This study investigated relationships between state anxiety and leisure-domain physical activity levels during Covid-19 pandemic. We used frequency, duration, and intensity as key variables of physical activity. Trait anxiety, state anxiety before pandemic, age, gender, and education level were also included in the analysis. Our general hypothesis was that participants who declared doing more physical activity levels would exhibit lower levels of anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic. A convenient sample of 571 volunteer adults was drawn mainly from São Paulo State, (...) the epicenter of Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. To obtain the participants’ levels of anxiety we used a validated short-version of the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory. Levels of physical activity were measured via questions from VIGITEL, a validated questionnaire about the individual’s habits on risk factors. Answers were given regarding the first week of March 2020 and at the very moment the participant was filling in the electronic form. Data analyses were conducted through descriptive and inferential techniques, with the use of non-parametric tests and linear regression models. Overall, participants’ responses indicate that anxiety levels were higher during the pandemic compared to the period that preceded the pandemic, and that frequent and long physical activity in the leisure-domain reduced anxiety, regardless its intensity. The regression models revealed an inverse relationship between physical activity and anxiety and independent of gender, age, education level, trait anxiety, and physical activity before pandemic. (shrink)

Ontologies have been successfully used to assign semantics in the Semantic Web context, to support integration of data from different systems or different sources, and to enable reasoning. However, building ontologies is not a trivial task. Ontology reuse can help in this matter. The search and selection of ontologies to be reused should consider the alignment between their scope and the scope of the ontology being developed. In this paper, we discuss how goal modeling can be helpful in this context (...) and we present GO-FOR, a framework in which goals are the central elements to promote ontology reuse. GO-FOR comprises a conceptual architecture, a goal-oriented ontology development process and a supporting tool. In GO-FOR we introduce Goal-Oriented Ontology Patterns as a new type of pattern to be applied to develop ontologies in a goal-oriented approach. Results of the use of GO-FOR to build an ontology used to integrate patient examination data are also shown in this paper. (shrink)

Resenha do livro: WOLFF, Francis. ARISTÓTELES E A POLÍTICA. São Paulo: Discurso Editorial, 1999.

This paper discusses the communicability of musical listening, proposes a semanalytical perspective to approach it in terms of communicational production, and summarizes an analysis of the production of musical listenings in the case of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony. Instead of assuming that verbal talk on music banalizes listening, or that musical arrangers are the privileged authorities when it comes to transmitting a personal listening, our suggestion is that communication produces – in the post-structuralist sense of the word – musical listenings even (...) when it seems to simply try and account for it. In a transmissive, “phenotextual” comprehension, listening may be understood as a phenomenological, receptive act that pre-exists its communication. Instead, our communicational research on musical listening turns to the listening-accounts in order to grasp the “listenabilities” as they emerge within specific listening-territories that “genotextually” produce their regulations and habits. This semiotic production is methodologically investigated, here, in terms of interpretant signs, especially as Normal Interpretants, within a particular listening-territory. Three remarks are made on the genotextual operations that produce “insufficiency,” “monumentality,” and “distinção” as listening normalities. (shrink)

A Etnomatemática, segundo Ubiratan D’Ambrosio, constitui uma subárea da História da Matemática e da Educação Matemática politicamente engajada, voltada para transformação social e para a recuperação da dignidade cultural dos indivíduos. Entretanto, em um dos momentos mais críticos para o povo brasileiro, em plena crise sanitária e econômica da pandemia de Covid-19, por uma infeliz coincidência, atravessamos uma ampla reforma curricular impulsionada publicação da “Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC”, em 2018, documento norteador dos currículos nacionais que ignorou a História (...) da Matemática, bem como nossa grande tradição em pesquisa e ensino etnomatemáticos. Por outro lado, os documentos curriculares complementares publicados em 2019: “Referenciais Curriculares para a Elaboração de Itinerários Formativos” e “Temas Contemporâneos Transversais na BNCC: Contexto Histórico e Pressupostos Pedagógicos” colocaram os professores brasileiros diante de um vazio fértil, repleto de desafios e possibilidades. Discutir esse cenário educacional é o objetivo central deste artigo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, que se debruça sobre documentos curriculares brasileiros e pesquisas embasadas na Etnomatemática, para tentar responder à nossa questão de pesquisa “Quais os principais desafios e possibilidades para a promoção da Etnomatemática na Educação Básica brasileira, no contexto da atual reforma curricular, em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar?”. Nosso foco é a rede estadual de ensino de São Paulo, por se tratar da maior rede de ensino do Brasil e por ser uma das primeiras e elaborar um currículo pautado pela BNCC, além de um projeto próprio para a exploração dos temas curriculares transversais, implantação e implementação do Novo Ensino Médio. Nossos resultados mostram que, apesar do engessamento curricular promovido pela BNCC, ainda existe margem para desenvolvimento de propostas educacionais que contemplem as necessidades locais, que respeite as diferenças regionais e as peculiaridades da cultura escolar, em uma perspectiva etnomatemática. (shrink)

