У статті розглянуто місто як регіон соціальної реальності. Обґрунтовується, що міські процеси нелінійні, показано, що пошук граничних підстав функціонування соціального порядку міської спільноти може заповнити дослідницьку лакуну в поясненні впливу нелінійних факторів та їх наслідків на зміни в соціальному бутті. Пропонується поглянути на східноукраїнський конфлікт як на результат дії конфліктогенних чинників в купі з детермінованими міфом міста стратегіями поведінки городян.

У статті автор досліджує характер, цілі і засоби впливу феномену "рускій мір". Що це таке? Якими є наслідки цього проекту сьогодні й на що ми можемо очікувати завтра? У чому суть проекту й на чому засновано його мобілізаційний потенціал? Такими є основні питання дослідження. Показано, що проект виник у результаті пошуку Росією відповіді на виклики, пов'язані зі зміною власного становища у світі. У 1990-ті роки Росія будь-яким чином намагалася зберегти вплив на колишні радянські республіки, які стали на шлях незалежності. Це (...) вилилось у ряд військових конфліктів, проте вони не були достатньо ідеологічно опрацьовані, що призвело до втрати і без того не виразного міжнародного авторитету держави. На думку автора, якщо дискусію про "русскій мір", яка велась у Росії, у 1990-х - початку 2000-х років, можна звести до пошуків і спроб зберегти культурну ідентичність російського народу, або навіть віднайти нову, навзаєм втраченої радянської, то з середини 2000-х років, коли проект перейшов з інтелектуальних кіл до владних кабінетів Кремля, він стає одним з основних векторів у зовнішній політиці Росії. Доведено, що в першу чергу це пов'язано з високою привабливістю і великим мобілізаційним потенціалом даної концепції. У якості інструмента глобальної конкуренції, проект "русского міра" є очевидною альтернативою західному проекту культурного розвитку та може бути досить ефективним. Автор робить висновок, що за будь-якого розвитку подій, та перспектива мислення, що відкривається в межах парадигми "русского міра" - враховуючи її затребуваний у сучасній Росії консолідуючий ресурс й вплив на сприйняття сучасних та інтерпретацію історичних подій - буде залишатися вагомим фактором у формуванні політики Росії в найближчі роки. (shrink)

This article reviews the problem of the marginal communities’ representation in Richard Rorty’s philosophy. The purpose of the research is to analyze a specific character of the legitimating the marginal communities’ representatives in the levels of the social formations, participative democracy, and social antagonism. A theoretical base of the research consists of the works by R. Rorty, A. Badiou, P. Bruckner, J. Ranciere, K. Marx, and B. Latour. On the example of the USA, the right for a state as the (...) legal institution to represent the national interests was reasoned in spite of the cases with the violation of the principle of the fundamental moral action in its history, due to the constructive character of the social experiments and the realization of their creative character. The issue of self-identification with the Other is revealed, based not on the similarity with the particular individuals but rather on the empathy to the other culture’s autonomous subject, who has the right for respect and dignity. The ways of achieving a balance between a social antagonism in the pluralism of the opinions and an intersubjective consensus between the members of a liberal community, necessary to omit the shaping up of a tyranny, are also analyzed. The necessity of toleration of the polyphonic discussions is explained on the example of a possible dictatorship in the ethically unified community, regulated with the strict repressive imperatives. Generally, the inclusivity of a Rortian liberal utopia, where the representatives of different social groups have the voting rights and are solidarized on the principles of the sentimental education, have been analyzed. This research will find its application in the following analysis of the factors of the otherness in the sentimental education. Manuscript received 18.02.2020. (shrink)

