An l-hemi-implicative semilattice is an algebra $$\mathbf {A} = $$ A= such that $$$$ is a semilattice with a greatest element 1 and satisfies: for every $$a,b,c\in A$$ a,b,c∈A, $$a\le b\rightarrow c$$ a≤b→c implies $$a\wedge b \le c$$ a∧b≤c and $$a\rightarrow a = 1$$ a→a=1. An l-hemi-implicative semilattice is commutative if if it satisfies that $$a\rightarrow b = b\rightarrow a$$ a→b=b→a for every $$a,b\in A$$ a,b∈A. It is shown that the class of l-hemi-implicative semilattices is a variety. These algebras provide (...) a general framework for the study of different algebras of interest in algebraic logic. In any l-hemi-implicative semilattice it is possible to define an derived operation by $$a \sim b := \wedge $$ a∼b:=∧. Endowing $$$$ with the binary operation $$\sim $$ ∼ the algebra $$$$ results an l-hemi-implicative semilattice, which also satisfies the identity $$a \sim b = b \sim a$$ a∼b=b∼a. In this article, we characterize the commutative l-hemi-implicative semilattices. We also provide many new examples of l-hemi-implicative semilattice on any semillatice with greatest element. Finally, we characterize congruences on the classes of l-hemi-implicative semilattices introduced earlier and we characterize the principal congruences of l-hemi-implicative semilattices. (shrink)

An equivalence between the category of MV-algebras and the category $${{\rm MV^{\bullet}}}$$ MV ∙ is given in Castiglioni et al. :67–92, 2014). An integral residuated lattice with bottom is an MV-algebra if and only if it satisfies the equations $${a = \neg \neg a, \vee = 1}$$ a = ¬ ¬ a, ∨ = 1 and $${a \odot = a \wedge b}$$ a ⊙ = a ∧ b. An object of $${{\rm MV^{\bullet}}}$$ MV ∙ is a residuated lattice which in (...) particular satisfies some equations which correspond to the previous equations. In this paper we extend the equivalence to the category whose objects are pairs, where A is an MV-algebra and I is an ideal of A. (shrink)

In this paper we introduce and study a variety of algebras that properly includes integral distributive commutative residuated lattices and weak Heyting algebras. Our main goal is to give a characterization of the principal congruences in this variety. We apply this description in order to study compatible functions.

Let \({\mathcal {K}}\) be a quasivariety. We say that \({\mathcal {K}}\) is a term quasivariety if there exist an operation of arity zero _e_ and a family of binary terms \(\{t_i\}_{i\in I}\) such that for every \(A \in {\mathcal {K}}\), \(\theta \) a \({\mathcal {K}}\) -congruence of _A_ and \(a,b\in A\) the following condition is satisfied: \((a,b)\in \theta \) if and only if \((t_{i}(a,b),e) \in \theta \) for every \(i\in I\). In this paper we study term quasivarieties. For every \(A\in (...) {\mathcal {K}}\) and \(a,b\in A\) we present a description for the smallest \({\mathcal {K}}\) -congruence containing the pair (_a_, _b_). We apply this result in order to characterize \({\mathcal {K}}\) -compatible functions on _A_ (i.e., functions which preserve all the \({\mathcal {K}}\) -congruences of _A_) and we give two applications of this property: (1) we give necessary conditions on \({\mathcal {K}}\) for which for every \(A \in {\mathcal {K}}\) the \({\mathcal {K}}\) -compatible functions on _A_ coincides with a polynomial over finite subsets of _A_; (2) we give a method to build up \({\mathcal {K}}\) -compatible functions. (shrink)

This paper deals about dualities for bounded prelinear Hilbert algebras. In particular, we give an Esakia-style duality between the algebraic category of bounded prelinear Hilbert algebras and a category of H-spaces whose morphisms are certain continuous p-morphisms.

