focusing on emotional sharing and on the development of a sense of cohesion of one’s body as the starting point for accessing intersubjectivity. (shrink)

Corruption within the private sector has often not been dealt with in Brazil. Organizations may find corrupt acts in its operations or practices, but specific concepts and programs to avoid them are neither concrete nor clear. Some Brazilian stockholders have become aware of the risks involved in unethical procedures and are adopting the Best Practices of Corporate Governance initiative. International agencies have intensively supported organizations and governments in an effort to define policies that inhibit illegal or corrupt cultural habits throughout (...) the world, but Brazilian practitioners show insufficient response. Skepticism may indicate a lack of understanding about how an ethical leadership can guide employees, setting high standards for the organizational culture and climate, clearly defining limits of correct behavior, and creating appropriate codes of ethics. Transparency still has to be discovered as a significant tool to encourage professionalism in performance and reporting of data in Brazilian companies. In this article, we analyze the ethical behavior of the purchasing department of a multinational company in its host country, Brazil. It focuses specifically on the supplierbuyer relationship. The results indicate that despite the negative reputation Brazilians have in business ethics, a company can still develop a positive and ethical relationship with its stakeholders. Communication, transparency, compliance with the company's code of conduct as well as the supplier's awareness of the buyer's code of conduct are the factors which influence the supplier–buyer relationship. Transparency can be used as a tool to reduce corruption, thereby increasing ethical behavior and company image. Good ethical behavior can help to build up a company's image. (shrink)

El artículo se propone examinar la tensión entre la lengua castellana y la gramática en la novela El cuervo blanco, escrita por el controvertido escritor colombiano Fernando Vallejo, hoy radicado en México. Se trata de un texto híbrido que explora el pensamiento y la biografía del célebre filólogo Rufino José Cuervo. El libro indaga en sus papeles, cartas y libros; documentos en donde recoge sus conversaciones filosófico-filológicas con lingüistas europeos a propósito de las modalidades y formas idiomáticas que adquiere el (...) castellano en Colombia y Latinoamérica. La característica de este libro es su forma de narración, ya que más que darle primacía a los acontecimientos se preocupa de los tropos, giros, citas y efectos gramaticales que construyen la lógica de los documentos relacionados con la lengua de Estado. A nivel metafórico, Rufino José Cuervo es presentado como un “pájaro negro de alma blanca que tiene el don de la palabra”, es decir un “Cuervo blanco”, cuyo color es un índice de su excepcionalidad, nombre con el que lo identifica en una de sus cartas el lingüista alemán August Friedrich Pott, pero que el narrador convierte en el título de este curioso libro. (shrink)

The aim of this article is to explore the perspective of Hannah Arendt on the relationship between politics and singularity as a way to counteract the fall in the control and predictability of humanity by the totalitarian and commercial companies.The question about the meaning of human singularity highlights the postmetaphysical character of human identity and the distinction to include women, this make more complex the Arendt's conception about the public space that changes from agonist to associative.

En el presente trabajo, abordamos la obra de Friedrich Nietzsche con el objeto de analizar el modo en que su temprana crítica a las instituciones educativas alemanas y, específicamente, a la filosofía universitaria de su tiempo deriva de manera progresiva en los esbozos de una concepción tardía de la filosofía, fundada en la vida misma como medio de conocimiento a través del “experimento”. El diagnóstico nietzscheano es crítico y su resolución, un gran desafío para los futuros pensadores, a quienes les (...) demanda vivir experimentalmente sus palabras más allá de los libros. La cultura del ensayo emerge como horizonte final para esta praxis filosófico-experimental. (shrink)

Towards the end of his philosophical and political theorizations, the Greek-born French philosopher and thinker Cornelius Castoriadis turned his attention to artistic representation, in particular to Greek, or to use a term he preferred, “Athenian” tragedy. The aim of this article is to analyze the role played by his interpretation of tragedy in his understanding of democracy as a tragic regime. In order to address this interrogation, the article will be divided in three parts. The first part is devoted to (...) what Castoriadis deems the “Greek creation”. The second part offers an interpretation of Castoriadis’ formulation of tragedy as both a public institution and a “window to chaos”, emphasizing its connection to democracy, autonomy and judgement. In the final remarks, we critically assess his original conception of tragedy and its political implications for Castoriadis’ idea of democracy. (shrink)

