Schools in the United States have often been tasked with cultivating a political identity that is connected to the nation-state. In the civics classroom, this often means teaching a nation-state centered civic education, which can create a sense of disjuncture for some students. This year-long ethnographic study explores disenfranchised students living in the Virgin Islands’ political identities and interests and how their teachers responded to them. The findings suggest that students entered the classroom with developed and varied political interests and (...) identities that would not necessarily be recognized in a traditional nation-state centered civics class. Teachers responded by providing a culturally sustaining and humanizing civic education that honored their students’ diverse political and cultural identities and interests. (shrink)

El resultado investigativo se centra en una de las prioridades de la línea del polo científico territorial y nacional: la necesidad de rescatar el papel de la intelectualidad cubana durante la República. Se analiza el papel de la cultura y la cubanía en la cosmovisión filosófica de Juan Marinello. El método empleado presupone un análisis dialéctico de la realidad, sustentado en una perspectiva crítica que permite interpretar y enriquecer la concepción sobre los hechos y procesos históricos. Desde una visión holística (...) del pensamiento filosófico cubano se revela la complejidad de un fenómeno multifactorial, la cubanía, como construcción cultural, a partir de la articulación de la concepción martiana y marxista de la cultura y los valores, lo que constituye un acierto del quehacer teórico - práctico marinelliano. El conocimiento de esta perspectiva enriquece los estudios sobre la obra de este intelectual y contribuye a dilucidar el devenir ideo-artístico y cultural cubano. The result of the research focuses on one of the priorities of the territorial and national scientific pole line: the need to recover the role of Cuban intellectuals during the Republic. The role of culture and Cubanism in Juan Marinello's philosophical world view is analyzed. The method used presupposes a dialectical analysis of reality, based on a critical perspective which allows to interpret and enrich the understanding of events and historical processes. From a holistic point of view of the Cuban philosophical thinking, Cubanism, a complex multifactorial phenomenon, is revealed as a cultural construction, starting from the articulation of Marti's and Marx's conception of culture and values, which is a good result of Marinello's theoretical-practical work. The knowledge of this perspective enriches the studies on the work of this intellectual and contributes to the clarification of the Cuban ideo-artistic and cultural evolution. (shrink)

RESUMEN Juan Marinello Vidaurreta, eminente trabajador de las letras, que no cambió la pluma por la política, sino que hizo de la política incesante gestión de creación espiritual. Vivió tres etapas decisivas de Cuba: los rezagos de la colonia española; la República mediatizada, que combatió; y el socialismo, que ayudó a consolidar. El objetivo es demostrar la confluencia del pensamiento martiano y marxista desde el análisis de la cultura en la obra de Juan Marinello Vidaurreta. Se asumió la concepción dialéctica (...) materialista como metodología general para conocer el objeto de investigación en sus antecedentes y tendencias actuales. Además permitió ampliar el conocimiento sobre el tema objeto de estudio, a través del análisis de texto, el contenido y el discurso; la crítica de fuentes posibilitó extraer inferencias a partir de la teoría preexistente y la información empírica acopiada. El pensamiento marinelliano se fue formando como resultado de la influencia del movimiento progresista cubano, del pensamiento martiano y marxista-leninista, lo más avanzado del pensamiento latinoamericano y universal. Subyace en su obra una concepción integradora y totalizadora de la cultura, de base martiana y marxista. ABSTRACT Juan Marinello Vidaurreta eminent worker of the letters that did not change the pen by the policy, but that made of the policy, incessant management of spiritual creation. He lived three decisive stages of Cuba: the lags of the Spanish colony; the mediated Republic, which fought; and socialism, which helped to consolidate. The objective is to demonstrate the confluence of Marti's and Marxist thinking from the analysis of culture in the work of Juan Marinello Vidaurreta. The dialectical materialist conception was assumed as general methodology to know the object of research in its antecedents and current trends. In addition it allowed expanding the knowledge on the subject under study, through the analysis of text, content and discourse; the critique of sources made it possible to draw inferences from the preexisting theory and the empirical information collected. Marinellian thought was formed as a result of the influence of the Cuban progressive movement, of Marti and Marxist-Leninist thought, the most advanced of Latin American and universal thought. It underlies in his work an integrative and totalizing conception of the culture, of Marti base and marxist. (shrink)