We study some operations that may be defined using the minimum operator in the context of a Heyting algebra. Our motivation comes from the fact that 1) already known compatible operations, such as the successor by Kuznetsov, the minimum dense by Smetanich and the operation G by Gabbay may be defined in this way, though almost never explicitly noted in the literature; 2) defining operations in this way is equivalent, from a logical point of view, to two clauses, one corresponding (...) to an introduction rule and the other to an elimination rule, thus providing a manageable way to deal with these operations. Our main result is negative: all operations that arise turn out to be Heyting terms or the mentioned already known operations or operations interdefinable with them. However, it should be noted that some of the operations that arise may exist even if the known operations do not. We also study the extension of Priestley duality to Heyting algebras enriched with the new operations. (shrink)

In this paper we shall introduce the variety FWHA of frontal weak Heyting algebras as a generalization of the frontal Heyting algebras introduced by Leo Esakia in [ 10 ]. A frontal operator in a weak Heyting algebra A is an expansive operator τ preserving finite meets which also satisfies the equation $${\tau(a) \leq b \vee (b \rightarrow a)}$$, for all $${a, b \in A}$$. These operators were studied from an algebraic, logical and topological point of view by Leo Esakia (...) in [ 10 ]. We will study frontal operators in weak Heyting algebras and we will consider two examples of them. We will give a Priestley duality for the category of frontal weak Heyting algebras in terms of relational spaces $${\langle X, \leq, T, R \rangle}$$ where $${\langle X, \leq, T \rangle}$$ is a WH -space [ 6 ], and R is an additional binary relation used to interpret the modal operator. We will also study the WH -algebras with successor and the WH -algebras with gamma. For these varieties we will give two topological dualities. The first one is based on the representation given for the frontal weak Heyting algebras. The second one is based on certain particular classes of WH -spaces. (shrink)

In this paper we shall prove that certain subvarieties of the variety of Salgebras (Heyting algebras with successor) has amalgamation. This result together with an appropriate version of Theorem 1 of [L. L. Maksimova, Craig’s theorem in superintuitionistic logics and amalgamable varieties of pseudo-boolean algebras, Algebra i Logika, 16(6):643-681, 1977] allows us to show interpolation in the calculus IPC S (n), associated with these varieties.We use that every algebra in any of the varieties of S-algebras studied in this work has (...) a canonical extension, to show completeness of the calculus IPC S (n) with respect to appropriate Kripke models. (shrink)

We study some operations that may be defined using the minimum operator in the context of a Heyting algebra. Our motivation comes from the fact that 1) already known compatible operations, such as the successor by Kuznetsov, the minimum dense by Smetanich and the operation G by Gabbay may be defined in this way, though almost never explicitly noted in the literature; 2) defining operations in this way is equivalent, from a logical point of view, to two clauses, one corresponding (...) to an introduction rule and the other to an elimination rule, thus providing a manageable way to deal with these operations. Our main result is negative: all operations that arise turn out to be Heyting terms or the mentioned already known operations or operations interdefinable with them. However, it should be noted that some of the operations that arise may exist even if the known operations do not. We also study the extension of Priestley duality to Heyting algebras enriched with the new operations. (shrink)

Extending the relation between semi-Heyting algebras and semi-Nelson algebras to dually hemimorphic semi-Heyting algebras, we introduce and study the variety of dually hemimorphic semi-Nelson algebras and some of its subvarieties. In particular, we prove that the category of dually hemimorphic semi-Heyting algebras is equivalent to the category of dually hemimorphic centered semi-Nelson algebras. We also study the lattice of congruences of a dually hemimorphic semi-Nelson algebra through some of its deductive systems.

