[ita] Henri de Lubac, che ha dedicato alla Sacra Scrittura la poderosa “ Esegesi medioevale”, ho sottolineato l'importanza della costituzione conciliare “Dei Verbum” che recupera l'idea originaria della Rivelazione come rivelazione non di tanti “articoli di fede”, atomicamente concepiti, ma dell'unica Persona del Verbo incarnato. Per cui credere non è aderire a tante verità frammentate, ma aderire alla Presenza di Cristo, il Verbo fattosi carne. [en] Henri de Lubac, who dedicated the "Medieval exegesis" to sacred writing, underlined the (...) importance of the conciliatory constitution "Dei Verbum", which rediscovers the original idea of revelation as revelation not of several "articles of faith", atomically conceived, but of the living Person of the Incarnate Verb. Believing does not mean adhering to many fragmented truths, but in the presence of Christ. (shrink)

Lo studio inquadra l’ambivalente rapporto di S. Girolamo con la filosofia antica nel contesto romano di fine IV secolo: come Ambrosiaster, anche Girolamo considera la filosofia un esercizio di dialettica e utilizza l’opposizione fra filosofi e apostoli pescatori per teorizzare uno stile umile nell’esegesi. Tuttavia, non rinunzia all’eredità della cultura classica, proponendo un uso cauto e selettivo della filosofia, attraverso la metafora della “bella prigioniera”. La filosofia è recuperata come anticipazione della vita ascetica, concepita come “vera filosofia”, e dà (...) il suo apporto all’esegesi biblica a livello metodologico e contenutistico sulla base della tripartizione in etica, fisica e logica e di uno studio fondato sulle auctoritates. Il commentatore delle Scritture è per Girolamo il vero philosophus Christi, in quanto la Scrittura è la vera sapienza da ricercare. (shrink)

v. 1. Traduzioni e commenti da Prolegomeni, Fondazione della metafisica dei costumi, Critica del giudizio, a cura di N. De Sanctis.--v. 2. Studi critici su Kant e il kantismo, a cura di L. Rossi.

The image of wine has a “spiritual sense”, which helps the faithful to understand the principles of their belief. Its mystery is connected with the theme of “sober inebriation”, developed by Philo of Alexandria and Origen, and culminating in Ambrose. The good wines that the bride enjoys before the groom’s arrival are a symbol of the good doctrines of the OT, whose teachings are however inferior to the revelation of the incarnate Christ. Good, sweet wine, meanwhile, refers to the doctrines (...) of the NT interpreted spiritually, the logos that helps us begin to know Christ, to bind ourselves to him in ecclesial unity and to love our neighbour. It also leads us to the “winepress”, i.e. renouncing superfluous land, becoming “full of must” and inebriated, so that we can dedicate ourselves to contemplation. The vine has a Christological value and catechetical function, dating back to John 15.1, which is often quoted with Saint Paul. The place where the vine is born and develops is the soul; the Logos supports its flowering in those who, by their free will, choose to flourish. The cluster of grapes refers to Christ, or to the victory of the righteous; the many grapes that he contains are believers. The vineyard is a symbol of the church formed by the pagans, of the commandments of God, or of the good things that God gave to man, who did not preserve them, having been stripped of them by the devil. The guardians of the vineyard are angels or priests. (shrink)

In questo articolo rifletto sulla nascita della grammatica araba e il suo sviluppo come fonte dell’esegesi coranica dall’VIII al XIV secolo. Il legame tra esegesi e grammatica è stato oggetto di diversi studi che esaminano le origini delle categorie grammaticali. Sebbene non ci sia evidenza di uno spiccato interesse per la grammatica da parte degli esegeti coranici, essi hanno comunque dovuto adoperarla per spiegare i significati del testo sacro. In particolare, nei commentari classici è data particolare attenzione alla (...) lessicografia e meno alla struttura grammaticale. A ogni modo, in alcuni passaggi, anche se sporadici, le categorie grammaticali stesse fungono da spiegazione, essendo portatrici di significati. Questo si evince dalla letteratura sufi dove le terminologie della grammatica araba sono simboli delle stazioni dell’anima nel cammino spirituale, come nella _Grammatica dei cuori_ di al-Qushayrī. In questo articolo, analizzo il ruolo della grammatica nelle Scienze Coraniche secondo il teologo al-Ghazālī e dopo una panoramica della storia della disciplina nel periodo classico della storia islamica, e evidenzio il modo in cui le terminologie grammaticali servono per la comprensione profonda del significato nella Sūra al-Fātiha nel commentario sunnita di Ibn Kathīr. In this article I reflect on the emergence of Arabic grammar and its development as a source for Qur’ān exegesis from VIII to XIV century. The connection between exegesis and grammar has been the subject of several studies examining the origin of grammatical categories. Although there is no evidence of a clear interest for grammar by Qur’ān exegetes, they necessarily used it to explain the meanings of the sacred text. In particular, in the classical commentaries there is a particular attention to lexicography and less to the grammatical structure. However, in some passages, even if sporadic, the grammatical categories themselves perform an explanatory function, being bearers of meanings. This is manifest in Sufi literature where Arabic grammar terminologies are symbols of the stations of souls in the spiritual path, like in the _Grammar of the heart_ by al-Qushayrī. In this article, I analyse the status of grammar in Quranic Sciences according to the theologian al-Ghazālī and after an overview on the history of the discipline in the classical period of Islamic History, and I highlight the way grammar terminologies serve as a key to understand profound meaning in sura al-Fātiha in Ibn Kathīr’s sunni commentary. (shrink)