The development of executive functions is recognizably correlated to culture, contextual and social factors. However, studies considering all the basic EF are still scarce in Brazil, most notably in the Northeast region, which is known for its social inequality and economic gap. This study aimed to analyze the developmental trajectories and structure of four EF, namely inhibition, flexibility, working memory and planning. In addition, the potential effects of socioeconomic status and gender were examined. The sample included 230 Brazilian children between (...) 7-12 years old, homogeneously distributed by age, gender and type of school. The EF were assessed through the Brazilian version of the Child Executive Functions Battery. A global effect of age was found for most of the EF measures evaluated. Gender effect was mostly non-significant, except for 4 of the 12 tasks. There was a significant SES effect on 8 tasks, all in favor of private school children. Exploratory factorial and correlation analysis showed a 4-factor EF structure, corroborating the theoretical distribution considered in the CEF-B. A developmental progression is evident in the results for all of the EF measures evaluated. While gender had little influence on EF, SES seems to significantly impact the development of EF. As normative data are still lacking in Northeast Brazil, this study may help to understand EF development trajectories and provide tools for neuropsychological evaluation. (shrink)

KOINONIA/ASETT MINGA/MUTIRÃO DE REVISTAS DE TEOLOGIA LATINO-AMERICANAS Teología de la Liberación y Cristianismo Mundial: hacia una recuperación del Cristianismo culturalmente plural (Liberation Theology and World Christianity: towards the recovery of Christianity culturally plural).

A experiência da liberdade permeou todo o desenvolvimento da formação cultural e ética da Antiguidade, sobretudo, como ensina Lima Vaz, no enfrentamento da contradição entre o agir humano e o destino. A preocupação com a ideia de liberdade atravessou o pensamento Sócrates, Platão, Aristóteles e Cícero. Ao voltar os olhos para o passado, Benjamin Constant percebeu um outro aspecto da liberdade antiga que talvez não tenha sido compreendido pelos próprios antigos como liberdade, que é a capacidade de de participar (...) coletiva, porém diretamente, da vida política e das decisões da polis. Por outro lado, Constant considera que apenas na Modernidade foi desenvolvida a ideia de liberdade individual. No entanto, é possível perceber que os pilares da liberdade jurídica e individual foram desenvolvidos na Roma antiga. Tendo em vista que para alcançar a dimensão da ideia de liberdade é indispensável percorrer os momentos históricos de seu desenvolvimento e o esforço filosófico destinado a caracterizá-la e explicá-la, buscar-se-á, neste trabalho, analisar como a ideia de liberdade foi compreendida na Antiguidade e confrontá-la com a concepção elaborada pelos filósofos da Modernidade, como Rousseau, Benjamin Constant e Kant. (shrink)

