Metal roof enclosure system is an important part of steel structure construction. In recent years, it has been widely used in large-scale public or industrial buildings such as stadiums, airport terminals, and convention centers. Affected by bad weather, various types of accidents on metal roofs frequently occurred, causing huge property losses and adverse effects. Because of wide span, long service life and hidden fault of metal roof, the manual inspection of metal roof has low efficiency, poor real-time performance, and it (...) is difficult to find hidden faults. On the basis of summarizing the working principle of metal roof and cause of accidents, this paper classifies the fault types of metal roofs in detail and establishes a metal roof monitoring and fault diagnosis system using distributed multisource heterogeneous sensors and Zigbee wireless sensor networks. Monitoring data from strain gauge, laser ranging sensor, and ultrasonic ranging sensor is utilized comprehensively. By extracting time domain feature, the data trend characteristics and correlation characteristics are analyzed and fused to eliminate erroneous data and find superficial faults such as sensor drift and network interruption. Aiming to the hidden faults including plastic deformation and bolt looseness, an SVM fault diagnosis algorithm based on RBF kernel function is designed and applied to diagnose metal roof faults. The experimental results show that the RBF-SVM algorithm can achieve high classification accuracy. (shrink)

This study investigated the role of theme-based blocks play in enhancing Chinese children’s language capacity with a quasi-experiment. Altogether 61 young children were assigned to the experiment group and the control group. The experiment group was engaged in a 12-week theme-based block play intervention programs, whereas the control group received no interventions but free block play during the parallel time sessions. All the children were tested with the Language Assessment for Preschool Children before and after the intervention. The ANCOVA results (...) indicated that the experimental group significantly improved in LAPC test, whereas the control group showed no significant change. The educational implications of these findings are discussed. (shrink)

In the paper some varieties E s n of BCK-algebras with condition defined by W. H. Cornish [1] are considered. A characterization of simple algebras in E s 2 is given and some properties of simple algebras in E s 3 are indicated.

Dialectical thinking refers to a constellation of beliefs that consist of expectation of change, tolerance of contradiction, and holism. The current research explored whether dialectical thinking would affect people’s anticipation of climate change, which has been propagated globally. Study 1 compared the responses between Chinese participants, representing people from cultures that promote dialectical thinking, and North American participants, representing people from cultures that promote linear thinking. The results showed that Chinese participants demonstrated a stronger non-linear pattern regarding the anticipation of (...) climate change as compared with American participants, in which Chinese participants were more likely to anticipate a stable trend but less likely to anticipate an increasing trend for global warming. Study 2 with a manipulation of dialectical and linear thinking was conducted and provided some generally supportive evidence for the causal relation between dialectical beliefs and the anticipation of climate change. Implications for cross-cultural environmental research and international climate change education programs were discussed. (shrink)

PurposeChildhood onset speech fluency disorder is possibly related to dopaminergic dysfunction. Mesencephalic hyperechogenicity detected by transcranial ultrasound might be seen as an indirect marker of dopaminergic dysfunction. We here determined whether adults who stutter since childhood show ME.MethodsWe performed TCS in ten AWS and ten matched adults who never stuttered. We also assessed motor performance in finger tapping and in the 25 Foot Walking test.ResultsCompared to controls, AWS showed enlarged ME on either side. Finger tapping was slower in AWS. Walking (...) cadence, i.e., the ratio of number of steps by time, tended to be higher in AWS than in control participants.DiscussionThe results demonstrate a motor deficit in AWS linked to dopaminergic dysfunction and extending beyond speech. Since iron deposits evolve in childhood and shrink thereafter, ME might serve as an easily quantifiable biomarker helping to predict the risk of persistency in children who stutter. (shrink)

The perception of the relationship between humans and nature is important for promoting not only pro-environmental behaviors but also psychological well-being. The present research explored how people’s self-construal would moderate the relationship between the need to belong, the desire for social acceptance and connectedness and perceived nature relatedness. Two studies using community samples with diverse demographic characteristics in two different cultures obtained consistent findings. The results showed that independent self-construal, which emphasizes separateness from others in the social contexts, moderated the (...) relationship between the need to belong and nature relatedness. Specifically, the need to belong was negatively associated with nature relatedness among people with a stronger independent self-construal, while this pattern was not significant among those with a weaker independent self-construal. No evidence for the moderating role of interdependent self-construal was found in the two studies. These findings highlighted the importance of non-nature experience in understanding people’s perception of human–nature relationships. (shrink)

