T. 1. Zusammenhänge, Ideen, Erkenntnisse.

In nonstandard measure theory the standard part map is very useful to represent standard measures by Loeb measures. We give here a different method of representing measures using the concept of a σ -homomorphism. As an application a measure extension theorem is derived. Finally a nonstandard proof of a result of Pták is given showing that his assumption of nonmeasurable cardinality is redundant.

Two methods of dealing with the addiction to narcotics are being examined: the restrictive as well as the permissive approach. The former aims to set up a society which is totally free from drugs, while the latter is in favour of a more liberal solution. The restrictive approach appears to have failed, but the more sensible attitude towards these problems is rapidly gaining ground.

At the present time Karl Barths criticism of modernity is certainly a decisive subject of Protestant ethics. The ethical theory of Trutz Rendtorff on the other hand advises a change to the notion of critical modernity. The author regards on both sides tendencies, which Iead to a new modell of an ethic of reponsibility in the context of pluralistic societies.

After haring presented statistical data, an ethical framework for analysing the poverty-problem is discussed, using this framework the roots of the poverty-problem are analyzed: poverty causing rules of allocation and of distribution, deficient transfer systems. Basing on this analysis the elements of an anti-poverty strategy are shown.

O presente trabalho apresenta a necessidade da abordagem de tipo fenomenológico, distinguindo entre a fenomenologia antiga e a nova e mostrando como se deu a ruptura entre ambas.