Resumen. El presente documento tiene como finalidad plasmar la importancia que tiene el tomar encuenta los deseos y necesidades de los espectadores para el éxito económico de las organizaciones deproducción cinematográfica mexicanas. Se establecen las funciones culturales y económicas quedeben considerar los directores y productores de las organizaciones aquí estudiadas. Por otro lado, seubica los diferentes grados de insatisfacción en los que cae un espectador al que no le agradó lapelícula. Se propone el concepto “Síndrome Lozano-Barragán”* para ubicar a aquellasorganizaciones (...) de producción cinematográfica que culpan a los espectadores que quedaroninsatisfechos, del fracaso en taquilla, además de argumentar que dichos espectadores no supieronentender la película o que no saben de la naturaleza de la misma. Por último, hacemos algunasrecomendaciones que pueden seguir las organizaciones de producción cinematográfica para evitareste síndrome e incrementar la satisfacción de los espectadores.Palabras Claves. Organizaciones de producción cinematográfica, industria cultural, síndrome Lozano-Barragán, espectadores, insatisfacción.. The main purpose of this document is to state the importance of taking into considerationthe desires and needs of the spectators by the Mexican film production organizations has for theireconomical success. It establishes the cultural and economic functions that filmmakers studied onthis document must consider. On the other hand, it locates the different degrees of the dissatisfactionin which a spectator can falls into when he or she doesn´t like the movie. We propose the “Lozano-Barragan syndrome”* concept, to distinguish those film production organizations that blame thedissatisfied spectator, for the box office failure, as well as, they argued that those spectators didn´tunderstand the movies or that they don´t understand the nature of it. Finally, we make somerecommendations that could de followed by the film production organizations to avoid this syndromeand increase the spectator satisfaction.Keywords. Film production organizations, cultural industry, Lozano-Barragan syndrome,spectators, dissatisfaction. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:The Journal of Aesthetic Education 40.4 (2006) 65-76 MuseSearchJournalsThis JournalContents[Access article in PDF]Identity, Aesthetics, ObjectsGustavo GuerraIn September 1990 UCLA's Wright Art Gallery opened an exhibition entitled Chicano Art: Resistance and Affirmation 1965-1985 (now usually referred to as CARA). While CARA was one of several national events displaying nonmainstream art, it was also distinctive in its politics of self-representation. The artists participating in CARA insisted that they be described as (...) members of a Chicano art movement. With the term Chicano they hoped to step beyond labels preferred by the dominant culture—labels such as Mexican American, Latino, or Hispanic. For these artists, the word Chicano was appealing because it represented a complexity of meanings that they understood as being integral to both their identity and to the art they produced. The word Chicano, as Alicia Gaspar de Alba discusses in Chicano Art Inside/Outside the Master's House,1 embraces multiple meanings and axes of cultural identity; it derives from the Nahuatl pronunciation of Mexicano, often referring to a person of Aztec descent but including, as well, Native American heritage, Mexican roots, and Catholic faith. The CARA artists also embraced the label's association with a politics of liberation, popular protest, and working-class creativity. From the outset, then, the CARA exhibition was more than an art exhibition.By some lights, however, CARA was too much more than an art exhibition. When the organizers realized they needed funds, they applied for a National Endowment of the Humanities (NEH) grant and were initially turned down. While an NEH rejection might mean a number of things, the language of the rejection reports in this case narrows the possibilities down [End Page 65] to an issue that I mean to consider in this article. One rejection report states thatThe panelists understood that Chicano art arose from a variety of political movements and social causes, and therefore the political aspect of this proposal is appropriate to the subject matter.... Even so, the panelists worried that the project makes a political statement, that it is politics masquerading as culture, and that the proposal contains jargon and rhetoric and reads like a manifesto. 2Other reviewers objected to the general language of the report along similar lines. While Chicano artists made a point of representing themselves in complex, multidimensional terms, the NEH found such complexity and multidimensionality perplexing and thus their art not worthy of funding. One referee, for instance, claimed that the terminology used in the proposal was too narrow; he complained that defining Chicano in terms of struggle was too restrictive and excluded other Chicano artists for whom struggle was not a major concern. But later the same reporter objected that some of the concepts in the proposal were not inclusive enough, as they failed to include issues and topics that are central to the Chicano community. Thus the complexity and cluttered characterization that the artists felt was central to their sense of identity was dismissed as either too excessive or as too restrictive. According to the NEH, Chicano artists failed not because of their art (which the referees did describe as "visually compelling") but because of the way in which they chose to identify themselves—because, in other words, of their "rhetoric and jargon." Whatever it was that the NEH found compelling in the Chicano art they found uncompelling in the description of the Chicano artists' lives.After the organizers revised their proposal and reapplied for the grant, they were once again turned down. This second rejection highlights even more clearly the nature of the problem. This second report argues that "[T]here is a disjunction between the organizers' intentions and the exhibition. The proposal does not differentiate clearly between Chicano art and Hispanic art and, in its dependence on self-referential analysis rather than a comparative perspective, the exhibition does not place art in the bigger picture." 3I would like to consider what is at issue when descriptions of identity are said not to work, or when descriptions of art are likewise accused of failure and... (shrink)

Texto presentado en el Congreso Internacional “Recepciones de Ortega y Gasset en Chile” celebrado en el Centro Cultural de España en Santiago durante los días 30 y 31 de mayo de 2018, en Santiago de Chile. Forma parte de la compilación recogida en número especial de la Revista de Filosofía Otrosiglo, en junio del 2023.

This article explores Bernard Stiegler’s philosophical approach to culture in dialogue with Oliver Marchart’s postfoundational framework and conflictual aesthetics. Through the exposition of two different cases of gestural devices, it exposes Stiegler’s potential postfoundational aesthetics as an attempt to establish the necessary conditions for re-thinking the grounded-ungrounded existing relationship between humans, technical objects, and the composition of potential realities to grasp from an autopoietic relationship. These artistic and cultural examples are considered critical concepts that enhance and interrupt the philosophical (...) discourse. The article argues that Stiegler’s aesthetics is committed to the capacity that art, as a technology of the spirit, can contribute as agency in shaping public power, even when these agents are not directly in conflict and develop lesser and fragile performative technics through which a memory becomes present again. (shrink)

El contexto social actual está protagonizado por una ciudadanía diferenciada o multicultural. La titularidad de derechos fundamentales de los sujetos integrantes y el valor de la dignidad humana como valor cualif icado debe regir las relaciones, incluso en el caso de que tales derechos deban ser limitados. Para Ferrajoli son derechos fundamentales todos aquellos derechos subjetivos que corresponden universalmente a todos los seres humanos en cuanto dotados del status de ciudadanos o personas con capacidad de obrar, entendiendo por derecho subjetivo (...) cualquier expectativa positiva o negativa adscrita a un sujeto por una norma jurídica positiva. Los derechos fundamentales son universales y ese universalismo puede relacionarse, según Ferrajoli, con el multiculturalismo. Dicha universalidad no debe entrar en contraposición con la identidad cultural. (shrink)

