Background:The decision whether to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation may sometimes be ethically complex. While studies have addressed some of these issues, along with the role of nurses in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, most have not considered the importance of nurses acting as advocates for their patients with respect to cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Research objective:To explore what the nurse’s advocacy role is in cardiopulmonary resuscitation from the perspective of patients, relatives, and health professionals in the Basque Country (Spain).Research design:An exploratory critical qualitative study was conducted from (...) October 2015 to March 2016. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.Participants:Four discussion groups were held: one with patients and relatives (n = 8), two with nurses (n = 7 and n = 6, respectively), and one with physicians (n = 5).Ethical considerations:Approval was obtained from the Basque Country Clinical Research Ethics Committee.Findings:Three significant themes were identified: (a) accompanying patients during end of life in a context of medical dominance, (b) maintaining the pact of silence, and (c) yielding to legal uncertainty and concerns.Discussion:The values and beliefs of the actors involved, as well as pre-established social and institutional rules reduced nurses’ advocacy to that of intermediaries between the physician and the family within the hospital environment. On the contrary, in primary health care, nurses participated more actively within the interdisciplinary team.Conclusion:This study provides key information for the improvement and empowerment for ethical nursing practice in a cardiac arrest, and provides the perspective of patients and relatives, nurses and physicians. (shrink)

Tíscar se configura en época andalusí en un lugar de montaña que determina en buena medida la organización de los espacios productivos, defensivos y habitacionales. Estos espacios, aunque modificados, perviven en el paisaje. Nuestro objetivo ha sido identificarlos y entender las relaciones que se dan entre ellos. Para esta tarea se ha recurrido al reconocimiento superficial del terreno, al análisis de las fuentes escritas, islámicas y cristianas, y a la revisión de la bibliografía sobre la zona. También se han (...) analizado los datos procedentes de las intervenciones arqueológicas previas. Posteriormente, toda la evidencia recogida se ha procesado en un SIG. El análisis del conjunto de datos se ha volcado sobre un modelo digital del terreno que nos ha permitido comprender la gestión de los recursos naturales por parte de las comunidades campesinas de Tíscar a lo largo del periodo andalusí e identificar los lugares destinados para la explotación de los mismos. Esto nos ha permitido también comprender las relaciones que se dieron entre ellos y el papel que tuvo la fortaleza de Tíscar en la organización y gestión de los diferentes espacios en un lugar de montaña. (shrink)