In the last years, there has been an increasing interest in the Christian poet Prudentius and his literary technique. This article wants to show that Propertius’s elegy 4.11, the so-called regina elegiarum, is a crucial intertext for Prudentius, Peristephanon 13. Numerous lexical and motivic references to the Propertian text regarding the matrone Cornelia render it plausible that Prudentius wanted his recipients to read his poem about the Carthagian martyr bishop Cyprian while bearing in mind the Propertian intertext. Furthermore, by choosing (...) a rare metre, Prudentius might also allude to a specific Horatian poem (carm. 1.4) as another important intertext. (shrink)

This chapter is an overview of Giorgio Agamben's engagement, in the Homo Sacer series (1995–2014), with Aristotelian philosophy. It specifically studies Agamben's attempt to deconstruct two Aristotelian conceptual oppositions fundamental for the Western tradition of political thought: (1) that between the bare fact of being alive and "qualified" living (associated by Agamben with an alleged distinction between zōē and bios) and (2) that between potentiality (dynamis) and actuality (energeia). Agamben's concept of form-of-life (forma-di-vita), a life that is never "bare" but (...) always in the process of qualifying itself, is designed to deactivate and overcome these distinctions. In the final volume of the series, The Use of Bodies (2014), this is done with the help of the Aristotelian concepts of use (chrēsis) and habit (hexis). (shrink)

A part une thématisation limitée chez Michel Foucault, quelques références chez Giorgio Agamben, le concept d'usage n'a pas été étudié de près depuis 1927 si l'on excepte l'étude historique à portée théologique de Christian Gnilka, Chrésis, Die Methode der Kirchenväter in Umgang mit der antiken Kultur, I Der Begriff des rechten Gebrauchs, (Schwabe § Co AG Verlag, Basel/Stuttgart, 1984). Si nous nous référons à la date de 1927, c'est qu'il nous semble que la seule pensée de l'usage dans la philosophie (...) contemporaine est bien celle que met en oeuvre Heidegger dans Etre et Temps et dans les cours antérieurs à la publication de l'ouvrage. Or une lecture serrée de ces cours et de l'ouvrage publié en 1927 montre que Heidegger a opéré une reconduction de l'usage au produire et du même coup a manqué l'usage. Cette étude se propose de dévoiler la centralité du concept d'usage dans la pensée antique, principalement à partir de l'étude de l'oeuvre d'Aristote, et sa portée ontologique. Mais, au-delà d'une étude de la pensée antique, elle se propose aussi de montrer la pertinence et la richesse de ce concept qui irrigue toutes les dimensions de la vie et permet de concevoir ce que pourrait être le modus vivendi de notre temps. Après avoir arraché l'usage à sa mécompréhension contemporaine héritée de la pensée de l'utile des Lumières, l'ouvrage se déploie en deux parties. La première envisage comment la philosophie se présente soit comme la condition de tout usage, soit comme la forme suprême de l'usage chez Platon et Aristote, tout en envisageant toutes les modalités de l'usage dans la pensée antique. La seconde partie montre comment la «répétition» d'Aristote par Heidegger recouvre plus qu'elle ne la dévoile la pensée aristotélicienne de l'usage dans l'abondance de ses dimensions en assimilant l'usage au produire et l'oeuvre au produit. (shrink)

The last two volumes of Giorgio Agamben’s Homo Sacer series are concerned with developing a theory of use. This article offers a critical assessment of the two concepts, use and form-of-life, that form the heart of this theory: how do these two notions offer a solution to the problem of bare life that forms the core of the Homo Sacer series? First, the author describes how the original problem of bare life is taken up in The Use of Bodies and (...) how the notion of use offers an important additional characteristic of bare life. Second, inspired by Foucault’s analysis of ancient Cynicism, the author discusses in which sense the type of ‘solution’ Agamben offers to the problem of bare life might be seen as an heir to ancient Cynicism and how this interpretation clarifies his connection of form-of-life and exile. Third, the author critically assesses the different usages of use that we can find in Agamben, by comparing how Franciscan usus, Pauline chrēsis and Platonic chrēsis are taken up in his analysis. Fourth, following Foucault, the author deepens the Platonic sense of use and its relation to taking care of justice. The article concludes with a critical assessment of Agamben’s reading of Plato’s myth of Er, in which the motifs of use, exile, and care are gathered. (shrink)

ABSTRACTThe remarkable philosophical present-day turn to Paul pays a lot of attention to the particular role played by the famous distinctions that structure Paul’s rhetoric such as the distinction between faith and law, life and death, and spirit and flesh. These distinctions lead to the question of whether Paul endorses a dualism or not. In this essay, the author investigates Badiou’s and Agamben’s readings of Paul and asks whether one cannot find a form of dialectics rather than dualism in these (...) readings. The concept of the exception seems to corroborate this suggestion. To examine whether this suggestion makes sense, the author first discusses Badiou’s focus on the antidialectics of death and resurrection as well as the dialectical remnants in Badiou’s reading of Paul. Subsequently, the author analyses Agamben’s dialectical account of the Pauline terms katargein, chrēsis and charis. (shrink)

ABSTRACTThe remarkable philosophical present-day turn to Paul pays a lot of attention to the particular role played by the famous distinctions that structure Paul’s rhetoric such as the distinction between faith and law, life and death, and spirit and flesh. These distinctions lead to the question of whether Paul endorses a dualism or not. In this essay, the author investigates Badiou’s and Agamben’s readings of Paul and asks whether one cannot find a form of dialectics rather than dualism in these (...) readings. The concept of the exception seems to corroborate this suggestion. To examine whether this suggestion makes sense, the author first discusses Badiou’s focus on the antidialectics of death and resurrection as well as the dialectical remnants in Badiou’s reading of Paul. Subsequently, the author analyses Agamben’s dialectical account of the Pauline terms katargein, chrēsis and charis. (shrink)