School violence is a burning issue these days. This book provides an in-depth analysis of violence prevention programs and an assessment of their effectiveness, using data from observations, individual interviews, and focus groups, as well as published data from the schools. It is distinguished by its focus on the cultural and structural context of school violence and violence prevention efforts. Where most other researchers use quantitative measures, such as surveys, to assess the effectiveness of violence prevention programs, the authors (...) of this book use qualitative research and ethnography to study the environment where such programs take place. Thus, this work--one of only a few ethnographic studies of violence prevention programs in schools--links previous quantitative research on the topic and critical ethnography. _Preventing Violence in Schools: A Challenge to American Democracy_: *includes voices of school students, accused of practicing violence, who have been participants in violence prevention programs; *analyzes a citywide peer mediation program ; *examines the kinds of violence recognized in schools and the ways schools themselves may perpetuate violence; and *describes a violence prevention program for students at an alternative school. _Preventing Violence in Schools: A Challenge to American Democracy_ is highly relevant for students in courses on urban education, foundations of education, education and social policy, youth and the law, and qualitative research, and for teachers, administrators, and other professionals, such as school psychologists and guidance counselors, at the middle and high school levels. (shrink)

Resumen: Las cambiantes relaciones entre seres humanos y árboles en los relatos de los habitantes cordilleranos del sur de Chile invitan a revisar los límites de la comunidad moral para incluir en ella a los seres con que se convive y de los que se depende. La presencia de prácticas mapuches cordilleranas de largo aliento junto con las transformaciones experimentadas por las poblaciones madereras y los relatos de las personas que explotaron los árboles nativos se encarnan en conversaciones que invitan (...) a reformular el vínculo con la naturaleza, tomando como referencia la pluralidad de experiencias locales. Estas voces cordilleranas convergen con aquellas orientaciones filosóficas que reconocen al ser humano como parte y no como centro de un entramado vital de mayores y más complejas dimensiones, a la vez que, en un sentido práctico, con la urgencia de generar respuestas que resguarden la naturaleza y que garanticen la inclusión social y la convivencia intercultural.: The changing relations between human and trees open opportunities in the narratives of the south Andean residents to expand the moral duties towards those beings upon whom humans depend and with whom they live. The existence of long lasting Mapuche cultural practices in the mountainous areas along with the transformations of timber towns and the narratives of people who exploited the native trees in those territories prompt a reshaping of the link with nature by means of the creation of moral duties based upon the diversity of local experiences. Such an alternative coincides with those philosophical orientations that recognize humans as part and not as the center of a vital patchwork. At the same time, it relates to the need of alternatives to preserve nature while guaranteeing social inclusion and intercultural coexistence. (shrink)

Durante la última década se ha producido un importante desarrollo de prácticas que formulan propuestas alternativas a los modos de producción, consumo e intercambio dominantes. Este artículo analiza el tejido de prácticas económicas alternativas en la ciudad de Valladolid, una ciudad media alejada de los contextos urbanos sobre los que se ha construido el cuerpo teórico que indaga en el potencial transformador de redes de consumo, mercados de trueque, bancos de tiempo, monedas sociales o huertos comunitarios. El trabajo, consciente del (...) valor del contexto y de la escala, propone para ciudades como la estudiada una relectura que sitúa dicho potencial no en el ámbito económico, sino en el de la práctica y la experiencia social y en el de la cultura política.The last decade has witnessed an important development of practices that involve alternative proposals to the dominant production, consumption and exchange patterns. In the present article, we present an analysis of the interwoven patterns of alternative economic practices in Valladolid, a mid-sized city in Spain. This urban profile differs from the cities that have typically been used to design the body of research on the transformation power that consumer networks, bartering, time banking, social coin and community orchards have. Taking into account the value of both the context and the scale under investigation, this study proposes a reanalysis for these types of cities: under this view, the potential is not placed in the economic sphere but rather in the social practice and experience as well as in the political culture. (shrink)

Rapid tissue donation (RTD) is an advancing oncology research procedure for collecting tumors, metastases, and unaffected tissue 2–6 h after death. Researchers can better determine rates of progression, response to treatment, and polymorphic differences among patients. Cancer patients may inquire about posthumous body donation for research to offer a personal contribution to research; however, there are barriers to recruiting for an RTD program. Physicians must reassure the patient that their treatment options and quality of care will not be compromised due (...) to participating in RTD. In this commentary we discuss how theories of altruism may explain cancer patients’ desire to participate in an RTD program, the ethical concerns of health care professionals and patients and the use of altruism as a recruitment strategy. We offer recommendations for examining the cultural and ethical climate of the institution prior to initiating such a program such as examining the relationship of healthcare professionals and patients, identifying ethical concerns, and examining ways to promote acceptance and buy-in across professionals, patients, and families. (shrink)

