O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a questão do abuso sexual, destacando a contribuição psicanalítica na compreensão do impacto do abuso sobre o desenvolvimento psíquico do indivíduo. Nas últimas décadas, observa-se um crescente interesse das pesquisas na identificação de diferentes aspectos do prob..

Esta pesquisa qualitativa buscou ampliar a discussão sobre o abuso sexual contra crianças e adolescentes perpetrado pelo próprio pai. Os sujeitos foram 4 famílias com crianças de 3 a 9 anos e uma adolescente de 13 anos. Os instrumentos: observações das interações e diálogos ocorridos durante o Grupo..

El autor de este artí-culo, que ya ha publicado con ante-rioridad otros dedicados a la misma temática, expone aquí la legisla-ción general de la Iglesia sobre este delicado y complejo tema, que tanta repercusión ha tenido y está teniendo en la actualidad: describe el cambio de actitud de la Iglesia cató-lica frente a estos comportamientos delictivos de sus clérigos y religiosos, y analiza los cambios operados tanto en la legislación general de la Iglesia como en las disposiciones reciente-mente adoptadas por (...) algunas Confe-rencias Episcopales para responder más eficaz y rápidamente ante estas dolorosas situaciones. Las medidas adoptadas por la Iglesia abarcan tres grandes campos: el de la preven-ción de estas situaciones mediante la debida formación y selección de los candidatos, atención a sus nece-sidades, formación permanente, etc. (shrink)

A violência sexual contra meninas constitui-se em um problema de dimensões alarmantes para a sociedade. Assim, este estudo objetivou compreender as concepções e crenças sobre o abuso sexual, as relações e reações familiares de adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Participaram 30 adole..

O abuso sexual infantil se enquadra entre as formas de maus-tratos na infância e traz sérias consequências ao desenvolvimento psicológico. Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a percepção de psicólogos que trabalham ou já trabalharam com casos de abuso sexual infantil, sobre os efeitos da situação de violência no psiquismo da criança e sobre o papel da mãe nesse contexto. Participaram do estudo 4 psicólogas que possuíam, no mínimo, 5 anos de experiência de atendimento clínico a (...) crianças vítimas de abuso sexual, sendo realizada uma entrevista semidirigida com cada uma delas. Para a análise de dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo, segundo Bardin, que revelou a importância central do suporte materno para o enfrentamento do trauma sofrido pela criança e para o tratamento psicoterapêutico. A falta desse suporte pode estar associada a aspectos inerentes ao psiquismo da mãe, fazendo com que ela não consiga oferecer ao filho as medidas protetivas necessárias. (shrink)

La figura de la víctima de los delitos de agresión y abuso sexual se encuentra entre dos realidades contrapuestas: la idealidad victimal, configurándose como única víctima válida aquella totalmente inocente y la objetivación de la mujer en un contexto pornificado. Entre esta dicotomía de contextos las víctimas se encuentran revictimizadas por diversas circunstancias que se desarrollarán en el presente artículo. En este sentido, sea cual sea la postura que tome la víctima, se verá alcanzada por estereotipos y distorsiones (...) relativas a las relaciones sexuales. (shrink)

Abuso sexual en la infancia es el libro escrito por María Beatriz Müller con el objetivo de dar una explicación del éxito judicial que ha tenido a lo largo de los años el Síndrome de Alienación Parental, propuesto por el médico Richar Gardner en la década de los 80. A lo largo de la lectura del libro se verá cómo la postulación de este supuesto síndrome en ámbitos médicos, psicológicos y judiciales, así como otras propuestas carentes de evidencia (...) científica, han generado un contexto claramente perverso en la prevención del abuso sexual, donde “todo se vuelve patas para arriba, no se cree en la palabra de y en los síntomas de los niños y las niñas, las madres protectoras son consideradas instigadoras y promotoras de mentiras, el abuso sexual queda invisibilizado, las víctimas se convierten en victimarios y el depredador en el “pobre padre que no puede ver a sus hijos””. Con este aterrador panorama de la situación actual de muchos países en relación con la prevención del abuso sexual de niños, niñas y adolescentes, la licenciada Müller realiza una exposición muy bien documentada y de fluida lectura sobre los distintos mitos, construcciones e injusticias alrededor de este tema. Para citar esta reseña / To cite this review / Para citar esta resenha Rosas-Jiménez CA. María Beatriz Müller. Abuso sexual en la infancia. Mitos, construcciones e injusticias: el éxito judicial del falso síndrome de alienación parental. Buenos Aires: Editorial Maipue, 2015. 192 p.. Pers Bioet. 2019;23:266-268. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2019.23.2.8. (shrink)

El artículo estudia la emergencia de testimonios de torturados durante la dictadura militar y posteriormente de testimonios de víctimas de abusos sexuales y de conciencia por parte de sacerdotes chilenos, postulando que estamos frente un nuevo tipo de testimonio que emerge de situaciones de violencia. La pesquisa realiza un análisis semiótico de estos relatos estudiando axiomas que caracterizan este tipo de texto sosteniendo que estos textos poseen una relevancia epistémica y teológica esencial para la superación de la crisis eclesial.

