U ovome radu zagovaram stajalište koje uključni pozitivisti dijele s Ronaldom Dworkinom. Prema tezi o uključenosti morala , logički je moguće da pravni sustav uključuje moralne kriterije pravnosti . Do ovoga trenutka rasprava je uvijek imala oblik napada na koherentnost TUM-a, pri čemu su branitelji TUM-a samo pokušavali osporiti napadajući argument. Ja u prilog TUM-u iznosim pozitivan argument, koji započinjem objašnjenjem logike dokazivanja mogućnosnih tvrdnji kao što je to TUM. Pritome na samom početku vrijedi istaknuti da se logika dokazivanja (...) mogućnosnih tvrdnji umnogome razlikuje od logike dokazivanja kontingentnih deskriptivnih tvrdnji ili nužnih tvrdnji. Zbog toga će ovdje biti potrebno dati neka pojašnjenja važnih obilježja semantike modalne logike. Nakon prikladne razrade strukturnog okvira, argument u prilog TUM-a bit će zasnovan na iznenađujuće jednostavnom mislenom eksperimentu. Zapravo, argument pronalazi svoje nadahnuće u Razovom argumentu u prilog mogućnosti postojanja pravnog sustava koji se ne temelji na prisilnoj mašineriji izvršavanja prava; prema njemu, društvo anđela i dalje bi imalo sustav prava, iako u tom sustavu ne bi postojala prisilna mašinerija. Moj argument sadržavat će dvije teorijski važne značajke koje sadrži i Razov snažno jednostavan, ali u konačnici neuspješan argument. (shrink)

A close interrelationship between logic and religious faith is confirmed in many places of the Bible. In the paper, special attention is paid to the dialogue of Jesus and a Samaritan woman (John 4). In a proposed outline of a logical formalization, religious faith is described as a pragmatic function through which the linguistic and logical content is contextually realized. In the continuation of the paper, Gödel's ontological proof is commented, which in a logically rigorous way describes the ontology where (...) we can detect the systematic place of religious faith as an ontological force. (shrink)

The first beginnings of modern logic in Croatia are recognizable as early as in the middle of the 19th century in Vatroslav Bertić. At the turn of the 20th century, Albin Nagy, who was teaching in Italy, made contributions to algebraic logic and to the philosophy of logic. At that time, a distinctive author Mate Meršić stood out, also working on algebraic logic. In the Croatian academic philosophy, until the publication of Gajo Petrović's textbook (1964) and the contributions by Heda (...) Festini, a critical or indifferent attitude toward modern logic prevailed. The first comprehensive modern logic textbook in Croatian was written by mathematician Vladimir Devidé (1964), known, for example, for his axiomatizations of natural numbers and classical propositional logic. In the Croatian philosophy of the 1980s and 1990s, influential logicians are Goran Švob and mathematician Zvonimir Šikić. At the turn of the 21st century, logical investigations are being intensified and extended to various branches of the contemporary logic. (shrink)

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie relacji między językoznawstwem a logiką. Punktem wyjścia są dyskusje między logikami a językoznawcami, które miały miejsce w ostatnich kilkunastu latach. W artykule poddano analizie wzmiankowane dyskusje i wskazano, że faktycznie wkradają się w nie nieporozumienia; spróbowano również dokładniej określić domenę logiki i ukazać, że różni się ona zasadniczo od domenyjęzykoznawstwa.

Does formal logic make sense?This text is a commentary on the book Logika i argumentacja. Praktyczny kurs krytycznego myślenia Logic and Argumentation. A Practical Course In Critical Thinking by Professor Andrzej Kisielewicz. Prof. Kisielewicz argues there, among other things, that formal symbolic logic is inadequate to explain practical rational reasoning. This commentary defends formal logic in this respect. In particular, Prof. Kisielewicz proposes in his book a definition of practical logical inference. According to him, a conclusion follows from a (...) given set of premises if there is no situation, where the premises hold, while the conclusion fails. In this commentary it is pointed out that this is a well-known notion of semantic inference in formal logic. It is also well-known that semantic and syntactic inference in logic are equivalent, i.e. equally strong. (shrink)

The main aim of this article is to prove that Wittgenstein's early philosophy considers two perspectives: the first one from the view of necessary logic and the second one from the view of contingent application of logic in the natural language. The application of logic is the matter of decisions outside the logical necessity - it is arbitrary and thus it can not be anticipated by logic and can not be considered by logical notation (concept-script). According to Wittgenstein 'logic must (...) take care of itself' and only the exclusion of the contingency from the logical notation let maintain the autonomy of logic. (shrink)

deel 1. Klassieke systemen.--deel 2. Niet-klassieke systemen en toegepaste logika.