Últimamente se viene hablando mucho de “guerra cultural” si bien pocas veces se concreta su significado. Tiene que ver con la batalla por el relato, pero no se limita a este campo. En todo caso, conviene diferenciar este concepto del legítimo debate e intercambio de ideas en pos de la mejora social. Nos encontraríamos por el contrario más cerca de la guerra híbrida, psicológica, cognitiva y el arte de la propaganda llevados a cabo por unos Estados contra (...) otros, pero también por determinados agentes con poder suficiente para imponer la cultura que les interesa y acabar con la del contrario. (shrink)

El término “guerra cultural” parece que ha pasado a formar parte del paisaje intelectual y mediático, si bien normalmente tras su uso suele haber poco más que algunas frases hechas o unos planteamientos vagos que la relacionan con la guerra híbrida de las _fake news_. Resulta difícil encontrar aportaciones novedosas en este campo. Pues bien, el libro que comentamos es una “rara avis” que no sólo se detiene en profundizar en el concepto de guerra cultural, (...) sino que va mucho más allá, hasta el punto de que resulta difícil de calificar. Parte de la definición de “cultura” como “el conjunto de valores, principios, creencias o sobreentendidos que permean, dirigen o sustentan implícita o explícitamente el funcionamiento de una sociedad”. Esta definición puede sorprender a algunos, pero, como el autor muestra, entronca con las concepciones de grandes pensadores, comenzando por el fundador de la antropología académica, Edward Burnett Tylor, y pasando por C.S. Coon o M. Harris. (shrink)

The Brazilian imaginary, impregnated by an ambiguous relationship between the forces of "good" and "evil", caused some Pentecostal churches that spread here to seek this ambiguity in order to attract believers. Emphasizing the spiritual dispute in the form of a "war" in his speeches, Pentecostalism was able to organize the Brazilian religious imaginary, finding in some portions of society the resonance of its message. This systematization of the religious imaginary, which finds in the "Spiritual War" the way of manifesting itself (...) in the Pentecostal milieu, also brings with it important elements of the cultural-religious milieu. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the repercussion of the adaptation of the Brazilian religious imaginary within what is called the "war against the demons" in the Universal Church Of the Kingdom of God. Pentecostal discourse has adapted to a reality where inequality and social ills are transformed by the "Spiritual Battle" into primary causes of the suffering that affects individuals and prevents them from prospering. (shrink)

Concepts of "third culture" (Snow, 1963; Brockman, 1991), "science wars" (Andrew Ross, 1995) and their mutual relationship are reviewed and analyzed from diverse scientific, sociological, historical and philosophical perspectives. An interpretation sets out from the philosophy that implies the plura..

A última década da Guerra Fria foi turbulenta. Seu início apresentou tensão comparável àquela existente nos anos 1950 e princípio dos 1960. A partir de meados dos anos 1980, entretanto, houve distensão, o fim da Guerra Fria e a desintegração do próprio sistema internacional bipolar de poder. O cinema, como outras formas de produção cultural, foi instrumento de propaganda e mobilização durante toda a Guerra Fria. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como a Guerra Fria (...) se apresentou nos filmes de maior bilheteria nos EEUU na década de 1980. O inimigo comunista é examinado nesses longas-metragens tendo como base a retórica reaganista do período.The Cold War and the Communist Enemy on the US Movie Theater Screens in the 1980s The last decade of the Cold War was a turbulent one. Its beginning showed tension comparable to that of the 1950s and early 1960s. As of the mid-1980s, however, there was a détente, the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the bipolar international power system. Movies, like other forms of cultural production, were tools for propaganda and mobilization throughout the Cold War. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the Cold War was shown in the 1980s movies with the highest box-office sales in the US. The Communist enemy is examined in these feature films according to the Reaganist rhetoric of the period. Resumen La Guerra Fría y el enemigo comunista en los cines norteamericanos de los años 1980 La última década de la Guerra Fría fue turbulenta. Su inicio presentó una tensión comparable a la existente en los años 1950 y principios de los años 1960. Sin embargo, a partir de mediados de los años 1980, hubo distensión, el fin de la Guerra Fría y la desintegración del propio sistema internacional bipolar de poder. El cine, como otras formas de producción cultural, fue instrumento de propaganda y movilización durante toda la Guerra Fría. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo la Guerra Fría se presentó en las películas de mayor taquilla en EEUU en la década de los 80'. El enemigo comunista es examinado en esos largometrajes, teniendo como base la retórica reaganista del período. (shrink)