A hemi-implicative lattice is an algebra \((A,\wedge,\vee,\rightarrow,1)\) of type (2, 2, 2, 0) such that \((A,\wedge,\vee,1)\) is a lattice with top and for every \(a,b\in A\), \(a\rightarrow a = 1\) and \(a\wedge (a\rightarrow b) \le b\). A new variety of hemi-implicative lattices, here named sub-Hilbert lattices, containing both the variety generated by the \(\{\wedge,\vee,\rightarrow,1\}\) -reducts of subresiduated lattices and that of Hilbert lattices as proper subvarieties is defined. It is shown that any sub-Hilbert lattice is determined (up to isomorphism) by (...) a triple (_L_, _D_, _S_) which satisfies the following conditions: _L_ is a bounded distributive lattice, _D_ is a sublattice of _L_ containing 0, 1 such that for each \(a, b \in L\) there is an element \(c \in D\) with the property that for all \(d \in D\), \(a \wedge d \le b\) if and only if \(d \le c\) (we write \(a \rightarrow _D b\) for the element _c_), and _S_ is a non void subset of _L_ such that _S_ is closed under \(\rightarrow _D\) and _S_, with its inherited order, is itself a lattice. Finally, the congruences of sub-Hilbert lattices are studied. (shrink)

In this paper we introduce and study a variety of algebras that properly includes integral distributive commutative residuated lattices and weak Heyting algebras. Our main goal is to give a characterization of the principal congruences in this variety. We apply this description in order to study compatible functions.

An l-hemi-implicative semilattice is an algebra \\) such that \\) is a semilattice with a greatest element 1 and satisfies: for every \, \ implies \ and \. An l-hemi-implicative semilattice is commutative if if it satisfies that \ for every \. It is shown that the class of l-hemi-implicative semilattices is a variety. These algebras provide a general framework for the study of different algebras of interest in algebraic logic. In any l-hemi-implicative semilattice it is possible to define an (...) derived operation by \ \wedge \). Endowing \\) with the binary operation \ the algebra \\) results an l-hemi-implicative semilattice, which also satisfies the identity \. In this article, we characterize the commutative l-hemi-implicative semilattices. We also provide many new examples of l-hemi-implicative semilattice on any semillatice with greatest element. Finally, we characterize congruences on the classes of l-hemi-implicative semilattices introduced earlier and we characterize the principal congruences of l-hemi-implicative semilattices. (shrink)

An equivalence between the category of MV-algebras and the category \ is given in Castiglioni et al. :67–92, 2014). An integral residuated lattice with bottom is an MV-algebra if and only if it satisfies the equations \ \vee = 1}\) and \ = a \wedge b}\). An object of \ is a residuated lattice which in particular satisfies some equations which correspond to the previous equations. In this paper we extend the equivalence to the category whose objects are pairs, where (...) A is an MV-algebra and I is an ideal of A. (shrink)

A subresiduated lattice is a pair, where A is a bounded distributive lattice, D is a bounded sublattice of A and for every there exists the maximum of the set, which is denoted by. This pair can be regarded as an algebra of type (2, 2, 2, 0, 0), where. The class of subresiduated lattices is a variety which properly contains the variety of Heyting algebras. In this paper we study the subvariety of subresiduated lattices, denoted by, whose members satisfy (...) the equation. Inspired by the fact that in any subresiduated lattice whose order is total the previous equation and the condition for every are satisfied, we also study the subvariety of generated by the class whose members satisfy that for every. (shrink)

In this paper we study the variety \(\textsf{WL}\) of bounded distributive lattices endowed with an implication, called weak Lewis distributive lattices. This variety corresponds to the algebraic semantics of the \(\{\vee,\wedge,\Rightarrow,\bot,\top \}\) -fragment of the arithmetical base preservativity logic \(\mathsf {iP^{-}}\). The variety \(\textsf{WL}\) properly contains the variety of bounded distributive lattices with strict implication, also known as weak Heyting algebras. We introduce the notion of WL-frame and we prove a representation theorem for WL-lattices by means of WL-frames. We extended (...) this representation to a topological duality by means of Priestley spaces endowed with a special neighbourhood relation between points and closed upsets of the space. These results are applied in order to give a representation and a topological duality for the variety of weak Heyting–Lewis algebras, i.e., for the algebraic semantics of the arithmetical base preservativity logic \(\textsf{iP}^{-}\). (shrink)