Scholarly dissertations dealing with the Jesuit educational system in Poland would more frequently emphasize the aspects of its decline rather than those of its prosperity. More recent research, however, based on numerous sources, enables one to see this system in a new, more objective light as well as giving an unbiased picture of the situation. Written by Roman Darowski SJ, eminent specialist in scholastic philosophy, it is the first work to be devoted to the philosophy of Polish Jesuits, which was (...) inseparable from their scholarly and didactic activities. It spans the last three decades of the sixteenth century and a few years of the seventeenth century, i.e. the beginning of the activity of the Societas Jesu in this country. (shrink)

Scholarly dissertations dealing with the Jesuit educational system in Poland would more frequently emphasize the aspects of its decline rather than those of its prosperity. More recent research, however, based on numerous sources, enables one to see this system in a new, more objective light as well as giving an unbiased picture of the situation. Written by Roman Darowski SJ, eminent specialist in scholastic philosophy, it is the first work to be devoted to the philosophy of Polish Jesuits, which was (...) inseparable from their scholarly and didactic activities. It spans the last three decades of the sixteenth century and a few years of the seventeenth century, i.e. the beginning of the activity of the Societas Jesu in this country. (shrink)

The contemporary development of socialist economy is featured not only by high dynamics, but also by essential structural and qualitative changes. The economic policy and the socialist planning in particular tendtowards optimalization of economic growth, then to engage for its proper directions, structure and rythmicality. The every year growing national product ought to be, as it is possible, most suitable and useful for implementation of threefold objective: 1° the better satisfaction with the necessities of population, 2° the quicker modernization of (...) the national economy, and 3° the effective development of the foreign trade as well as the international cooperation.The superiority of a set of social criteria is becoming the general assumption of economic policy. A vision of the future human being and the mature society is determining prospective objectives and aims of the development as well is indicating ways and means for their realization by economic policy.The economic growth is not objective by itself, but has to serve for a comprehensive social advancement. At the same time the factors of social advancement advantageously impact the labour productivity and otherwisethey perform a role of additional stimulatives of the economic growth.The objectives of social advancement should be realized gradually basing on staging patterns of systematic raise of the living standards of the population. A hierarchy and a sequence of satisfaction with the both individual and collective necessities demand a skillful application of the criteria of the economic and social choice. We are using here the principle of social and economic rationality.Hence the factors of social advancement, involving the scientific and technical progress, belang to the fundumatel elements of the present economic and social policy. At the same time objectives and means of modern economic and social advancement are here strictly interlaced. (shrink)

Modern Polish philosophy has an impressive record as a powerful, innovating tradition, in many respects parallel to but independent of the development of analytical philosophy in Britain and America. Owing to an absence of adequate translations however, the work of its leading exponents has generally only been encountered second-hand. To remedy this, Quinton and Skolimowski have translated an introduction to philosophy written by Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz, probably the outstanding representative of the generation. Problems and Theories of Philosophy surveys concisely and, (...) so far as possible, systematically the main problems in epistemology and metaphysics and the most historically important of the solutions proposed to them. The book still reads freshly and displays many of the characteristic intellectual virtues of Polish philosophy: clarity and straightforwardness of presentation combined with a bracing rigour and precision. It is in no sense parochial to its Polish origins and can stand beside the classic English introductions to the subject as stimulating and lucid analysis of perennial philosophical problems and strategies. (shrink)

Artykuł jest próbą wyodrębnienia i ogólnego opisu aspektów filozoficznych, zawartych w teorii duchowości ekologicznej papieża Franciszka oraz porównania ich z myślą tomistyczną, rozwijaną przez jej polskich przedstawicieli w czasach współczesnych. Aspekty te dostrzeżono na gruncie wielu dyscyplin filozoficznych, ponieważ w tego typu duchowości chodzi o stosunek człowieka do najogólniej pojętej rzeczywistości realnej, czyli do samego siebie, przyrody, kultury i religii. W toku analizy obu stanowisk zauważono liczne analogie, a także pewne rozbieżności w sposobie widzenia przyrody, osoby ludzkiej, kultury oraz religii, (...) które przynajmniej częściowo można tłumaczyć niejednoznacznością niektórych sformułowań papieskich. -------------- Zgłoszono: 19/08/2020. Zrecenzowano: 26/09/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 18/10/2020. (shrink)