Existe una guerra cultural que pretende la destrucción de Occidente utilizando como caballo de Troya el enemigo interno del “virus cultural posmoderno”. Se analiza el origen complejo de dicho virus, con más de una cepa, sin descartar la posibilidad de que fuera diseñado en un laboratorio. Apelando a acabar con las verdades fuertes, el “pensamiento culturalmente correcto”impone su propia verdad fuerte sin buscar acuerdo ni síntesis con quien piensa diferente. Se examinan sus principales variantes que se caracterizan (...) por la ausencia de límites y un exceso de contradicciones que producen el aumento de la polaridad, la confusión y la fragilidad. Para contrarrestar todo ello, el artículo plantea algunas posibles vacunas en torno a la idea de un renacimiento cultural y un nuevo equilibrio entre modernidad y tradición. (shrink)

La guerra no es una actividad necesariamente sangrienta, pero sí necesariamente política. Esta, en tanto que actividad del espíritu y sentimiento, anida en las mentes de quienes toman parte en ella. En el mundo del siglo XXI el incremento de relaciones e intereses compartidos hace difícil que las guerras puedan ser totales; lo que existe es una zona gris en la que se plasma la rivalidad de los diferentes actores en planos concretos. Narrativas e imágenes son fundamentales como herramientas (...) de persuasión política. En este sentido también son elementos del _Soft Power_, entre ellas la Historia, que puede ser instrumentada como la mejor de las narrativas. Estas permiten controlar la agenda informativa y, a su vez, la realidad, así como crear los sobreentendidos que sirven a las Relaciones Internacionales y ayudan a la implementación de las políticas. El dominio cultural y, sobre todo, la cinematografía son elementos claves en tal propósito, porque no importan los hechos tanto como su percepción, su memoria y recuerdo. (shrink)

La dirección de Nemesio Antúnez entre 1962 y 1964, y las administraciones que le siguieron en el Museo de Arte Contemporáneo (MAC), son un caso ejemplar de las dinámicas político-culturales desarrolladas durante la Guerra Fría. Este artículo analiza esta gestión museal desde la historia intelectual y la historia cultural, trabajando las redes de pensamiento que rodearon a Antúnez y la disquisición entre su programación y la influencia norteamericana en ese momento, atendiendo a cómo el MAC se involucró en (...) la guerra fría cultural. De esta manera se busca aportar al conocimiento de las tramas institucionales que se dieron entre la intelectualidad periférica y los centros metropolitanos durante uno de los periodos claves del siglo XX, presentando ciertos programas expositivos que respondieron al impulso de los EE. UU. de inserción ideológica. (shrink)

Este artigo tem por objetivo criticar a teoria do modelo ocidental de guerra, proposta por Hanson, a partir do que a historiografia tem identificado como seus principais problemas: a alegada continuidade da arte da guerra ocidental através dos séculos, começando com os gregos antigos; e o chamado “contraste asiático”, com alguns dos seus desdobramentos. Assim, o texto está dividido em três seções: 1) a apresentação e os méritos da teoria de Hanson; 2) suas bases clássicas, ou a ênfase (...) da arte da guerra grega na batalha decisiva como uma “escolha cultural”; 3) as críticas pertinentes. (shrink)

La dirección de Nemesio Antúnez entre 1962 y 1964, y las administraciones que le siguieron en el Museo de Arte Contemporáneo (MAC), son un caso ejemplar de las dinámicas político-culturales desarrolladas durante la Guerra Fría. Este artículo analiza esta gestión museal desde la historia intelectual y la historia cultural, trabajando las redes de pensamiento que rodearon a Antúnez y la disquisición entre su programación y la influencia norteamericana en ese momento, atendiendo a cómo el MAC se involucró en (...) la guerra fría cultural. De esta manera se busca aportar al conocimiento de las tramas institucionales que se dieron entre la intelectualidad periférica y los centros metropolitanos durante uno de los periodos claves del siglo XX, presentando ciertos programas expositivos que respondieron al impulso de los EE. UU. de inserción ideológica. (shrink)

This article explores Max Weber’s ideas about a «successful peace» that he exposed during World War I. For Weber, a successful peace depended essentially on important domestic reforms and a fundamental reorganisation of the German Reich, more than on the foreign policy dimension. Analysing Weber’s “ideas of 1918” – opposed to the so-called “ideas of 1914” – this paper focuses on three aspects: nation and citizenship, Prussia, German tradition, history and political culture.