Estudo sobre como a Divisão de Censura e Diversões Públicas tratou o documentário brasileiro produzido nos anos de 1960/70 e 1980. Ao analisar os pareceres de censura de 23 filmes – documentos disponíveis no site do projeto Memória da censura no cinema brasileiro 1964-1988 – optou-se por estudar os casos de O país de São Saruê e Iracema, uma transa amazônica. Nas décadas de 1960/70 presenciamos o surgimento de um novo documentarismo que buscava retratar o “Brasil profundo”, o país das (...) desigualdades que tanto se conflitava com a imagem desenvolvimentista que a propaganda da ditadura difundia. Ao analisar a censura a estes filmes constatou-se que as dinâmicas censórias se valeram tanto de questões morais quanto de posicionamentos políticos-ideológicos. (shrink)

The main source of Archytas, fr. 1 Diels-Kranz is Porphyr. in Ptol. harmon. p. 56,5–57,27 Düring; there is also an extensive quotation of its initial part in Nicomachus, Introd. Arithm. p. 6,16–7,5 Hoche. In recent years both the text and the interpretation of this fragment, whose authenticity was questioned by W. Burkert, have been re-examined, and a good deal of progress has been made especially by paying more attention to the nature of Nicomachus' quotation and its context.

The little we know with certainty about Eupolis' Marikas can be summarised in a few lines. The play was produced at the Lenaea of 421 b.c. The demagogue Hyperbolus was satirised under the name of Marikas, and was represented as a man of little or no culture . Marikas/Hyperbolus was a slave. This has been denied in the past, but is now made clear by the commentary on the Marikas in P. Oxy. 2741 πρς [ν] δεσπότην Ὑπέρβολος. Aristophanes complained in (...) the Clouds we possess that Eupolis had availed himself of the Knights for his Marikas , and it is in fact possible that the idea of Marikas as a slave was borrowed from the Knights, because some of his traits seem to correspond to those of the Aristophanic Sausage-seller. The play apparently had two semi-choruses, one of rich and one of poor people. The point of the name Marikas has long been debated. Ancient sources are at least agreed that it is ‘barbarian’. Herodianus 1.50,12 Lentz does not go beyond stating that Marikas is an νομα βάρβαρον παρ τ κωμικ . Hesych. μ 283 Latte has more to offer: Μαρικν· κίναιδον. ο δ ποκόρισμα παιδίου ρρενος βαρβαρικόν. (shrink)

Pensar a política como um espaço agonístico implica compreendê-la abrangendo todo o âmbito do conflito. A figura do inimigo é parte deste âmbito, mas o conflito não pode ser reduzido a tal figura. Em O Conceito do Político, Carl Schmitt estabelece um campo próprio da política que acaba por ter na figura do inimigo um ponto central. Partindo desse escrito, analisaremos a constituição de um campo próprio da política, pensada de modo agonístico,a partir da descrição da totalidade do espaço do (...) conflito. (shrink)

The present work proposes to investigate, through an analysis of certain artistic works, the reasons that led Giovanni of Capestrano to be included, or not included, in the Franciscan family tree. After engaging the same theme with respect to the early martyrs of the Order of Friars Minor,1 and, more recently, the representation of Saint Louis of Toulouse in the subject under investigation,2 this investigation of the figure of the friar from Abruzzo represents a further opportunity to propose certain artistic (...) examples - and doing so without any pretense of an exhaustive presentation, in light of the limits of space allowed here - in the hopes of proposing a path for future research that might be followed in later... (shrink)

This essay discusses postpartum abortion from the perspective of E. Lévinas' concepts of alterity and responsibility. It presents a notion of postpartum abortion to then verify if the ethical impasses presented by the theme can be answered in the light of Lévinas.