ISSN:1909-9711 Misión La Revista Acta Colombiana de Psicología publica hallazgos originales de las investigaciones en Psicología y de esta disciplina en diálogo con otras, con el propósito de divulgarlas a la comunidad universitaria y a todas las personas interesadas en conocer sus nuevos avances y aplicaciones a distintos campos y necesidades de la sociedad contemporánea.

Understanding sexual abuse es un libro que sorprenderá al lector por varias razones. En primer lugar, es un testimonio de la vida real del autor como víctima de abuso sexual en su niñez por una de las personas más cercanas a su familia. En segundo lugar, no es el típico libro sensacionalista que busca llamar la atención ni generar lástima ni victimizarse ni buscar fondos para alguna ONG de prevención de abuso sexual; más bien, el (...) autor, con mucha apertura interior, humildad, valentía, así como con un elevado profesionalismo, describe lo profundo que pueden ser las heridas de este tipo de abuso y lo crudo e injusto que es este crimen. En tercer lugar, la manera como el autor se aproxima al tratamiento de un trauma como el abuso sexual, permite que el lector se identifique plenamente con el autor, si ha sido abusado sexualmente, o si no, que aun así pueda tomar muchos elementos para sanar traumas de su propia vida, a pesar de no tratarse de abuso sexual, y sobre cómo acompañar a otras personas que han sufrido este tipo de abuso; he aquí la riqueza de este libro. Para citar esta reseña / To cite this review / Para citar esta resenha Rosas-Jiménez CA. Tim Hein, Understanding Sexual Abuse: A Guide for Ministry Leaders and Survivors. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Books, 2018, 192 pp., ISBN-13: 978-0830841356. Pers Bioet. 2019; 23: 263-265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2019.23.2.7. (shrink)

O presente artigo apresenta um estudo de caso sobre um serviço público que atende crianças, adolescentes e famílias vítimas de violência, abuso e exploração sexual. O objetivo foi compreender as percepções dos profissionais para esboçar uma análise das práticas sociais e relacionais da equipe para c..

Tras el Pacto de Estado contra la Violencia de Género se han llevado a cabodiversas iniciativas legislativas en torno a las denominadas violencias sexualesque han desembocado en la L.O. 10/2022 de Garantía Integral de la LibertadSexual.En este trabajo se pretenden abordar dos de las cuestiones más importantesde esta Ley, el consentimiento expreso y la eliminación de la distinción entreabuso sexual y agresión sexual, todo ello, partiendo de la realidad a que sequiere dar respuesta, de las obligaciones asumidas a (...) nivel internacional ydel análisis del derecho comparado, sin olvidar la ineludible perspectiva degénero y, por su puesto, teniendo en cuenta los informes el Consejo Fiscal y elCGPJ al anteproyecto y las enmiendas presentadas al articulado del proyectopresentado el 07/07/2021. (shrink)

El presente artículo interroga la posibilidad de que la justicia, entendida como institución, se transforme al reconocer como injusticias estructurales las injusticias epistémicas relacionadas con el abuso sexual. Para ello analizaré la decisión de la jueza Rosemary Aquilina de invitar a más de 150 sobrevivientes de abuso sexual a dar su testimonio en el juicio a Larry Nassar. Sostengo que este acto de escucha y acompañamiento de las sobrevivientes durante las audiencias reconoce el valor de narrar (...) la experiencia de abuso sexual, muestra el daño de la injusticia epistémica por los prejuicios que interfieren con la credibilidad de las víctimas y las estructuras de poder que silencian los testimonios. En un segundo momento, analizo las audiencias donde hay una participación colectiva de las sobrevivientes como un espacio de acompañamiento que las empodera en tanto sujetos epistémicos y agentes morales. (shrink)

