"intencionali Klaida" Meno Kūrinio Interpretacijoje / "the Intentional Fallacy" In The Interpretation Of Artwork

Žmogus ir Žodis 12:53 (2010)
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Abstract

1946 metais buvo publikuotas literatūros kritiko Williamo K. Wimsatto ir filosofo Monroe C. Beardsley’io straipsnis, iš kurio pavadinimo kilo posakis „intencionali klaida“. Wimsattas ir Beardsley’is teigė, jog klaidinga pagrįsti meno kūrinio interpretaciją autoriaus intencijomis. Intencionalistinių teorijų požiūriu, teisinga teksto interpretacija yra ta, kuri atskleidžia teksto reikšmę, sutampančią su autorine reikšme. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojama intencionalistų ir antiintencionalistų diskusijos iškelta svarbi kūrinio semantinės autonomijos problema. Straipsnio pabaigoje atskleidžiama antiintencionalistinė tendencija Iserio ir Ricoeuro hermeneutinėse teorijose. Diskutuojant apie intencionalią klaidą dažnai aptariamas ir autoriaus vaidmuo meno kritikoje. Antiintencionalistai apskritai traktuoja paties autoriaus savojo teksto interpretaciją kaip vieną iš galimų, kurią dar reikia patvirtinti pačiu tekstu. Esminiai žodžiai: intencionalizmas, antiintencionalizmas, semantinė autonomija, autoriaus intencijos, interpretacija.The expression „The Intentional Fallacy“ was coined by the literary critic William K. Wimsatt and the philosopher Monroe C. Beardsley in a jointly authored article with that title, published in 1946. Wimsatt and Beardsley claimed that it is fallacious to base an interpretation of a work of art on the author`s intentions. A central tenet of intentionalism is that the correct interpretation of a text is the meaning of the text that is compatible with the author`s intentions. The paper shows how the debate between anti-intentionalists and intentionalists raises an important problem of semantic autonomy. In the issue the article attempts to reveal the anti-intentional tendency in Iser`s and Ricoeur`s hermeneutics. The debate over the intentional fallacy has spread to wider issues about the role of the author in art criticism. The anti-intentionalist, in principle, treats an author`s own interpretation of a text as one among others, itself calling for textual justification. Key words: intentionalism, anti-intentionalism, semantic autonomy, author`s intentions, interpretation

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