A questão da representação é central para Carl Schmitt. Em mais de um escrito, tal questão é analisada com detalhes. Além disso, é um tópico recorrente em intérpretes da obra schmittiana. Nosso propósito nesse artigo é voltar à elaboração da noção de representação em Schmitt. Veremos como ele apresenta tal noção, principalmente em sua Teoria da Constituição. A partir da exposição da análise schmittiana, realizaremos uma crítica ao modo como ele elabora tal ideia, apresentando uma maneira distinta de ver a (...) questão: não haveria uma separação entre representação e identidade, como quer Schmitt, mas representação seria ela mesma identidade. A partir dessa crítica, podemos perceber os limites da visão de Schmitt, além de evidenciar os motivos que o levaram a tal noção de representação. (shrink)

This study analyzes how poetic procedures used in Psalm 9,12-21 emphasize imprecations in these verses. The issue of imprecations in the Psalms is always subject to be studied, discussed and digested. In addition to the general problem of imprecations – something omnipresent in the Psalter –, exegetes always must face the imprecations of each specific poem. This requires a careful examination of the devices that the psalmist uses. For this formal approach, the second part of Psalm 9 offers interesting and (...) rich material, since the various poetic and rhetorical resources are in function of theology, that is, they delineate the theological profiles for the three main characters involved in the conflict: the psalmist, enemies and YHWH. This study is mainly, but not exclusively, synchronic; the translation was made directly from the Hebrew, so keep as closely as possible the poetic and rhetorical devices used by the psalmist. A theological synthesis closes the analysis by way of conclusion. (shrink)

“Only a small community has concentratedon general intelligence. No one has tried to make a thinking machine... The bottom line is that we really haven’t progressed too far toward a truly intelligent machine. We have collections of dumb specialists in small domains; the true majesty of general intelligence still awaits our attack.... We have got to get back to the deepest questions of AI and general intelligence... ” –MarvinMinsky as interviewed in Hal’s Legacy, edited by David Stork, 2000. Our goal (...) in creating this edited volume has been to?ll an apparent gap in the scienti?c literature, by providing a coherent presentation of a body of contemporary research that, in spite of its integral importance, has hitherto kept a very low pro?le within the scienti?c and intellectual community. This body of work has not been given a name before; in this book we christen it “Arti?cial General Intelligence”. What distinguishes AGI work from run-of-the-mill “arti?cial intelligence” research is that it is explicitly focused on engineering general intelligence in the short term. We have been active researchers in the AGI?eld for many years, and it has been a pleasure to gather together papers from our colleagues working on related ideas from their own perspectives. In the Introduction we give a conceptual overview of the AGI?eld, and also summarize and interrelate the key ideas of the papers in the subsequent chapters. (shrink)

The definition of the technique as the mediation between man and nature raises some philosophical problems. Such mediation was established based on imperatives, among which we can highlight efficiency and domination, both exercised over nature. In order to expand the possibilities for improving the human condition, the notion of technical progress has become an emerging need for the consolidation of ancient and modern civilizations. However, it is necessary to establish the criteria for a critique of the limits of unrestrained progress (...) in order to be able to highlight the ambiguity of this process. The development of reality goes through a series of increasingly sophisticated domains without which the objective achievements that structure human life would not be possible. As it oscillates more and more rapidly between production and destruction, technology - understood as the applied discourse of technique - accuses its own limit when submitted to the imperative of efficiency and domination. The purpose of this paper is to show that the ambiguous consequences of technical progress work as an instinctive mechanism for both the welfare state and the state of war. The methodology used to address these issues will be the clash of ideas present in the studies of thinkers who reflected the theme of the technique. Our conclusion, in addition to pointing to a reflection on the limits of technique in human life, intends to rethink the unfolding of the imperatives of a civilization guided by the notion of technical progress and its inevitable contradiction with the notion of human progress. (shrink)

Este artigo tem como objetivo apontar algumas relações entre a teoria do reconhecimento de Hegel e a teoria psicológica de Vygotsky. Aqui serão apresentadas duas hipóteses. A primeira é que Vygotsky foi profundamente influenciado por Hegel. Esse fato da obra vygotskyana não é muito destacado por seus intérpretes, mas pode ser confirmado nos próprios textos do autor. Uma segunda hipótese: a estrutura teórica desenvolvida por Vygotsky está vinculada ao quadro teórico do reconhecimento elaborado por Hegel. Analisaremos algumas passagens das obras (...) dos dois teóricos que evidenciam as hipóteses levantadas. (shrink)