The central thesis developed in this paper is that sexual violence is a possibility founded in the — historical — constitutive conditions of the female body, which means that sexual violence against women is possible because of the availability of their bodies. The availability of the female body as a condition for rape is established in three principal moments: 1) The historical and spiritual determination of the subjective female identity as founded in the materiality of her own body (...) —or her reproductive specificity—. 2) The socially ambiguous configuration of the «femenine-I can» derived from the reproduction/sensuality difference; and, 3) The sexual rape as a reassertion of the gender availability in such a way that the rape sexualizes the gender as vulnerable, establishing or adding a wrapping meaning of feminity as something vulnerable. Being an other-body is being, originally, an available body, violable in essence, sexually vulnerable. (shrink)

Los abusos sexuales a menores por parte de sacerdotes de la Iglesia Católica desataron gran preocupación en muchos países del mundo en los últimos años. En Chile, específicamente, el tema develó los vínculos existentes entre distintos ámbitos de poder de las élites a través del denominado caso Karadima. Este artículo se enmarca en el ámbito del Análisis Crítico del Discurso y en él se examinan -desde la perspectiva de las estrategias o funciones del discurso político- proposiciones tomadas de doce episodios (...) de una entrevista y en ellas se explora el comportamiento discursivo de la principal autoridad de la Iglesia Católica en el contexto de dicho caso y a quien además le correspondió recibir e investigar las primeras denuncias, el Cardenal Errázuriz. El estudio busca develar qué estrategias discursivas emplea el hablante y cómo éstas son funcionales a los propósitos de protección de la institución que representa. Del análisis se advierte un intento por desacreditar las acusaciones de las víctimas y validar las acciones emprendidas por su institución y algunos de sus representantes. (shrink)

Seria um abuso sexual o príncipe roubar um beijo da Bela Adormecida? Quem brinca de polícia e ladrão pode virar bandido? Games violentos criam assassinos? Mas quem nunca matou uma formiga? E quem nunca "roubou pão na casa do João"? O filósofo Luiz Felipe Pondé se une aqui a Ilan Brenman, psicólogo e premiado autor de livros infantis, para fazer um panorama do politicamente correto e discutir suas influências na formação das crianças e, consequentemente, dos adultos que elas (...) se tornarão. Os autores mostram que essa verdadeira patrulha do pensamento tem nos feito perder a capacidade de interpretar a vida, com seus símbolos e suas ironias. Com isso, vemos um número cada vez maior de pessoas com dificuldades em lidar com as emoções que sentem, deprimidas e inseguras. A obra provoca a refletir: talvez o lobo mau não viva apenas nos contos de fadas, mas esteja a nos espreitar na escola, na família, na política, na sociedade, enfim. Para enfrentá-lo, ser livre para pensar e se expressar é fundamental. (shrink)

Hoy en día, la mayoría de las grandes instituciones públicas y privadas está marcada por el escándalo de los abusos sexuales. La saturación en los medios de estos escándalos no se restringe a alguna organización, afecta a todas, ya sea gubernamental, no gubernamental, religiosa o política Hay miles de víctimas. Desafortunadamente, en torno a estos abusos inaceptables, nace un nuevo tipo de marketing que «folcloriza» el dolor, transformándolo en negocio. Estamos presenciando el surgimiento de una nueva clase de víctima y (...) de una nueva forma de ser una víctima. Es un victimismo sutil lo que se discute aquí, el mismo que ve la condición de víctima como una situación ventajosa de la cual obtener grandes ganancias. La reflexión que sigue explora la cuestión del victimismo, así como sus desafíos en la Iglesia Católica y en una tendencia del feminismo contemporáneo. (shrink)

La Plataforma de Acción de Beijing en 1995, señala que la violencia contra las mujeres "es una manifestación de las relaciones de poder históricamente desiguales entre hombres y mujeres". En todos los ámbitos y etapas de la vida de las mujeres existen diversas formas en que la violencia de genero se expresa, pudiendo citar la violencia física, psicológica y sexual por parte de miembros de la familia o de su pareja, el abuso sexual por individuos que no (...) son su pareja, la prostitución forzada, la mutilación genital, el aborto selectivo, entre otras. Las consecuencias para la salud de las mujeres y sus familias urgen al sistema sanitario a tomar medidas para su identificación oportuna y respuestas adecuadas. Sin embargo, para que esto sea cierto se deben examinar las formas de reproducción de las desiguales relaciones de poder entre hombres y mujeres al interior del sistema y sus instituciones. (shrink)