Se analizan las creencias y mitos de 30 jóvenes sobre los sentimientos de una mujer víctima de violencia de género. Se emplean como materiales los anuncios de una campaña gubernamental. Los resultados dibujan una víctima principalmente avergonzada o culpable; en segundo lugar triste e impotente, y en tercer lugar valiente y motivada. Además, sólo un 40% considera que los anuncios ayudan a la mujer. Se detecta una importante pervivencia del mito que responsabiliza a la víctima por ser incapaz de cambiar (...) su situación. Sin embargo, también se detecta un cuestionamiento de dicho mito, y una evolución hacia creencias menos distorsionadas. (shrink)

El ejercicio filosófico de raíz marxista en Chile tiene un capítulo escrito por los intelectuales comunistas de la década del 60 del siglo XX. Uno de ellos, Sergio Vuskovic, se abocó a discutir con las tesis althusserianas que identificaron la teorización de Marx como un antihumanismo teórico. Para oponerse a tal perspectiva, Vuskovic realiza una operación teórica al interior de la obra de Marx con el objetivo de afirmar la categoría de sujeto, así como la interna relación entre ejercicio teórico (...) y praxis socio-histórica. Chilean communist intellectuals of the 1960's wrote a chapter of the history of Marxist philosophy. One of them was Sergio Vuskovic who focused on discussing Marx's theories according to Althusser's thesis of anti-humanism. By affirming the subject category and the internal relationship between "theoretical operation" and socio-historical praxis within Marx's philosophy, Vuskovic opposes Althusser's perspective. (shrink)

The debate about Ortega’s relation to phenomenology has been continuous since the eighties of the last century. Before this date, Ortega’s manifestations that he had abandoned phenomenology at the same moment he came to know it were understood literally, without scrutinising other manifestations of his that he had made on phenomenology, or that his philosophy is similar to that of Husserl’s final works. Both manifestations seek to question the previous ones. The text clarifies first the meaning and importance of this (...) polemic for Spanish philosophy, deeply influenced by that of Ortega’s, and, secondly, I will set out what are the fundamental phenomenological concepts of Ortega’s philosophy. / El debate sobre la relación de Ortega con la fenomenología ha sido continuo desde los años ochenta del siglo pasado. Antes de esta fecha, las manifestaciones de Ortega de que había abandonado la fenomenología en el mismo momento que la conoció, fueron tomadas al pie de la letra, sin examinar otras manifestaciones que había hecho sobre la fenomenología, o la de que su filosofía es similar a la de los últimos trabajos de Husserl. Ambas manifestaciones buscan cuestionar las anteriores. El texto aclara en primer lugar el significado y la importancia de esta polémica en la filosofía española, profundamente influenciada por la de Ortega, y, en segundo lugar, se expondré cuáles son los conceptos fenomenológicos fundamentales de la filosofía de Ortega. (shrink)

El escrito se propone analizar la discusión metodológica desarrollada por Enrique Dussel en la época en que se formuló la filosofía de la liberación; lo que se afirma es que la filosofía de la liberación, en su versión dusseliana, se configura al modo de un diseño metodológico adecuado a la condición de alteridad latinoamericana. Desde este supuesto se abordan algunos puntos de la discusión dusseliana con la filosofía del concepto y con el pensar ontológico en vistas de la configuración de (...) la analéctica. Finalmente, se afirma que la formulación analéctica de la filosofía de la liberación es uno de los modos en que la filosofía latinoamericana desarrolla una propuesta crítica de la categoría de sujeto. This paper sets out to analyze the methodological discussion developed by Enrique Dussel at the time that the philosophy of liberation was formulated; what is stated is that the philosophy of liberation, in its dusselian version, configures an adequate methodological design to the condition of Latin-American otherness. From this assumption some points of the dusselian discussion are undertaken with the philosophy of the concept and with the ontological thinking in views of the configuration of the analectics. Finally, it is stated that the analectic formulation of the philosophy of liberation is one of the ways in which the Latin American philosophy develops a critical proposal of the category of subject. (shrink)

Prsentación del libro El zigzag husserliano, por Ana Lucas, Editorial Endymion, Madrid, 1991. Libro sobre la filosofía del filósofo burgalés Luis Martín Santos.