O artigo apresenta apontamentos sobre “marketing de guerra santa ” , o planejamento estratégico de gerenciamento de mercado religioso aplicado por algumas das igrejas cristãs da contemporaneidade. Vale-se de reflexões a partir de observação participante e de consulta a bibliografia especializada. Apontam-se algumas das formas com as quais essas igrejas se midiatizam e se inserem num contexto de espetacularização e mercadorização próprios da sociedade do tempo presente e imediato. O mercado religioso no qual se inserem as agências que praticam (...) este tipo de marketing passa por contextos de adequação ao capital simbólico e ao arcabouço cultural dos fiéis, sendo possível identificar o investimento ideológico e econômico na fabricação e veiculação de suas estratégias, discursos e mercadorias. O objetivo é o de perceber algumas das maneiras com as quais firmas religiosas (tomando como maior exemplo as igrejas neopentecostais) veiculam as mercadorias que produzem ou se apropriam, e os discursos que reverberam, relacionando-os a uma cultura de massa e a uma sociedade espetacular; fomentando a discussão sobre como tais igrejas e outros segmentos religiosos aplicam o marketing de guerra santa para melhor posicionarem sua marca no mercado e conquistarem mais fiéis. Palavras-chave : Marketing de guerra santa. Neopentecostalismo. Mídia. Mercado. Espetáculo da fé.This article presents some notes on Jesus´ marketing, strategic planning of management of religious market applied by some of contemporary Christian churches. For this purpose, the reflections from participant observation and literature on the subject are validated. Some of the ways these churches mediate themselves and are part of a context of spectacle and commoditization are also pointed out. The religious market has adequate to the symbolic capital and to the cultural framework of the participants of the churches. Because of that it is possible to identify the ideological and economic investment in the manufacturing and delivery of their strategies, discourses and products. This article aims to highlight some of the ways in which neo-Pentecostal churches convey the goods they produce and the speeches that reflect them, relating them to a mass culture and a society of the spectacle. Finally, the article wants to encourage the debate on the ways these churches apply the marketing of Jesus in order to co-opt their members and flatten their units Keywords : Holy War’s marketing. Neopentecostalism. Media. Market. Show of faith. (shrink)

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de analizar el libro de viajes de uno de los corresponsales que el periódico británico The Morning Chronicle envió para cubrir la Primera Guerra Carlista. John Moore, Poco Mas, como hicieron muchos otros periodistas contemporáneos, utiliza sus notas tomadas en el campo de batalla y sus reflexiones para publicar, años más tarde, una visión personal del conflicto que, además, refleje las características de un país y una sociedad diferente a la propia, con sus (...) peculiares costumbres y su reacción ante un conflicto que estaba mermando su población, agotando sus recursos y destruyendo su valiosísimo acervo cultural. (shrink)

The question of how we should engage with a philosopher’s racial thought is of particular importance when considering Kant, who can be viewed as particularly representative of Enlightenment philosophy. In this article I argue that we should take a stance of deep acknowledgment when considering Kant’s work both inside and outside the classroom. Taking a stance of deep acknowledgment should be understood as 1) taking Kant’s racial thought to be reflective of his moral character, 2) Kant being accountable for his (...) racial thought and 3) being willing to consider the possibility that Kant’s racial thought is consistent with and inextricable from his moral philosophy. Alternative forms of engaging with Kant’s racial work have either moral or pedagogical failings, which range from simply teaching the history of philosophy uncritically to outright deception. A stance of deep acknowledgement will allow philosophers to understand how Kant’s racial thought interacts with his moral philosophy and allow instructors to teach philosophy in a historically contextualized approach so as to not alienate students whose demographic was disparaged by Kant. (shrink)

Este trabajo tiene como propósito demostrar que la voz indígena presente en Cautiverio feliz y razón individual de las guerras dilatadas del reino de Chile no es una reivindicación de la alteridad sino un instrumento discursivo útil para la consecución del objetivo textual del cronista. Para ello, examinaremos las interferencias -voluntarias o involuntarias- de la voz del soldado Francisco Núñez de Pineda y Bascuñán en el trasvase lingüístico y cultural que hace en el registro letrado de la memoria araucana. (...) Durante su cautiverio, el cronista tiene acceso a la oralidad que la configura y al modo en que se transmite entre los miembros del grupo. Irrumpirá en este proceso -como actor, durante su experiencia, y en su memorial, décadas más tarde- desde un imaginario criollo que, a pesar de haber madurado en la multicultural frontera araucana, conserva motivaciones de lucha de un pensamiento etnocéntrico. The purpose of this paper is to show that the Indian voice included in Happy Captivity and Reason for the Prolonged Wars of the Kingdom of Chile is not a recognition of otherness, but a useful discursive instrument for achieving the chronicler’s text objective. To that end, we examine the voluntary and involuntary interferences of the soldier’s voice of Francisco Núñez de Pineda y Bascuñán within the written cultural and linguistic transfer from the Araucanian memory. During his captivity, the chronicler has access to its oral configuration and the way in which it is passed on to the members of the group. He interferes in this process -as an actor, during his experience, and as a memory writer a few decades later- and he always does it from a Creole imaginary that retains the fight motivations of ethnocentric thinking, despite having been shaped in the multicultural Araucanian frontier. (shrink)