Introducción: Se presenta un análisis cualitativo del acompañamiento psicosocial a jóvenes en condiciones de vulnerabilidad desde la ecología humana durante 12 meses entre 2010 a 2011; utilizando técnicas pedagógicas evaluativas participativas. Éstas, son una alternativa para crear espacios reflexivos con el propósito de potenciar la resiliencia en las relaciones comunicativas y formar en el respeto. Objetivo: Generar bienestar, prevenir la farmacodependencia y contribuir a la promoción de la salud. Material y Métodos: Se revisaron los antecedentes temáticos, fueron seleccionados 100 estudiantes (...) entre 11 y 19 años de dos instituciones educativas públicas en condiciones vulnerables;se desarrollaron cuatro talleres reflexivos y cuatro prácticas lúdicas y se realizaron tres grupos focales con estudiantes, profesores y padres de familia. Resultados y Discusión: El contexto social de la población intervenida, revela problemas de abuso sexual, violencia intrafamiliar y eventos violentos en el vecindario por grupos armados ilegales, entre otros, que constituyen factores de riesgo importantes para la farmacodependencia. Conclusión: Se infiere que lo psicosocial incide en la farmacodependencia, afectando la convivencia de la población estudiada por múltiples causas del orden psicoafectivo, sociocultural, económico y político que van desde el consumo cultural hasta la seguridad alimentaria. Introduction: A qualitative analysis of the psycho-social support to young people in situations of vulnerability from human ecology is presented for 12 months between 2010 to 2011; using participatory evaluative pedagogical techniques. These are an alternative to create reflective spaces with the purpose of enhancing resilience in communicative relationships and working in respect. Objective: to generate well-being, prevent drug abuse and contribute to the health promotion. Material aids and methods: the thematic background was reviewed, 100 students between 11 and 19 years of two public schools in vulnerable conditionswere selected; four reflective workshops and four playful practices were developed and three focus groups with students, teachers and parentswere conducted. Results and discussion: the social context of the manipulated population reveals sexual abuse problems, domestic violence and violent events in the neighborhood by illegal armed groups, among others, which constitutemajor risk factors for drug abuse. Conclusion: It can be inferred that the psychosocial factors impact on drug dependence, affecting the coexistence of the population studied by multiple causes of the psychological, socio-cultural, economic and political order, ranging from cultural consumption to food security. (shrink)

En más de 100 conflictos bélicos que se han producido en los últimos diez años, más del 80 por ciento de las víctimas son civiles. Se ha producido un desarrollo acelerado en las investigaciones concernientes a las consecuencias psico-sociales de la guerra en la población civil, la cual es el blanco principal de las víctimas en la guerra contemporánea. Este trabajo constituye una revisión bibliográfica sobre la guerra como desastre, acerca de los conceptos “modernos” de “guerra total”, desastre y las (...) consecuencias psicológicas de la guerra en la población civil, la utilización de los niños como soldados lo cual acarrea desórdenes mentales marcados y se aborda el problema de la violencia sexual como arma de guerra. Las mujeres, las jóvenes, e incluso niñas, son a menudo sometidas, violadas, secuestradas y forzadas a la esclavitud sexual o cualquier tipo de abuso sexual; son vejadas, humilladas y dañadas en lo más profundo de sus sentimientos psicológicos, y valores morales, lo que también trasciende al grupo social, comunidad, clase social o etnia a la que pertenecen. El deterioro o la destrucción de la infraestructura económica, social y política de las naciones en conflicto impide la atención de las necesidades básicas de la población. El trastorno por estrés postraumático es la entidad nosológica más frecuente en las víctimas de la guerra, pero existen otros trastornos mentales que hay que tener en cuenta In over 100 war conflicts that have occurred in the last 10 years, m ore than 80 percent of the victims were civilians. The scope of recent studies has been increasingly focused on psychological and social effects among civilians who are the target and main victims of contemporary wars. This article is an explanation of why war is considered a disaster, a revision of modern terms for war, disaster and the psychological effects of war on civilians, the training of children as soldiers, and the resulting mental disorders. It touches upon sexual violence problem as a war weapon. Women, adolescents and young children are often violated and forced into sexual slavery or any other type of sexual abuse, causing humiliation and psychological, ethical and moral damage, which can affect social groups, communities, social classes, or races. The deterioration or destruction of the economic, social and political infrastructure of the countries in conflict hinders the satisfaction of the citizens' basic needs. The most common psychological effect among war victims is posttraumatic stress, but there are also other mental disorders which must be taken into consideration. (shrink)