Shiny es una aplicación para el software R que permite la creación de interfaces para usuarios sin conocimiento de programación. En este trabajo utilizamos em método de mapeo sistemático para la recopilación, análisis y extracción de información en publicaciones que indican el uso de Shiny para explicar conceptos estadísticos. Dentro de las conclusiones se tiene que Shiny es utilizado como herramienta para la realización de experiencias académicas, además como medio para la solución de problemas en las áreas de educación y (...) ciencias naturales y de la vida abordando tópicos de estadística relacionados con estadística pre-inferencial e inferencial, entre otros. (shrink)

El presente texto tiene como objetivo exponer el concepto de “cultura básica”, fundamental en la fenomenología de Lester Em-bree. En la primera parte se expondrá el contexto biográfico de ese texto. En la segunda se abordará el primer avance que hace Lester Embree, para en la tercera centrarse en el artículo fundamental sobre el mismo. El núcleo del concepto está en relación con la diferencia que Lester Embree establece entre la experiencia y la posicionalidad de uso, valoración y creencia. Estas (...) son características o determinaciones culturales que constituyen el mundo humano, que por eso es siempre un mundo cultural. Esa cultura básica se da también, al menos, en algunos animales no humanos. Aunque se alude a puntos problemáticos de esa teoría, no se entra de lleno en esos problemas.The present paper aims to expose the concept of "basic culture", fundamental in Lester Embree’s phenomenology. In the first part the biographical context of that text is explained. In the second one, the first advance made by Lester Embree is described, and in the third one the fundamental article about it will be focused on. The core of the concept is in relation to the difference that Lester Embree establishes between experience and the positionality of use, valuation and belief. These are characteristics or cultural determinations that constitute the human world, which therefore is always a cultural world. This basic culture also occurs, at least, in some non-human animals. Although problematic points of that theory are alluded to, these problems are not fully developed. (shrink)

La obra de Julia V. Iribarne se basa, entre otros, en tres conceptos centrales, intersubjetividad trascendental, ética trascendental y antropología trascendental. En este texto de homenaje a su persona y a su trayectoria intelectual, dado que nuestra autora se basa fundamentalmente en los inéditos de Husserl, aclararé, en primer lugar la posición del legado póstumo [Nachlass] husserliano en la obra de este. A continuación dedicaré un apartado a exponer el desarrollo de cada uno de esos conceptos a lo largo de (...) su trayectoria, desde la intersubjetividad, pasando por la ética, hasta antropología trascendental.Julia V. Iribarne’s lifework rests, among others, on three central concepts, transcendental intersubjectivity, transcendental ethics and transcendental anthropology. In this text in tribute to her person and intellectual trajectory, and because Julia V. Iribarne’s writings are founded basically on Husserl’s Nachlass, I shall first clarify my conception about the relation of this Nachlass to his work. Next I will dedicate a section to explain the development of each of the concepts throughout her career, from intersubjectivity,, to ethics and to transcendental anthropology. (shrink)

El presente texto es un extracto de la primera lección del curso impartido en Guanajuato en la primavera del año en curso. Su objetivo es determinar los contenidos que configuraron la interpretación convencional de Husserl, para destacar lo que sería el objetivo del curso: la noción del “nuevo” Husserl. El ensayo consta de cinco apartados. En el primero se presenta el contenido global de la obra pública de Husserl. El segundo se dedica a explicar la noción del “nuevo” Husserl. El (...) apartado tres procura exponer los rasgos del Husserl convencional. El cuatro está dedicado a ver la cadena de autores que nos han transmitido al “nuevo” Husserl. Para terminar, en el apartado quinto se hace referencia a algunos textos de Gaos sintomáticos de la comprensión convencional de Husserl. (shrink)

