Ovaj rad pokazuje kako pojam mjere, koji je jedan od najmnogoznačnijih filozofijskih pojmova, počinje dobivati etički smisao tijekom povijesnog razvoja grčke filozofije. U prvom dijelu pokazuje se kako se u Homerovim epovima riječ ‘mjera’ i srodne riječi odnose isključivo na konkretno mjerljive količine. Drugi se dio bavi mijenom značenja, koja se zbiva u pitagorovskom mišljenju. Tu se najviše pažnje poklanja povijesnim okolnostima nastanka grčkog polisa, za što je vrlina umjerenosti bila neophodno potrebna. U tom kontekstu pobliže se razmatraju Filolajevi i (...) Arhitini fragmenti, budući da oni ukazuju na političku važnost mjere i mjerenja. Treći dio posvećen je analizi relevantnog odjeljka iz Platonova Državnika u kojem Platon razlikuje dvije vrste mjerenja: brojčano i drugo, koje se može nazvati ‘deontičkim’, koje mjeri ono više i manje u odnosu na ‘pravu mjeru’ . Druga vrsta mjerenja je također i etičko mjerenje utoliko što uključuje različite prosudbe svrhe, ciljeva i prirode čovjeka.The aim of this article is to show how the concept of »measure«, which is one of the most intricate and manifold philosophical concepts, started acquiring ethical meanings in the course of Greek philosophical thought. In the first part it is discussed how the word »measure« and its cognates refer exclusively to concretely measurable quantities in Homer’s epics. The second part deals with the switch of meaning that started happening in the Pythagorean thought. In this part more attention is paid to historical references of emergence of the Greek polis for which the virtue of temperance was indispensable. In this context fragments of Philolaus and Archytas are more closely observed because they point to political importance of measure and measurement. The third part is dedicated to analysis of the relevant passage in Plato’s Statesman in which Plato distinguishes between two concepts of measurement: one numerical and the other, which can be called »deontic«, which measures more and less with respect to the »right measure« . The second kind of measurement is also ethical because it includes various judgments of purpose, goals, and human nature. (shrink)

Although there are many questions to be asked about philosophy of mathematics, the fundamental questions to be asked will be questions about what the mathematical object is in view of being and what the mathematical reasoning is in view of knowledge. It is clear that other problems will develop in parallel within the framework of the answers to these questions. For this rea­ son, when we approach Aristotle's philosophy of mathematics over these two basic problems, we come up with the (...) concept of abstraction. In our work, I will try to explain the mathematical abstraction that Aristotle has developed to understand mathematical philosophy. (shrink)

Criticism of science and mathematics in Islamic manuscripts in Malay Archipelago.