Este artigo tem como objetivo explicitar a complexa relação entre unidade e pluralismo no pensamento político de Carl Schmitt. Tal discussão será feita a partir dos textos O Conceito do Político (Der Begriff des Politischen) e Staatsethik und pluralistischer Staat. Se por um lado, Schmitt confronta-se com a realidade pluralista das sociedades contemporâneas e com o perigo do deslocamento do político para fora da dimensão do Estado, por outro lado, o jurista insiste na procura por uma unidade substancial que transcenda (...) o mero acordo entre as diferentes associações e grupos que compõem a sociedade. (shrink)

Num ensaio inacabado de J. Chasin, intitulado O futuro ausente, o filósofo busca traçar a noção de politicidade do mundo Antigo ao mundo contemporâneo – embora interrompa seu material em Hobbes. Uma das questões suscitas por Chasin envolve a discussão sobre o apreço da natureza objetiva em contrapartida a uma forma idealizada da vida contemplativa, portanto, da filosofia moral do trecento ao quattrocento renascentistas. Tendo como ponto de partida a elaboração de Chasin, este artigo avança sobre a história das polêmicas (...) médica e astrológicas que tomaram forma no universo renascentista. Se, por um lado, Ernst Cassirer elabora uma tese sobre a originalidade de Nicolau de Cusa, por outro, deixa passar um aspecto primordial quando contrapõe sua filosofia à de Pico: o embate sobre a polêmica astrológica nasce no bojo da discussão do livre-arbítrio, portanto, da tentativa de impugnação da astrologia divinatória por considerá-la uma teleologia da natureza que se contrapunha teleologia teológica. Não obstante a inexistência de uma ruptura epistemológica proposta por Cassirer, o desenvolvimento da filosofia renascentista atestou a luta contraditória pela observação empírica da realidade. (shrink)

The costs of agricultural inputs added to those of labor represent almost a third of the total cost of Brazilian sugarcane production. This study analyzes the behavior of the price per ton of sugarcane in Brazil, relating it to the main production costs of this cultivation. Twelve price indicators from January 2015 to December 2020 were evaluated. First, the data were adjusted to a multiple linear regression model to identify the significant variables on variation in the price per ton of (...) sugarcane. Then, the Monte Carlo simulation was used to measure the level of certainty of occurrence of these variables, and forecasts were obtained from the adjustment of ARIMA models. The results showed the influence of the costs of diesel oil, two agricultural pesticides, and daily laborers on the price of sugarcane, besides an increasing trend of its, providing relevant short-term projections for decision-making about investments in the agribusiness sector. (shrink)

O artigo reflete sobre os modos como os discursos constituem realidades sociais e subjetividades nos processos de lutas simbólicas e materiais por imposição de significados e discute os modos como uma professora negra organiza microlutas discursivas na tentativa de constituir-se enquanto sujeito. Para tanto, utilizam-se os estudos foucaultianos para analisar o fenômeno do poder e as técnicas de resistência a esses fenômenos.

Comment devient-on philosophe? Par quel sursaut un Aristoclès se fait-il Platon, jusqu'à s'imposer dans la liste des " auteurs philo " Il faut enquêter, non pas sur la vie privée, mais sur la vie intime : rumination intellectuelle, ton sur lequel on parle, motivations amoureuses... Ce qui fait un philosophe, c'est un immense travail sur soi, et la rencontre d'autres philosophes, vivants, de leurs problématiques. Mémoire sémantique + obsession métaphysique, voilà le code génétique du philosophe. Il débute par un attentat (...) religieux, puisqu'il commence sa carrière en niant tel ou tel sacré. Bien sûr, il vaut mieux être mâle, communiquer par les livres adopter la langue dominante, écrire quand on est célibataire. Comment gagner sa vie? Pas forcément en étant enseignant, comme c'est le cas aujourd'hui. Le profil du philosophe nous le révèle orphelin, vivant à l'étranger, souvent laid, jamais fou, et serial thinker, prêt à changer de philosophie pourvu qu'il reste, lui, à menacer le monde donnera ou donnera pas du sens à notre vie? Le philosophe est l'être inquiet qui pense inquiéter l'Être par deux trois mots bien aiguisés. (shrink)