Hannah Arendt réfléchit, dans toute son œuvre, aux conditions d’une action libre. Elle commence sa réflexion, à la suite de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, par interroger les bouleversements induits par les régimes totalitaires et montre en quoi ils ont détruit l’espace public qui sépare et relie les membres d’une société au profit de la domination de l’idéologie, qui récuse toute action. Mais il y a un héritage des totalitarismes, au-delà de leur défaite, c’est la disparition de l’autorité et de ses (...) figures historiques, parce que l’autorité ne se réduit pas à la contrainte et permet l’existence d’un cadre commun pour les libertés publiques, sans lequel ces dernières peuvent difficilement se rencontrer, se frotter, se féconder, coopérer. L’action décline alors au profit de la consommation, la liberté au profit de la seule indépendance privée. (shrink)

L'écologie est avant tout la prise de conscience que nomme est partie intégrante de son milieu, ce qui génère sa condition depuis ses origines. De tous temps et dans toutes les sociétés, elle est ce qui nous fait, ce qui nous rattache à une humanité commune. Notre civilisation s'est enfermée dans des impasses : prépondérance du court terme, épuisement des ressources naturelles, concurrence élevée au rang de modèle... Elle exerce sur nous des contraintes, souvent chargées de promesses alléchantes, et nous (...) prive du pouvoir d'être, individuellement comme collectivement, maîtres de nos vies, en vivant en harmonie avec nous-mêmes. Elle substitue à la réalité un récit imaginaire qui produit en nous insatisfaction et frustration. La logique de la technique moderne est de ne considérer dans la nature que ce qui sert directement à la croissance de la production, ignorant et détruisant tout le reste. Pourtant, l'humanité ne pourra aller jusqu'au bout de sa puissance, parce que cette fin correspondrait à son anéantissement. Il est grand temps de comprendre que notre condition n'est pas sans condition. Ce qui nous fait propose en toute simplicité une philosophie de l'homme à l'époque de la crise écologique afin d'ouvrir des pistes pour réconcilier l'humanité avec elle-même. (shrink)

En janvier 1938, dans un magazine de reportages au titre simple (Fotos), paraît un article non signé consacré aux femmes républicaines ; la revue paraît depuis le 25 février 1937 et se trouve localisée à Saint Sébastien depuis le mois de septembre ; placée à la fin de la guerre d'Espagne sous la direction du phalangiste Manuel Fernández Cuesta, elle survivra jusqu'en 1963. Rares dans la collection des années de guerre, les reportages sur les femmes portent essentiellement sur la Phalan...

En janvier 1938, dans un magazine de reportages au titre simple (Fotos), paraît un article non signé consacré aux femmes républicaines ; la revue paraît depuis le 25 février 1937 et se trouve localisée à Saint Sébastien depuis le mois de septembre ; placée à la fin de la guerre d'Espagne sous la direction du phalangiste Manuel Fernández Cuesta, elle survivra jusqu'en 1963. Rares dans la collection des années de guerre, les reportages sur les femmes portent essentiellement sur la Phalan...

Depuis 1994, la revue Arenal est, en Espagne, la publication de référence sur l’histoire des femmes et le genre. Le dossier proposé dans ce numéro – daté de 2005 alors que les articles ont été rédigés en 2006 –, intitulé « Femmes sous le régime franquiste », est coordonné par Mónica Moreno Seco, de l’Université d’Alicante, spécialiste du genre et des questions religieuses aux xixe et xxe siècles. Le principe du dossier consiste à réunir sur un même thème des spécialistes (...) de disciplines complé... (shrink)

Une recherche pluridisciplinaire originale et extrêmement précise, consacrée aux « Femmes dans les municipalités ; maires et conseillères municipales en Espagne contemporaine » vient de paraître sous la direction de Gloria Nielfa, professeure et historienne du contemporain et du genre de l’Université Complutense de Madrid, dont les recherches font autorité. L’ambition est claire : recueillir toute la documentation existante, quelle qu’en soit la forme, privée ou publique (témoignages des actr...

Ce livre co-rédigé par deux historiennes des universités espagnoles de Valence et Málaga, correspond à la fois à une exigence pédagogique et à une ambition scientifique : l’approche, pour un public universitaire (la collection est placée sous la direction de Elena Hernández Sandoica) d’une période a priori très documentée : la fin de la Monarchie des Bourbons - règne d’Alphonse XIII et dictature de Primo de Rivera - la Seconde République et la guerre d’Espagne. Mais la lecture proposée ici es...