From the starting point of Jesus's double self-definition as 'Door' in John 10.1-10 (10.7.9), in the solemn context of a disquisition on revelation, introduced by the formula Amen Amen and by I AM, indicating Christ as mediator, the article proposes a rereading and reinterpretation of some Greek and Latin authors from 4th to 6th century. By examining the meaning of the term Door, one can seize several aspects that go beyond the text: the statement mediation towards the Father, the different (...) ways of the mediation: the salvific one, the ecclesiological side, the application to moral, ascetic, spiritual life and the escathological emphasis. (shrink)

In Augustine's theological reflection, the biblical truth of “creation out of nothingness” becomes the dogmatic foundation of his philosophical speculation. Augustine argues that since “matter” is eternal, nothing can be derived from “nothingness”. He thus opposes the metaphysical paradigm of Christian thought which places God (“efficient cause”) and nothingness (“deficient cause”) as the origin of all existence. The “material cause” is no longer the “prime cause” of all beings but is replaced by the meontological dimension of absolute nothingness. The shifting (...) of the metaphysical paradigm in Augustine's speculation on the revealed truth of creatio ex nihilo leads to a theoretical gain: “nothingness” becomes a philosophical foundation capable of preserving both the truth of God's absolute freedom and the negation of all pantheism. (shrink)

Numenio appartiene all’ambito degli interpreti medioplatonici dei dialoghi di Platone; nel Medioplatonismo, infatti, si diffuse la tendenza a interpretare la filosofia di Platone come in chiave sistematica. Il dialogo più rilevante per questa operazione esegetica nel Medioplatonismo fu certamente il Timeo. In questo contributo intendo concentrarmi sull’interpretazione delle pagine 28a-29a del Timeo da parte di Numenio di Apamea ed esaminarne l’esegesi alla luce della sua prospettiva onto-teologica. Nel Timeo, l’utilizzo del verbo βλέπω ha la funzione di descrivere il fatto (...) che il demiurgo è contemplativo nei confronti del paradigma intelligibile. In Numenio, invece, l’associazione del verbo βλέπω al demiurgo è volta a mostrare il ruolo di mediatore che il secondo dio svolge tra il primo principio e la materia. In questo modo si mostrerà come i passi del Timeo vengano interpretati da Numenio alla luce della sua metafisica dualista. (shrink)

Theon of Smyrna was a professor of Platonism and, as the Platonists of his age, an exegete of the Timaeus. The only work we have, the Expositio rerum mathematicarum ad legendum Platonem utilium, is complete and consistent: it discusses the foundations and the characteristics of the τάξις that makes the world well structured. Theon found this doctrine in the Timaeus and in the Epinomis, and he argued it again through mathematical illustrations with the aim of demonstrating, according to Plato, the (...) presence of harmony both in the incorporeal and in the corporeal realm: Theon’s purpose can’t be grasped without referring to his platonic exegetical activity. (shrink)

Theon of Smyrna was a professor of Platonism and, as the Platonists of his age, an exegete of the Timaeus. The only work we have, the Expositio rerum mathematicarum ad legendum Platonem utilium, is complete and consistent: it discusses the foundations and the characteristics of the τάξις that makes the world well structured. Theon found this doctrine in the Timaeus and in the Epinomis, and he argued it again through mathematical illustrations with the aim of demonstrating, according to Plato, the (...) presence of harmony both in the incorporeal and in the corporeal realm: Theon’s purpose can’t be grasped without referring to his platonic exegetical activity. (shrink)

A valuable survey and appraisal of Kantian exegesis and criticism of the second half of the 19th century, including such philosophers as Liebmann, Paulsen, Riehl, Windelband and Vaihinger. The author divides the critics according to their dominant interest in Kant and so presents studies of Kantian psychology and transcendental ism, rationalism, positivism, and empiricism, among others.--R. D. G.