Hegel

Archives de Philosophie 3 (3):421-453 (2007)
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Abstract

D’un bout à l’autre de son œuvre, Hegel conçoit l’esprit à partir du schème de la vie entendue comme identité de l’identité et de la différence. Dans ses travaux de jeunesse, il comprend la vie comme union de l’esprit et du sensible, de l’âme et du corps, identifie cette union spirituelle et sensible à la beauté, découvre cette beauté dans la Cité grecque, dans la religion qui anime un peuple. Arrivé à Iéna, il ne conçoit plus la vie de l’esprit sous sa modalité la plus élevée comme une union de l’esprit et du sensible mais comme union de l’esprit avec ses propres manifestations spirituelles. L’État possède la puissance prodigieuse de laisser ses propres moments se développer jusqu’à devenir indépendants, tout en les ramenant en son propre sein, surmontant ainsi sa propre mort. Il accomplit l’union vivante de l’esprit avec lui-même, du moins quand les individus qu’il englobe et transcende, devenus en principe autonomes et indépendants, le veulent comme leur but suprême. From beginning to end of his work, Hegel conceives the Spirit from schema of the life understood as an identity of identity and difference. In his youth’s works, he understands the life as an union of Spirit and Sensible, of soul and body, identifies this spiritual and sensible union with the beauty, discovers this beauty in the Greek City, in the religion that gives life to a people. Arrived at Iena, he doesn’t conceive any more the life of Spirit under its highest modality as an union of Spirit and Sensible but as an union of Spirit with its own spiritual manifestations. The State owns the prodigious power to let its own moments develop until they become independent while bringing them back in its own bosom and like this overcoming its own dead. It achieves the living union of Spirit with itself, at least when the individuals that it includes and transcends, theoretically became autonomous and independent, want it as their supreme goal.

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