Introducción: El maltrato infantil se define como el abuso y la desatención de que son objeto los menores de 18 años; incluye el maltrato físico o psicológico, abuso sexual, desatención, negligencia y explotación comercial o de otro tipo que puedan causar un daño a la salud, al desarrollo o la dignidad del niño, y poner en peligro su supervivencia, en el contexto de una relación de responsabilidad, confianza o poder. Método: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, con enfoque (...) cuali-cuantitativo, modalidad de campo, descriptivo, analítico y longitudinal en la escuela Manuela Espejo del cantón Ambato, provincia Tungurahua, Ecuador, durante el periodo 2013-2015 con el objetivo de determinar la incidencia de maltrato infantil y brindarle la atención o tratamiento adecuado. Resultados: El 7,67 % de los niños eran maltratados, predominó el sexo masculino con un 74 %, fundamentalmente en el medio familiar con un 52,17 % en la modalidad de maltrato psicológico en un 62,16 %. Conclusiones: La violencia infantil, continúa siendo un problema a nivel internacional. La asistencia continua a las víctimas del maltrato y a sus familias puede ayudar a reducirlo y a paliar sus consecuencias. Introduction: Child abuse is defined as mistreatment and neglect of children who are under 18. It includes physical or psychological abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, negligence and commercial exploitation or any other kind of exploitation that may cause damage to children´s health, physical development or dignity, and may endanger their survival in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power. Method: A prospective, descriptive, analytical, longitudinal study was conducted using qualitative and quantitative approaches at Manuela Espejo School in Canton Ambato, Tungurahua province, Ecuador, during the period of 2013-2015 in order to determine the incidence of child abuse and provide adequate care or treatment. Results: 7.67% of children were abused; of those, males predominated at 74%. The abuse took place mainly in the family environment in the form of psychological maltreatment. Conclusions: Child abuse remains a problem internationally. Continuous assistance to victims of abuse and their families can help reduce and mitigate its consequences. (shrink)

A identidade corporal e a expressão da sexualidade na cultura ocidental são marcadas por tabus, devendo ser restritas à intimidade das “quatro paredes”. Entretanto, a experiência da intimidade é construída socialmente e carrega consigo todas as marcas de um tempo histórico, no qual os corpos estão inscritos. As mulheres prostitutas que desafiam os prescritivos morais da sexualidade atrelados à reprodução e ao matrimônio e que monetizam a experiência sexual, sofrem penalidades sociais, como a exclusão. O objetivo deste trabalho é (...) refletir, a partir do filme Uma linda mulher, o modo como a identidade corporal das mulheres profissionais do sexo é significado socialmente, com base na literatura brasileira. A metodologia eleita é a análise de filme, por meio das categorias temáticas: objetificação do corpo feminino, invisibilização social do corpo feminino e adestramento corporal. As vestimentas, a composição estética de uma profissional do sexo pertencente a um contexto de classe baixa, como retratado no filme pela personagem Vivian, são alvo de um estereótipo de vulgaridade e a reduz a um objeto sexual. Essas mulheres tornam-se mais vulneráveis aos diversos tipos de violência, abuso e exploração, que, além da desumanização dos corpos, promove a invisibilização e o descarte para aqueles que não alimentam o estereótipo da prostituição. Para pertencer à classe das mulheres “respeitáveis”, rendem-se ao adestramento corporal e cultural, tornando-se este o passaporte para a visibilidade social. Tal percurso ocorre no filme com a personagem Vivian, que passa por um adestramento do seu corpo, por meio da contenção de seus hábitos gestuais anteriores, a fim de performar socialmente o lugar de uma mulher moralmente respeitável, o que também pode ser entendido como violência, podendo ser considerada uma ilustração do cenário brasileiro. (shrink)

El consumo sexual de mujeres a cambio de dinero es, por desgracia, una práctica masculina muy habitual en nuestra sociedad. La mayoría de los hombres de edades entre los 40 y los 60 años se han iniciado en la sexualidad a través de una práctica de poder y de abuso como es la prostitución. La compra del cuerpo de las mujeres ha sido normalizada para demasiados hombres y poco cuestionada socialmente.