RESUMO Este texto apresenta parte de pesquisa recém-concluída, que delineia dimensões e balizas para o que vem sendo denominado perspectiva discursiva de alfabetização. Princípios da teoria da enunciação e de estudos que analisam as relações entre sujeito e linguagem e o papel das interações discursivas nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem organizam a base teórico-metodológica do estudo, em que se analisam relatos escritos por cinco professoras alfabetizadoras durante 18 meses. Duas dimensões teórico-metodológicas de análise são trabalhadas: discursiva e indiciária. Mergulha-se (...) nos modos como a prática pedagógica é movimentada em sala de aula, em busca de indícios para descrever a situação discursiva em que foram colhidos, analisá-los e interpretá-los. A pesquisa tem como horizonte compreender como podem ser concebidas metodologias de alfabetização em que o trabalho com a vida das crianças na cultura escrita se sobreponha ao trabalho tradicionalmente realizado com foco no sistema de escrita. ABSTRACT This paper presents data from a recently finished research that outlines dimensions and guidelines for what has been named discursive perspective on literacy. Principles of the theory of enunciation and studies that analyze the relationships between subject and language as well as the role of discursive interactions in the teaching and learning processes, organize the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. We analyzed reports written by five literacy teachers for 18 months. Two theoretical-methodological dimensions of analysis were employed, the discursive and the evidential. We focus on the ways the pedagogical practice is developed in the classroom, seeking for indexes to describe the discursive situation from which they were collected, and to analyze and interpret them. The aim of the research was to understand how to construct literacy methodologies in which working with children's lives in written culture overcomes the traditional work focused on the writing system. (shrink)

Resumen: Nos proponemos recorrer un delimitado tramo del corpus nietzscheano a fin de poner en diálogo el ideario de El nacimiento de la tragedia con el de Humano demasiado humano. Se trata de ofrecer las líneas de lectura que justifiquen la siguiente interpretación: aun cuando Nietzsche, a fines de los setenta del siglo XIX, desista de la posibilidad de acceder a la realidad en sí desde la inmediatez dionisíaca, mantiene la pretensión de avanzar en un conocimiento profundo de sí mismo (...) y la realidad, que contraste con los errores heredados de épocas metafísicas y artísticas pasadas, y conserva el interés por una modalidad de conocimiento autoexperimental que sirva de procedimiento iniciático para nuevas prácticas filosóficas.: We propose to do a lecture tour of a limited stretch of Nietzsche’s corpus to put into dialogue the ideas of The Birth of Tragedy with those of Human, All Too Human. The work’s aim is to provide the scan lines that justify the following interpretation: Although Nietzsche, in the late seventies of the nineteenth century, abandons the possibility of accessing to reality itself from the Dionysian immediacy, he maintains the aspiration of advancing in a deep knowledge of himself and reality, that contrasts with the inherited errors of artistic and metaphysical times in the past. Additionally, he retains the interest in a form of self-experimental knowledge to serve as an initiation process for new philosophical practices. (shrink)

Como lo indica su título, el diálogo De ludo globi está construido en torno a un juego. Este juego consta de dos elementos: una bocha de madera levemente ahuecada y una superficie sobre la que están dibujados diez círculos concéntricos. El significado de cada uno de los círculos es detallado en el Libro II. Por su parte, el Libro I se ocupa de la forma de la bocha y su movimiento. El desafío al que se enfrenta el presente trabajo reside (...) en encontrar una unidad sistemática, que sirva de hilo conductor del diálogo De ludo glob i, en el marco del Libro I. Esta sistematización del texto deberá mostrar que el diálogo tiene como trasfondo otra dimensión dialógica, que muestra al texto como un diálogo del individuo con la naturaleza. Con esta intención, el presente trabajo está articulado en tres partes. En primer lugar me concentraré en la bocha y su movimiento. En segundo lugar abordaré el planteo cusano del alma y el cuerpo. Éste deberá dirigirnos, por último, a una distinción entre la libertad y la naturaleza. (shrink)

The aim of this article is to explore the perspective of Hannah Arendt on the relationship between politics and singularity as a way to counteract the fall in the control and predictability of humanity by the totalitarian and commercial companies.The question about the meaning of human singularity highlights the postmetaphysical character of human identity and the distinction to include women, this make more complex the Arendt's conception about the public space that changes from agonist to associative.