In this paper, I examine alternative feminist activism and social movements in Egypt by analyzing BuSSy. BuSSy is a performance art group that hosts storytelling workshops and monologues of taboo and “shameful” personal stories that challenge societal and state-sanctioned normative discourses on femininity/womanhood and masculinity/manhood. Drawing on transnational feminist scholarship and queer theory and using collective memory as a lens, I argue that BuSSy’s storytelling is an act of airing Egypt’s dirty laundry, queering normative discourses to enable feminist counter-memorializing. Based (...) on content analysis of secondary data including BuSSy’s published interviews, YouTube videos, website and Facebook images, and testimonies from 2006 to 2020, my analysis reveals BuSSy as curating an “archive of feelings” centralizing gendered narratives of shame. I examine how BuSSy’s affectively contagious storytelling leads to feminist social change by empowering storytellers and listeners. BuSSy’s works create cathartic experiences to shed stigma and shame. Finally, I reconceptualize feminist activism and collective memories outside of the 2011 Egyptian revolution and contribute to the literature on shame by analyzing how BuSSy identifies and counters shame’s silencing power. (shrink)

When Anquetil-Duperron landed at Pondicherry in 1755, in search of the sacred books of the “Indous et des Parses” (“Hindus and Parsees”), he surely had no idea that he was inaugurating a new discipline, Indianism. He returned to France in 1761, laden with a whole library of Indian texts which he was to spend the rest of his life deciphering. That year was a turning point in Indian history: the Marathes, on the verge of becoming the dominant power of the (...) entire Indian continent, were crushed in Panipat, north of Delhi, by the armies of an Afhgan invasion, and this catastrophe halted their advance for a while. During the same year, in the south of India, Lally-Tollendal was beaten and taken prisoner by the English, thereby destroying the French dream, shared by Dupleix and Bussy, of creating an Indian empire for themselves. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Introduction to the 30th Anniversary Issue of Philosophy, Psychiatry, & PsychologyJohn Z. Sadler (bio)This issue marks the 30th anniversary of Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology (PPP). All of us at the journal are grateful to our authors, readers, editors, and publishers for enabling this landmark. To commemorate this event, I invited our Founding Editor and Chair of the Advisory Board, K.W.M. "Bill" Fulford to write a brief essay, along with (...) our panel of smart and industrious senior editors. Their instructions were simple: 500 words on PPP past, present, and/or future. These essays appear in the pages to follow. As Editor-in-Chief, I write about PPP's early commitments as a scholarly journal, situate these in the history of academic publishing, and muse over our current moment.Bill Fulford briefly discusses the early years of the journal in his essay. My perspective emerges from an editor's perspective. As co-editors in the early years, Bill and I were committed to an international authorship with comparable editorial oversight. We wanted to build a journal that would equally recognize clinical science and practice and philosophy, maintaining the rigor of each field. We saw philosophers and mental health practitioners as equal partners, collaborators, innovators, and educators. More important, PPP was intended to offer up the best criticism of the mental health and related fields.The scattershot history of scholarly editing has identified several functions of the editor over the centuries following Gutenberg's invention of the printing press in the mid-1440s. The earliest editors took liberties with the language of the Bible, trying to make it more accessible to the public; the printing press permitted fast and inexpensive reproduction. Not surprisingly, this popularizing of the Bible led to praise as well as outrage. The printing of other scholarly works followed quickly. In 1470, only about 25 years after the invention of the printing press, Niccolo Perroni called for Pope Paul II to censor Andrea Bussi's edition of Pliny the Elder's Natural History, an anthology of then-ancient writings about the natural world. This marked the first recorded instance of censorship of a more-or-less secular scholarly work (Monfasani, 1988). In the ensuing centuries, "editors" initially were the popularizers, and later the gatekeepers of texts worth (and not worth) reading. In the [End Page 1] ensuing centuries into the present, editors have been venerated both as defenders of good reading and reviled as censors or intellectual selfaggrandizers.The current moment, in my view, represents a crisis in the history of editing and editorship. Digital communications have liberated communications worldwide. However, this liberty has come at the cost of colossal amounts of material not worth reading and an explosion of divisive, destructive discourse. Even worse, internet "trolls" on social media have moved bullying out of the schoolyard and into international cyberspace. Determining what is worth reading has moved away from a cluster of (hopefully) responsible editors to anyone who wants to go to the small effort of silencing