The article analyzes a few aspects of pope Francis’ governing style and the overall context for the issue of a synodal reform of the Catholic Church in the global world: the meaning of “Ecclesia semper reformanda” in a globalized Church; from episcopal collegiality to ecclesial synodality and the “synodal process 2021-2023; the relationship between pope Francis and the Roman Curia; the troubles with the globalization of the Church; the meaning of governance of the global Church in the age of the (...) sexual abuse crisis. The article frames pope Francis’ most important decisions and choices for the governance of the Catholic Church in the most undisputable feature of the pontificate: the re-positioning out of a strictly European and North American theological and geopolitical axis, in order to embrace the global vocation of Catholicism. This implies some epoch-making shifts for what concerns the role of the Vatican, its relationship with the local churches and the bishops’ conferences, and the idea of church reform. (shrink)

En el marco de los debates sobre cómo alojar los testimonios de lesa humanidad del terrorismo de Estado argentino, que tensan modelos habituales de análisis y demandan escucha y respuestas respetuosas, se indaga lo que puede la vergüenza, afecto/emoción de particular presencia en las denuncias de la violencia sexual concentracionaria. Por un lado, esta vergüenza ha impedido o demorado la posibilidad de denunciar este crimen y/o de resignificar su sentido; por otro lado, su exposición en las instancias públicas de (...) narración de violaciones o abusos articula una agencia de las víctimas que desestabiliza normas de género en los límites de lo decible/audible. Preguntarse lo que puede la vergüenza como ruta a transitar procura reconocer modos de agencia de las sobrevivientes testigos que aportan significativamente a la construcción política de las memorias y a los archivos feministas de las violencias de género. Considerando las resistencias a estos testimonios y analizando el rol de la vergüenza en ellos desde claves interpretativas del “giro afectivo” se sigue la imbricación entre dinámicos mecanismos de legitimación de la opresión de género y la lógica contingente de atribución de afectos. Se abren así posibilidades de reconfigurar lo que merece ser recordado y constituirse en un legado. (shrink)

Rae Langton here draws together her ground-breaking and contentious work on pornography and objectification. She shows how women come to be objectified -- made subordinate and treated as things -- and she argues for the controversial feminist conclusions that pornography subordinates and silences women, and women have rights against pornography.

In men and women sexual arousal culminates in orgasm, with female orgasm solely from sexual intercourse often regarded as a unique feature of human sexuality. However, orgasm from sexual intercourse occurs more reliably in men than in women, likely reflecting the different types of physical stimulation men and women require for orgasm. In men, orgasms are under strong selective pressure as orgasms are coupled with ejaculation and thus contribute to male reproductive success. By contrast, women's orgasms in (...) intercourse are highly variable and are under little selective pressure as they are not a reproductive necessity. The proximal mechanisms producing variability in women's orgasms are little understood. In 1924 Marie Bonaparte proposed that a shorter distance between a woman's clitoris and her urethral meatus (CUMD) increased her likelihood of experiencing orgasm in intercourse. She based this on her published data that were never statistically analyzed. In 1940 Landis and colleagues published similar data suggesting the same relationship, but these data too were never fully analyzed. We analyzed raw data from these two studies and found that both demonstrate a strong inverse relationship between CUMD and orgasm during intercourse. Unresolved is whether this increased likelihood of orgasm with shorter CUMD reflects increased penile–clitoral contact during sexual intercourse or increased penile stimulation of internal aspects of the clitoris. CUMD likely reflects prenatal androgen exposure, with higher androgen levels producing larger distances. Thus these results suggest that women exposed to lower levels of prenatal androgens are more likely to experience orgasm during sexual intercourse. . (shrink)

Può un’opera d’arte non avere proprietà estetiche? Può l’arte essere definita, e compresa, senza alcun riferimento all’estetico? Fino a qualche tempo fa, una riposta affermativa a queste due domande sembrava inevitabile: le cosiddette Teorie Estetiche dell’arte, per le quali le opere d’arte sono prodotte con l’intenzione di suscitare esperienze estetiche (soprattutto per il tramite delle proprietà estetiche), mostravano tutti i loro limiti di fronte alle nuove tendenze artistiche, come ad ese...

Explores the avant-garde history of twentieth-century Europe through the lifestyle and music of the Sex Pistols.

