Розкрито сутність поняття «рейтинг». Доведено значущість рейтингової оцінки для суб’єктів фінансового ринку, зокрема для страхових компаній, потенційних страхувальників, інвесторів та кредиторів.

"Williams's masterful translation satisfies (at last!) a long-standing need. There are lots of good translations of Augustine's great work, but until now we have been forced to choose between those that strive to replicate in English something of the majesty and beauty of Augustine's Latin style and those that opt instead to convey the careful precision of his philosophical terminology and argumentation. Finally, Williams has succeeded in capturing both sides of Augustine's mind in a richly evocative, impeccably reliable, elegantly readable (...) presentation of one of the most impressive achievements in Western thought--Augustine's Confessions." --Scott MacDonald, Professor of Philosophy and Norma K. Regan Professor in Christian Studies, Cornell University. (shrink)

This book offers a critical introduction to the work of American philosopher D. G. Leahy (1937-2014). Leahy's fundamental thinking can be characterized as an absolute creativity in which all creating is 'live' -- a happening occurring now that manifests a supersaturated polyontological actuality that is essentially created by the logic that characterizes it. Leahy leaves behind the categorial presuppositions of modern thought, eclipsing both Cartesian and Hegelian subjectivities and introducing instead an essentially new form of thinking founded in a nondual (...) logic of creation. The new thinking delineates the absolute unicity of existence as a creative interactivity beyond all traditional dichotomies (such as one vs. many, unity vs. plurality, identity vs. change): a fully "digitized" actuality that is nothing but newness, which inherently implies nothing but change. Through this new form of thinking, change itself is revealed to be the very essence of reality and mind. Any reader looking for a quantum leap beyond the thrall of modern and postmodern fixations is invited to hear and apprehend this new thinking that refuses to be conditioned by paradigms, categories, species, genera, walls, bridges, boundaries, or abstractions: an essentially free thinking that embodies creative novelty itself. (shrink)

In this first paperback edition, a new introduction by Tom Burke establishes the ongoing importance of Sleeper's analysis of the integrity of Dewey's work and ...

Political liberals ask citizens not to appeal to certain considerations, including religious and philosophical convictions, in political deliberation. We argue that political liberals must include a demanding requirement of intellectual modesty in their ideal of citizenship in order to motivate this deliberative restraint. The requirement calls on each citizen to believe that the best reasoners disagree about the considerations that she is barred from appealing to. Along the way, we clarify how requirements of intellectual modesty relate to moral reasons for (...) deliberative restraint. And we argue against attempts to weaken our requirement of intellectual modesty by emphasizing those moral reasons. (shrink)

Was ist wirklich? Was ist die Wirklichkeit? Anhand einer epistemologischen Analyse der Physik werden Fragen diskutiert, die der Uberzeugung entspringen, dass das Wissen der exakten Naturwissenschaften -formal-, dass es sogenanntes Verstandeswissen ist, das als solches die Wirklichkeit nicht direkt, nicht adaquat zu reflektieren vermag, dennoch aber die exakten Naturwissenschaften zu allgemeingultigen Gesetzesaussagen uber die Wirklichkeit gelangen. Die Antwort auf die Frage, wie dies moglich ist, wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit gesucht, indem Probleme der Physik sowohl in ihrer modernen Auspragung als (...) auch in ihren antiken Urformen und ihrer klassischen Newtonschen Gestaltung untersucht werden. Dabei ergibt sich, dass die physikalischen Begriffsbildungen massgeblich durch das Prinzip der experimentellen Methode bestimmt sind, das die Begrundung physikalischer Gesetze erst ermoglicht, zugleich aber eine Begrenztheit des physikalischen Wirklichkeitsbegriffs impliziert.". (shrink)