Byzance, menacée depuis deux siècles par les Ottomans, tombe en 1453, un an après la mort du philosophe Pléthon. Ce livre traite de la grandeur et du déclin de la civilisation byzantine qui a revêtu un triple visage en alliant culture grecque, organisation impériale de Rome et religion chrétienne. Il y est question des relations difficiles entre l'orthodoxie grecque et le catholicisme romain, ainsi que du néo-platonisme que Pléthon a diffusé dans la Florence des Médicis, participant ainsi à l'émergence (...) de l'humanisme européen. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Byzantinische Zeitschrift Jahrgang: 111 Heft: 3 Seiten: 819-821.

This article concerns the exact sciences in Byzantium, namely the four traditional sciences that were usually designated in the Middle Ages by the term quadrivium : arithmetic, astonomy, geometry and music. It offers a review of the Byzantine texts and documents preserved in these domains from the sixth century to the Fall of Constantinople. The article presents the leading trends : continuation of Hellenistic Greek science, Islamic Jewish or Latin influences, in practical or scholarly directions, as well as the great (...) historical changes that mark the stages of scientific knowledge. The ancillary sciences, geography, optics and mechanics, as well as astrology, are briefly sketched. (shrink)

The editing of three anonymous Greek texts preserved in the Parisinus Suppl. gr. 643 allows us to clarify certain ideas on the transmission of knowledge in the Mediterranean during the second half of the 13th century. These texts are in fact translations from Latin probably made at Salerno at the end of the Norman period or at the beginning of the Angevin dynasty. They allow us to establish the influence of the Parisian Faculty of Arts on the Sicilian intellectual milieu (...) of the period and to illustrate how, whilst remaining true to its medical vocation, the University of Salerno evolved nonetheless towards a model of general education in the Arts. Finally these texts reveal the considerable influence of Arabic learning on the Aristotelian teaching of their author. This very fact, combined with the presence of the Parisinus in Byzantium, in an environment of advanced philological learning, a few decades after its composition, leads us to question our understanding of the Palaeologan Renaissance as well as its independence with regard to the Arabo-latin scholarly tradition of the 13th century. (shrink)

Le penseur byzantin du neuvième siècle Photius a consacré plusieurs courts traités à la question catégoriale, commentant neuf des dix catégories aristotéliciennes une à une. Il est aussi revenu dans deux courts textes – les Amphilochia 27 et 230 – sur la question de la prédication. Il s’interroge dans ces deux traités sur le mode de prédication propre aux termes « homme » et « humanité », analysant notamment le référent de ces termes. Ces réflexions contiennent plusieurs thèses significatives de (...) son ontologie particulariste. (shrink)

Ce volume comprend les laquo;Actesraquo; de la Table Ronde reacute;aliseacute;e au sein du XXe Congregrave;s International d'Eacute;tudes Byzantines (Paris, ...

Often described by byzantinists as primarily Aristotelian, the cosmological worldview of the Byzantines was in fact more varied. This is attested, in the 11th and 12th centuries, by the survival of the box-like universe, suggested by Antiochene Fathers in the 5th and 6th centuries. This system survived in the catenae to Genesis, particularly in passages related to the creation of the firmament and the stars. An echo of the use of these specific Antiochene passages in Byzantine monasteries also appears in (...) a letter of Michael Glykas. (shrink)

Towards the end of the Byzantine Empire many texts of the Latin Fathers were translated into Greek, beginning with the De Trinitate of Augustine. This flurry of translation spurred discussion on the authority of the Fathers. The Greeks were now confronted with the problem of what one should do when the (presumably infallible) Fathers justify apparent heresy (the Filioque)? This question became crucial after the Council of Florence and the fall of the Byzantine Empire. What is the definition of a (...) Father? A saint? A disciple? Is it possible to honour a Father and yet refuse to follow him on a particular point of doctrine? (shrink)

Towards the end of the Byzantine Empire many texts of the Latin Fathers were translated into Greek, beginning with the De Trinitate of Augustine. This flurry of translation spurred discussion on the authority of the Fathers. The Greeks were now confronted with the problem of what one should do when the (presumably infallible) Fathers justify apparent heresy (the Filioque)? This question became crucial after the Council of Florence and the fall of the Byzantine Empire. What is the definition of a (...) Father? A saint? A disciple? Is it possible to honour a Father and yet refuse to follow him on a particular point of doctrine? (shrink)

The Florilegium Coislinianum, from which we are editing the chapter dealing with words beginning with the letter ?, is a large Byzantine anthology, dating back to the 9th-10th cent. Its manuscript tradition has been exhaustively explored for the first time in this article and our edition is based on 11 manuscripts, dated from the 10th to the 14th cent. We also compared the Florilegium Coislinianum with the Sacra Parallela and the Loci Communes.

Cooking and earthenware pots in Byzantium. This study presents in a synoptic manner the utensiles for culinary use, the pots for preserves, the jars for storage, and other small kitchen equipment utilized at the hearth and in the storeroom in an urban and rural framework during the Macedonian, Comnenian, and Paleologian periods. The joint examination of ceramics discovered at sites in Greece, in Thrace, and in Anatolia, and various written sources in which pots and jars are mentioned, allows, on the (...) one hand, establishing an inventory of the diverse types of utensiles employed in the Byzantine empire, and, one the other, replacing the objects in their functional context. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Byzantinische Zeitschrift Jahrgang: 109 Heft: 1 Seiten: 41-72.

Im Mittelpunkt dieses Sammelbandes, der einem internationalen und interdisziplinären Kolloquium von 1997 in Paris entsprungen ist, stehen die Anfänge des Urbanisierungsprozesses im ostslavischen Frühmittelalter. Doch die Herausgeber wollten dieses Thema nicht zu eng behandeln und haben daher in ihr Konzept das gesamte ethnische, demographische, wirtschaftliche und politische Umfeld einbezogen, das die Voraussetzungen für die Entstehung von „proto-urbanen Zentren“ geschaffen hat. Auf diese Weise ist ein Sammelwerk entstanden, dessen 21 Beiträge einander bestens ergänzen und die auf der Basis des gegenwärtigen Forschungsstandes (...) eine relativ geschlossene Gesamtschau der komplexen Dynamik erlauben, die auf dem Gebiet des engeren Osteuropa Herrschaftsbildung und Proto-Urbanisierung vorangetrieben haben. Mit Byzanz hat dies auf den ersten Blick zwar nur peripher zu tun, aber da der behandelte Zeitraum vom 8. bis zum 10. Jahrhundert das Rhomäerreich durch das Auftreten der aus Skandinavien stammenden Rhos in enge politische und wirtschaftliche Beziehungen zu seinen neuen, bedrohlichen Nachbarn verstrickte, gewann diese osteuropäische Peripherie schlagartig an Bedeutung. (shrink)