On a version of consent theory that tempts many, predatory sexual relations involving significant power imbalances (e.g. between professors and students, adults and teenagers, or employers and employees) are wrong because they violate consent-centric norms. In particular, the wronged party is said to have been incapable of consenting to the predation, and the sexual wrong is located in the encounter’s nonconsensuality. Although we agree that these are sexual wrongs, we resist the idea that they are always nonconsensual. (...) We argue instead that it is possible for students, teenagers, employees, etc. to fully consent to sexually predatory encounters; denying as much renders survivors of predation vulnerable to compounding harms. Survivors face a dilemma: give up either their understanding of their experience as wrong, or their self-conception as an agent capable of consenting. We call the latter phenomenon agential demotion. (shrink)

Pateman challenges the way contemporary society functions by questioning the standard interpretation of an idea that is deeply embedded in American and British political thought: that our rights and freedoms derive from the social contract explicated by Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau and interpreted in the United States by the Founding Fathers. The author shows how we are told only half the story of the original contract that establishes modern patriarchy. The sexual contract is ignored and thus men's patriarchal right (...) over women is also glossed over. No attention is paid to the problems that arise when women are excluded from the original contract but incorporated into the new contractual order. One of the main targets of the book is those who try to turn contractarian theory to progressive use, and a major thesis of the book is that this is not possible. Thus those feminists who have looked to a more "proper" contract- one between genuinely equal partners, or one entered into without any coercion- are misleading themselves. In the author's words, "In contract theory universal freedom is always a hypothesis, a story, a political fiction. Contract always generates political right in the forms of domination and subordination." Thus the book is also aimed at mainstream political theorists, and socialist and other critics of contract theory. The author offers a sweeping challenge to conventional understandings- of both left and right- of actual contracts in everyday life: the marriage contract, the employment contract, the prostitution contract, and the new surrogate mother contract. By bringing a feminist perspective to bear on the contradictions and paradoxes surrounding women and contract, and the relation between the sexes, she is able to shed new light on fundamental political problems of freedom and subordination. (shrink)

Many journals and publishers employ online submission systems to process manuscripts. In some cases, one “template” format exists, but it is then molded slightly to suit the specific needs of each journal, a decision made by the editor-in-chief or editors. In the past few years, there has been an increase in the number of cases in which OSSs have been abused, mostly by the authorship, either through the creation of fake identities or the use of false e-mail accounts. Although the (...) abusive or fraudulent authors are at fault in such cases, the fact that such cases remained undetected for so long is of concern. Moreover, the current OSSs are imperfect, have security issues and may not be able to detect false information, except through post-submission verification. Sting operations, which involve the submission of false manuscripts with false identities and false affiliations, are no less unethical, and those who abuse the publishing protocol deserve to be as reprimanded as those who abuse OSSs. Finally, I question the ethics of editors or publishers creating OSS accounts on behalf of reviewers prior to obtaining their explicit permission. doi: 10.5294/pebi.2016.20.2.3. (shrink)

Sex is an important part of human life. It is a source of pleasure and intimacy, and is integral to many people’s self-identity. This chapter examines the opportunities and challenges posed by the use of AI in how humans express and enact their sexualities. It does so by focusing on three main issues. First, it considers the idea of digisexuality, which according to McArthur and Twist (2017) is the label that should be applied to those ‘whose primary sexual identity (...) comes through the use of technology’, particularly through the use of robotics and AI. While agreeing that this phenomenon is worthy of greater scrutiny, the chapter questions whether it is necessary or socially desirable to see this as a new form of sexual identity. Second, it looks at the role that AI can play in facilitating human-to-human sexual contact, focusing in particular on the use of self-tracking and predictive analytics in optimising sexual and intimate behaviour. There are already a number of apps and services that promise to use AI to do this, but they pose a range of ethical risks that need to be addressed at both an individual and societal level. Finally, it considers the idea that a sophisticated form of AI could be an object of love. Can we be truly intimate with something that has been ‘programmed’ to love us? Contrary to the widely-held view, this chapter argues that this is indeed possible. (shrink)

A common belief is that, among our sexual dispositions, sexual orientations are important and deep features of who someone is. This distinguishes them from other sexual dispositions—“mere” preferences—that are thought to be trivial in comparison. Is there a way to adequately account for this distinction? What is a plausible explanation for the belief that sexual orientation is a deep and important feature of who one is? This paper defends one necessary condition for a sexual disposition (...) to be an orientation, the well-being condition: if a sexual disposition is an orientation, then the inability to act on it lowers one’s well-being by rendering one’s life sexually deprived. The paper argues that the well-being condition better explains than other criteria the belief that orientations are important features of who one is. The paper concludes by tracing the implications of this view to the common understanding of sexual orientation. (shrink)