Este artigo busca analisar o modo pelo qual a concepção de angolanidade interage com o mais recente processo de angolanização da economia angolana. É realizada uma breve abordagem histórica acerca das políticas culturais e também uma contextualização relativamente à economia política de Angola, abarcando dos anos da luta pela independência angolana até os dias atuais. O trabalho dedica especial ênfase aos anos do pós-guerra civil, quando o tema das políticas culturais, bem como o processo de angolanização, ganham maior ênfase (...) na agenda governamental e, por sua vez, encontram potencialidades e vulnerabilidades ao se relacionar com a histórica construção da angolanidade enquanto identidade nacional. O trabalho explora o modo pelo qual as concepções de angolanidade e angolanização ultrapassam os espectros das políticas públicas que visam, respectivamente, ao setor cultural e ao setor econômico, de modo que transcendem tais fronteiras e integram um complexo governativo que expõe as urgências e a dinamicidade da construção da nação angolana em um contexto pluriétnico. Palavras-chave: cultura; políticas culturais; nacionalismo; angolanidade; angolanização. (shrink)

Since the Arab Spring of 2011, the cultural heritage of the Middle East has faced a serious threat, as Daesh (ISIS) and other extremist organizations turned archaeological sites into a financing tool. In 2016, around 100,000 cultural objects of great importance, including 4,500 archaeological sites, nine of which are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, were under the control of the Islamic State in Syria and Iraq. However, not only these extremist groups are included in these dynamics. (...) Part of the population of these countries does not hesitate to carry out this type of activity to get ahead. (shrink)

Collective apologies on behalf of governments to historically mistreated minorities have become more common. It is unclear, however, how we should respond to these apologies and other practices that invoke collective responsibility for oppression (chapter 1). I review the current literature on collective responsibility to better understand the obstacles facing an account of collective responsibility for oppression (chapter 2). I then argue that we can make sense of these practices by holding powerful organized collectives (chapter 3) and privileged disorganized collectives (...) (chapter 4) responsible for oppression. These practices then can be what I call “morally legitimate” if they are confessions of self-blame, and this self-blame contains an element of collective-self protest (chapter 5). (shrink)

Ejes de la territorialidad patriarcal -- Fronteras y antifaces del signo mujer -- En el flujo heterogéneo de la liberación.

The denial of voting rights to certain types of persons continues to be a moral problem of practical significance. The disenfranchisement of persons with mental impairments, minors, noncitizen residents, nonresident citizens, and criminal offenders is a matter of controversy. This book makes a contribution to this largely neglected yet key topic.

This text discusses and makes a statement about theoretical appropriations of Nietzsche’s philosophy, according to different, and often opposite, political positions that brought them about. Then a reading of Nietzsche that emphasizes, from the criticism to nationalism, dogmatism and ethnic, cultural or political identity’s stiffness, his esteem for an agonistic politics is defended. Such reading would now allow us a Nietzschean defence of democratic political practices characterized by respect to difference, antagonism and conflict.

En el siguiente trabajo nos proponemos abordar el caso argentino en el que la historieta operó como un primer vehículo de representación por parte de la industria cultural de un acontecimiento traumático social, mas precisamente de los tópicos o marcas de la dictadura de 1976. Específicamente trabajaremos el caso particular de la revista "Fierro, historieta para sobrevivientes" (1984-1992) durante los años de la transición a la democracia, es decir entre 1984 y 1985. Asimismo hemos elegido de entre todas las (...) historietas publicadas, la serie "Batalla de las Malvinas" (1984), con guión de Ricardo Barreiro, y dibujos de Carlos Pedrazzini, Alberto Macagno y Marcelo Pérez. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de repensar el lugar de la historieta como representación válida del pasado reciente, una representación que incluso puede provocar una mirada crítica y aportar a la consolidación de la memoria. (shrink)