El propósito de este artículo es analizar las estrategias de descortesía verbal en una muestra de discurso parlamentario chileno. Para tal propósito se estudiaron las secuencias de discurso que manifestaban dichas estrategias en un corpus de 28 sesiones de la honorable Cámara de Diputados de Chile realizadas entre 2005 y 2007, en las que se discutieron diferentes asuntos polémicos de interés público. Para el análisis de la descortesía en el discurso político aquí realizado se consultaron los trabajos de Chilton y (...) Schäffner (1999), Blas Arroyo (2001 y 2003) y Bolívar (2005), entre otros. Una vez analizados los textos de las transcripciones de las sesiones de la muestra se identificaron las siguientes estrategias de descortesía: atacar la imagen pública del oponente y resguardar la propia imagen pública. Asimismo, la primera de dichas estrategias se subclasificó en las siguientes tácticas: desacreditaciones, ridiculizaciones y amedrentamientos. The purpose of this article is to analyze impoliteness strategies in a sample of Chilean parliamentary discourse. To that effect, this study puts forward an analysis of the discourse sequences manifesting these strategies in a corpus constituted by 28 sessions held between 2005 and 2007 by the honorable Chamber of Representatives of Chile, in which different and controversial issues of public interest were discussed. For the analysis of impoliteness in political discourse carried out in this study, the works of Chilton y Schäffner (1999), Blas Arroyo’s (2001 and 2003) and Bolívar’s (2005) were consulted, among others. Once the transcriptions of the sessions under analysis were processed, the following impoliteness strategies expressing the representatives’ political goals were identified: attacking the opponent’s public image and protecting the own public image. Likewise, the first of these strategies was sub-classified into the following tactics: discrediting, ridiculizing, and intimidating. (shrink)

En philosophie, le personnage conceptuel trace une nouvelle image de la pensée. Au cinéma, avec la modernité, le personnage découvre une nouvelle image. Après la crise de I’image-action, les signes ne se reconnaissent pas plus qu ’ils ne se déduisent : ils se voient. Celui qui voit, c’est le personnage. Dans cette vision, il devient I’inventeur de nouvelles façons de percevoir. Il est á la fois producteur et créateur. Le propre du personnage conceptuel réside aussi en la création non pas (...) de percepts, mais de concepts. À partir de ces deux constatations, il nous semble intéressant de commenter le troisième chapitre de Qu’est-ce que la philosophie? qui porte sur le personnage conceptuel et de faire une analyse du voyant, personnage de cinéma, qui apparaît dans le premier chapitre de L’image-temps. Grâce à cette étude croisée nous espérons trouver des recoupements et des liens entre personnage, pensée et perception. (shrink)

El ensayo trata de presentar la fenomenología de los actos racionales, actos que son fundamentales, en todo caso, para la ciencia. En la primera parte se expone la fenomenología de la razón tal como aparece en la cuarta sección del libro de Husserl Ideas I. En la segunda parte, teniendo a la vista El origen de la geometría, se expone esa fenomenología de la razón aplicada a la explicación de la ciencia histórica, superando el relativismo en que se ve envuelta, (...) superación que también vale para la antropología cultural. Si en la primera parte se desvela la razón como legitimidad de lo que se da en sí mismo, en la segunda se expone la importante elucidación del apriori de la historia con el que cuenta el historiador y frente al cual nada puede el relativismo. Como conclusión se explica de qué manera incide la fenomenología de la razón de la primera parte en las ciencias humanas.The essay tries to present the phenomenology of rational acts, acts that are fundamental, in any case, for science. In the first part the phenomenology of reason is exposed as it appears in the fourth section of Husserl's book Ideas I. In the second part, considering The Origin of Geometry, this phenomenology of reason applied to explanation of historical science, overcoming the relativism in which it is involved, an overcoming that also applies to cultural anthropology. If in the first part reason is revealed as the legitimacy of what is given in itself, in the second part the important elucidation of the apriori of history is exposed with which the historian must count and against which relativism can do nothing. As a conclusion, it is explained how the phenomenology of reason of the first part affects the human sciences. (shrink)