A dazzling treatise, as erudite and eloquent as Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex and considerably more sound in its conclusion - TLS "He is an eloquent and practised writer" - The Independent (UK) When John desires Mary or Mary desires John, what does either of them want? What is meant by innocence, passion, love and arousal, desire, perversion and shame? These are just a few of the questions Roger Scruton addresses in this thought-provoking intellectual adventure. Beginning from purely philosophical (...) premises, and ranging over human life, art and institutions, he surveys the entire field of sexuality; equally dissatisfied with puritanism and permissiveness, he argues for a radical break with recent theories. Upholding traditional morality - though in terms that may shock many of its practitioners - his argument gravitates to that which is candid, serene and consoling in the experience of sexual love. (shrink)

This chapter delineates several distinct (and often problematically conflated) kinds of sexual exclusion: (1) lack of access to sexual gratification or pleasure, (2) lack of access to partnered sex, and (3) lack of social/psychological validation that comes from being seen as a sexual being. Liberman offers proposals about what our collective responses to these harms should be while weighing in on debates about whether there are rights to various kinds of sexual goods. She concludes that we (...) ought to provide mechanical assistance to those who are incapable of self-stimulation, enhance access to sexual education for everyone, and engage in a systematic effort to change the harmful social norms, stereotypes, and cultural ideals that drive exclusion from partnered sex and can lead to social invalidation. (shrink)

Although the idea that sexual violence is a “structural” problem is not new, the lack of specification as to what that entails blocks effective responses to it. This paper illustrates the concept of sexual violence as structural in the sense of containing a type of moral wrong called “structural wrong” and discusses its practical implications. First, I introduce a distinction between two types of moral wrongs—interactional wrongs and structural wrongs—and I argue that the moral problem of sexual (...) violence includes both types, each of which calls for a different set of moral responses. Second, drawing on Iris Marion Young’s social connection model of responsibility, I argue that recognizing the structural-wrong element of sexual violence does not reduce individual perpetrators’ responsibility for it. Instead, it implies that a broader group of agents are required to join collective actions to reform the social structure. I conclude by evaluating some preventive programs against sexual violence through the lens of structural wrongs and providing directions to advance them. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to understand if and how interactions with Sexual Robots will modify users’ relational abilities in human-human relations. We first underline that, in today’s scholar discussion on the ‘symbolic argument’, there is no theoretical framework explaining the process of symbolic shift between human-robot interactions (HRI) and human-human interactions (HHI). To clarify the symbolic shift mechanism, we propose the concept of objectual mediation. Moreover, under the lens of Winnicott’s object-relation theory, we argue that HRI can (...) structurally modify users relationality, degrading intersubjective abilities: Sexual Robots may blurry the limit between the ‘internal object’ and the external one. We conclude that, under certain conditions, interactions with Sexual Robots may bring the user back to an infantile object-relation setting, worsening the user ability to manage relational frustration. This will negatively impact on human-human interactions and social values in general. -/- . (shrink)

Sexual lust – understood as a feeling of sexual attraction towards another – has traditionally been viewed as a sort of desire or at least as an appetite akin to hunger. I argue here that this view is, at best, significantly incomplete. Further insights can be gained into certain occurrences of lust by noticing how strongly they resemble occurrences of “attitudinal” (“object-directed”) emotion. At least in humans, the analogy between the object-directed appetites and attitudinal emotions goes well beyond (...) their psychological structure to include similar ways in which their occurrence can be introspectively recognized, resulting in similar extensions of their functionality and meaningfulness to the subject. I conclude that although further research is needed, given the strength of the analogy, the ability of lust to satisfy some general requirements for being an emotion, and perhaps certain neurological findings, lust may somewhat uniquely straddle the line between appetite and emotion. (shrink)

To develop a theoretical framework for drawing moral distinctions between instances of sexual misconduct, I defend the “Ameliorative View” of consent, according to which there are three possibilities for what effect, if any, consent has: “fully valid consent” eliminates a wronging, “fully invalid consent” has no normative effect, and “partially valid consent” has an ameliorative effect on a wronging in the respect that it makes the wronging less grave. I motivate the view by proposing a solution to the problem (...) of characterizing the moral effect of consent that is given in response to minor coercion. (shrink)

I argue that the right to sexual satisfaction of severely physically and mentally disabled people and elderly people who suffer from neurodegenerative diseases can be fulfilled by deploying sex robots; this would enable us to satisfy the sexual needs of many who cannot provide for their own sexual satisfaction; without at the same time violating anybody’s right to sexual self-determination. I don’t offer a full-blown moral justification of deploying sex robots in such cases, as not all (...) morally relevant concerns can be addressed here; rather, I put forward a plausible way of fulfilling acute sexual needs without thereby violating anybody’s sexual rights. (shrink)