others through online harassment and even violent threats. Such cyberbullying does not eliminate elitism, but instead substitutes a toxic online "elite" without principle other than self-promotion and the alienation of others. Our contemporary online culture has yet to figure out how to shape what is, and is not, worth reading.My wish and intent for the future of PPP is to maintain and grow our place of rational, deliberative, and open discourse, even in the face of such disruptive cultural change.John Z. Sadler John Z. Sadler, MD, is the Editor-in-Chief of PPP. He is the Daniel W. Foster, MD, Professor of Medical Ethics at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, as well as a Professor of Psychiatry there. He has been a PPP editor since its inception.ReferenceMonfasani, J. (1988). The first call for press censorship: Niccolo Perotti, Giovanni Andrea Bussi, Antonio Moreto, and the editing of Pliny's Natural History. Renaissance Quarterly, 41, 1–31. Google ScholarCopyright © 2023 Johns Hopkins University Press... (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:NOTES AND DISCUSSIONS 69 in pre-Socratic scholarship. But he does not do justice to the religious mood which pervades the whole poem (a mood which is set by the prologue which casts the whole work into the form of some kind of religious revelation). The prologue is considerably more than a mere literary device, and the poem is more than logic. Generally, Jaeger9 and Guthrie are surely correct in (...) their judgment that any adequate interpretation of Parmenides' work (as well as that of the other early Greek thinkers) must be willing to take into account its essentially theological character and religious inspirationl~ not always grasped through strict analysis and exegesis. g Theolooy of the Early C-reekPhilosophers, trans. Edward S. Robinson (Oxford, 1947), p. lff, 90ft. agCf. Guthrie's excellent statement: "...Parmenides was at one with Heraclitus in claiming a prophetic or apocalyptic authority for his teaching." And again, the Greeks believed in "an inspiration whereby-the poet is granted deeper insight into the truth than other men" (p. 6). ED. L. MILLER University of Colorado AN UNKNOWN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH TRANSLATION OF SEXTUS EMPIRICUS* I. Introduction Included in a collection of manuscripts and early printed books recently acquired by the Library of the University of California, Los Angeles, from the Paris bookdealer Paul Jammes ~ are three manuscripts attributed to a certain Nicolas de la Toison, Baron de Bussy. Two of the three volumes contain extensive Latin commentaries on the major writings of Aristotle.2 The third is a miscellaneous volume written in three different hands, which contains, among other things, a complete French translation of the extant writings of Sextus Empiricus (c. A.D. 160-210).3 I * I would like to express my thanks to Mr. Richard O'Brien, Western European Bibliographer of the UCLA Library, for his help in numerous ways, who made it possible for me to consult this material during my sojourn in Los Angeles, even before it had been officially catalogued by the Library. I would also like to thank Professors Donald Kalish and Robert Yost of the UCLA Department of Philosophy for their support in making it possible for the collection to be purchased. 1For a brief description of the collection as a whole see Charles B. Schmitt, "Acquisition of Early French Books and Manuscripts", UCLA Librarian, XIX (1966)~25. 2These two manuscripts are bound m red leather with gold tooling. Thear present shelf mark is Collection 968, Box 2. On the spines is written: (1) PHILOSOPHIA.TO.I, and (2) METAPHYSIC ET PHYSICA TO.2. They measure approximately 10 X 14 cm. and each contains about 600fois. At the beginning of Vol. I, in a later hand (19th century?), we read: "Nicolas de la Thoison, baron de Bussy, qui 6crivit ces m6moires, 6tait conseiller laic au Parlement de Bourgogne. Il fur pourru par la r6signation de Pierre Catherine le IV Ddcembre M.DC.XLV et regu le XXIX janvier M.DC.XLVI. I1portait: de queueles dune bands d'or charges en coeur d'une quints feuiUe d'azur--ainsi qu'on le volt dans le Parlement de Bourgogne [Dijon, 1649]de Pierre PaiUot, p. 326." There is also a drawing of the coat-of-arms which has been described. That the de la Toison coat-of-arms is a quintefeuille is verified by Theodore de Renesse, Dictionnaire des figures h$raldiques (Brussels, 1894-1903) III, 461. The passage cited above from the manuscript is directly quoted from Pierre Paillot, Le Parlement de Bouroongne [I], son origins, son $tablissemerit, et son progr~s (Dijon, 1649), p. 326. s A description of this manuscript will be found in the Appendix. 70 HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY shall here only give a preliminary survey of this third manuscript, pointing out some of the more interesting features and mentioning some problems connected with it which should be investigated further in more detail. As is now well-known the writings of Sextus Empiricus, which form the major extant compendium of ancient skeptical philosophy, had quite a significant impact on sixteenth and seventeenth-eentury thought, after their reintroduction in the sixteenth century. ~ Sextus' works were available in printed Latin editions after 15695 and the Greek text was printed in... (shrink)