W artykule poruszono problem perspektyw rozwoju, a tym samym przyszłości filozofii tomistycznej na podstawie sytuacji w Polsce. Otóż taką szansę widzi się dla tej filozofii w badaniach bardziej partykularnych, znajdujących się poza głównym obiektem zainteresowań metafizyki ogólnej. Każdorazowo przybierają one postać metafizyk szczegółowych i stosowanych. Pierwsza z nazw nawiązuje do zawężonego pola badań, druga natomiast jest uzasadniona korzystaniem z dorobku innych nauk filozoficznych, bardziej podstawowych, włącznie z metafizyką ogólną. Metafizyki tego rodzaju stanowią szeroko pojęte studium tego, co jest najbardziej fundamentalne (...) nie dla bytu jako takiego, ale dla wszelkich podstawowych typów przedmiotów w sferze natury i kultury. Nie stanowią one jednak alternatywy dla metafizyki ogólnej, która bada rzeczywistość w wymiarze transcendentalnym, ponieważ korzystając z jej dorobku, zachowują z nią łączność oraz stanowią jej konieczne dopełnienie. Jako zaś typowe dyscypliny filozoficzne, dające możliwość rozwijania owych metafizyk, podano w artykule filozofię przyrody, antropologię filozoficzną oraz dwie formy filozofii ludzkiego działania, czyli religię i moralność. W ich przypadku wskazywano zarówno na tematy już podjęte przez wielu przedstawicieli myśli tomistycznej w Polsce oraz na te, jakie są możliwe do podjęcia. Realizacja tych form metafizyki odpowiada nie tylko strukturze rzeczywistości pluralistycznej i jednocześnie powiązanej ze sobą szeregiem zależności, ale też problemom aktualnym, nowym, wymagającym ujęcia gruntownego i całościowego, jakie stwarza dopiero perspektywa metafizyczna, rozpatrywana z pozycji filozofii tomistycznej. (shrink)

This essay explores social forces which contributed to regaining independence by the Polish people and sovereignty by the Polish state after 45 years of Soviet domination There were four major factors or forces of historical change: workers' resistance (big-industry working class); intellectual opposition (dissidents); grass-roots movement (families, households and their microeconmuc activity); and the Catholic Church (in the late phase of the Polish People's Republic). The preliminary thesis is that Poland succeeded in transcending communism and Soviet domination as quickly as (...) it did thanks to its civil society traditions. In particular, universities and their intellectual influence on the young generations of Poles helped nurture the political opposition Equally, the grass-roots movement of Polish family households undermined the unrealistic, strange system of national (planned) economy, which otherwise could have lasted much longer in Poland, as it did in all of Eastem Europe. The conclusion follows that the historically formed cultural capital of the Polish people was the decisive factor in the nation's liberation from totalitarian rule. (shrink)

Autor porusza zagadnienie struktury Peryta, która posiada tę właściwość, iż środkiem świata jest miejsce założone przez obserwatora. W ten sposób zmienia się charakter zjawisk geometrycznych, w tym perspektywy.

When asked in 1962 on what he was working Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz replied: Several years ago Polish Scientific Publishers suggested that I pre pare a new edition of The Logical Foundations of Teaching, which I wrote 1 before 1939 as a contribution to The Encyclopaedia of Education. It was a small booklet covering elementary information about logical semantics and scientific methodology, information which in my opinion was necessary as a foundation of teaching and as an element of the education of (...) any teacher. When I recently set to preparing the new edition, I rewrote practically everything, and a booklet of some 100 pages swelled into a bulky volume almost five times bigger. The issues have remained practically the same, but they are now analysed much more thoroughly and the threshold of difficulty is much higher now. The main stress has been laid on the methods used in the empirical sciences, and within that field, on the theory of measurement and the methods of statistical inference. I am now working on the last chapter of the book, concerned with explanation procedures and theory construction in the empirical sciences. When that book, which I intend to entitle Pragmatic Logic, is com pleted I intend to prepare for the press Vol. 2 of my minor writings, 2 Language and Cognition, which will cover some of my post-war pa pers. (shrink)

The paper presents the problem of the frame, a clearly prevalent pattern in the selected activities of Bauhaus representatives. Despite only a dozen years of its existence, the school of modern architecture and design had a significant impact on the 20th-century world of art, and its social context, aesthetic and functions. In spite of its utilitarianist approach, it has developed a variety of standpoints that resulted in debates over the limits of art and have evolved into a wide range of (...) creative movements that became a permanent feature of the art world. The essence of artistic activity evolved in this formation in two seemingly contradictory directions – towards a radical consolidation of the visual form, which is devoid of any decorations, and its gradual opening to the space surrounding the artistic and design activity. The first direction led to strengthening the integrity of the work and its materiality, while the second led to interference with the environment and the disappearance of the outline of the form. The diverse involvements and relations between these attitudes created different understandings of the frame encompassing the works. (shrink)

. ACT, CONTENT, AND OBJECT OF THE PRESENTATION It is one of the best known positions of psychology, hardly contested by anyone, that every mental phenomenon ...