« Dans cet article, nous tenterons d’interpréter la notion controversée de musique populaire brésilienne en tant que concept porteur d’un contenu à la fois utopique et idéologique, en nous appuyant sur le concept d’idéologie dans la pensée de Marx et d’Adorno, ainsi que sur une intuition du philosophe brésilien Vladimir Safatle. Notre hypothèse est la suivante : la musique populaire brésilienne, portée par un mouvement dialectique, a changé de paradigme tout au long du xx e siècle, avec la samba, la (...) bossa-nova et la musique populaire brésilienne ( mpb ) comme paradigmes successifs. Il s’agit alors d’identifier les changements du contenu utopique et idéologique de la musique brésilienne en fonction des mouvements de l’histoire du pays. Enfin, nous conclurons par une hypothèse sur notre époque actuelle, sur la crise de la musique populaire brésilienne et de son concept.». (shrink)

Este estudio devela la lejanía que existe entre las prácticas evaluativas de los docentes y el perfil de egreso de los estudiantes durante la acción formativa que se brinda en la Educación superior. Mediante un diseño de enfoque cualitativo, se realizaron entrevistas a docentes de universidades con Facultades de Educación en Lima (Perú), que, en base a las representaciones gráficas de su práctica evaluativa, comunicaron que durante el proceso evaluativo el perfil de egreso está ausente en la mirada del docente, (...) lo cual implica poca valoración de este componente curricular que es el eje orientador de todo el proceso formativo. (shrink)

The Cell Ontology (CL) is designed to provide a standardized representation of cell types for data annotation. Currently, the CL employs multiple is_a relations, defining cell types in terms of histological, functional, and lineage properties, and the majority of definitions are written with sufficient generality to hold across multiple species. This approach limits the CL’s utility for cross-species data integration. To address this problem, we developed a method for the ontological representation of cells and applied this method to develop a (...) dendritic cell ontology (DC-CL). DC-CL subtypes are delineated on the basis of surface protein expression, systematically including both species-general and species-specific types and optimizing DC-CL for the analysis of flow cytometry data. This approach brings benefits in the form of increased accuracy, support for reasoning, and interoperability with other ontology resources. 104. Barry Smith, “Toward a Realistic Science of Environments”, Ecological Psychology, 2009, 21 (2), April-June, 121-130. Abstract: The perceptual psychologist J. J. Gibson embraces a radically externalistic view of mind and action. We have, for Gibson, not a Cartesian mind or soul, with its interior theater of contents and the consequent problem of explaining how this mind or soul and its psychological environment can succeed in grasping physical objects external to itself. Rather, we have a perceiving, acting organism, whose perceptions and actions are always already tuned to the parts and moments, the things and surfaces, of its external environment. We describe how on this basis Gibson sought to develop a realist science of environments which will be ‘consistent with physics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, and chemistry’. (shrink)

This Teacher Education Project is an intervention research aimed at creating new school roles for educating students as readers and writers as well as citizens. The methodological framework was based on Vygotsky’s discussions of method as praxis, as well as on both the Marxist practical–materialistic–revolutionary activity and Engeström’s extensions of Cultural Historical Activity Theory. The work at school was motivated by students’ limited awareness of reading and writing. The goal was to involve the school as a community in understanding and (...) transforming the ways in which reading and writing were addressed in classrooms. The methodology used for organizing and carrying out the project was devised so as to allow for three activity systems that partially interact with their objects – that is, reading and writing as tools for teaching-learning in different areas in order to constitute students as citizens. However, for this paper, we will focus solely on the Teacher Education Activity System, which we termed Teacher Support Team. Three episodes are discussed in this paper: Two video sessions with the Teacher Support Team, the first of which took place in 2010, and the second in 2011; and a classroom reading class session that was videotaped in 2011 as part of the Teacher Support Team work. The theoretical and practical work developed was targeted at creating a mutual Zone of Proximal Development that supported teachers, coordinators, and the principal, through the appropriation of reading and writing as processes. The results show that the organization of the project as interrelated activity systems enhanced the entire school’s prospects of appropriating the reading and writing teaching-learning processes, by focusing on the same object, in the diverse systems that framed the project. (shrink)

El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo desarrollar la forma a través de la cual Marx, Freud y Nietzsche han pensado las causas del pathos humano —entendido éste en su doble valencia de sufrimiento y pasión— a partir de un abordaje materialista de las nociones de sensibilidad y afectividad. En consecuencia, se hará énfasis en el concepto de «sensibilidad práctica», adoptado por el joven Marx de los Manuscritos económicos filosóficos de 1844, y en el de «voluntad de poder», presente en el (...) esbozo de «la teoría de los afectos» en losFragmentos póstumos del último Nietzsche. Un encuentro que, pese a las distancias biográficas, teóricas e históricas, es posible trazar a partir del concepto de sensibilidad y que incluye a Freud como intermediario, ya que desde su perspectiva psicoanalítica, él también se ocupó de comprender la naturaleza indomable de nuestra constitución psíquica. (shrink)