This article reviews the problem of the otherness in contemporary Western philosophy. The peculiarities of the representation of the category of the otherness in the 21st-century anglophone continental philosophy were analyzed. A theoretical base of the research consists of the works by Richard Rorty, Bruno Latour, Richard Kearney, Nancy. Fraser, Dan Zahavi, Chad Kautzer, Eduardo Mendieta, and Slavoj Žižek. Within the frameworks of an Anglophone philosophy, we made a comparison of the 20th-century pragmatist approaches based on the exceptionalism and the (...) exclusion of the Absolute Other from the intersubjective consensus and of the modern neopragmatist tendencies shaped on the principles of the generalized patience and extension of the framing of the subjectivity with the post-territorial regulation. The hermeneutical and phenomenological problems of the otherness typical for continental philosophy were covered with the analysis of the genealogy of the feeling leading to the victimization of the Other, its identification with Me, or its recognition with the preservation of the own identity. The author also analyzes ways to find a social consensus in the conditions of the antagonism between the emancipatory interests of different marginalized groups. Generally, the ways of adequate coexistence, which support the universal solidarity in a situation the global challenges humanity, had been demonstrated. That is why, finding out of a compromise in the analysis of the problem of the Otherness will be achieved with a realization of the following factors: all-affected principle, formed on the basis of the equal agency for all the subjects of communicative action for consensus with the help of a network activism, and a realization of the principles of a diacritical hermeneutics on the basis of the empathy to the Other and the termination of his/her marginalization. For this, it was offered to gain the equal rights for all the living forms for their own modes of existence to avoid antagonism between different social groups and to predict the impact of the obscurantist elites on the mass consciousness.Manuscript received 06.09.2020. (shrink)

Ця стаття є спробою проаналізувати інтерпретацію Ричардом Рорті категорії Іншості в контексті глобального проєкту ліберальної утопії – суспільства майбутнього, базованого на відсутності насилля. Еволюцію розуміння поняття Іншості розглянуто в контексті соціально-антропологічних практик американського прагматизму та французького постструктуралізму, де причини відчуження певних індивідів пояснено на міфологічній і лінгвістичній основі, а люди солідаризуються, утворюючи генералізованого іншого. Інший у певній культурі суміщає в собі функції цаба-відбувайла та месії водночас. У підході Рорті проаналізовано різні причини маргіналізації індивіда на класовій, релігійній, гендерній і поведінковій основі. (...) Розглянуто метод сентиментальної освіти у розвитку в дитини емоційного інтелекту та емпатії, опріч загальної ерудиції, за допомогою ознайомлення з художньої літературою. Кантівський моральний імператив піддано критиці за механістичний і легалістський характер. Замість цього запропоновано моральні принципи, основані на братерстві. Це братерство має базуватися радше на персональній ідентифікації з певною нацією, класом або гендером, ніж на праві народження. Також розглянуто переваги й недоліки радикального плюралізму (розуміння відносної цінності всіх способів життя) та його відмінність від постмодерного культурного релятивізму. Результат дослідження оприявнює вторинну роль у відмінностях між людьми для їхньої консолідації у ліберальній утопії Ричарда Рорті, якщо спільним між ними є базовий принцип нетерпимості до насилля, хоч би яким воно було – чи прямим фізичним, чи пасивно-агресивним аб’юзом у насмішках. (shrink)

This article discusses the causes of Lev Shestov’s psychological and worldview crises that he experienced in 1895, forcing the thinker to abandon his idealist philosophy and to embark on a path of...

The paper is devoted to reviewing the materials of “The Human of the Future” symposium, which took place at UNESCO Headquarters from 16 to 18 November on the occasion of the World Philosophy Day. In a hyper-technological world, the very concept of humanity undergoes constant evolution. In view of the scale of modern challenges, within the framework of the event, it was suggested to reflect upon the concept of “the human of the future” from the point of view of their (...) own evolution and historical development, as well as from the viewpoint of the world upheavals causing human to overflow and surpass their own historical formation. The purpose of the article is to determine contemporary philosophical and anthropological tendencies in the development of Humanities and Social studies and to examine the status of a philosophical approach as relevant to the digital world for understanding the “human”. The theoretical basis is represented by the materials of the speeches of contemporary philosophers, anthropologists and researchers within the framework of “The Human of the Future” symposium and focused on the search for alternative anthropocentrism ways of understanding human and technology. Conclusions. The future is presented as a challenge faced with a number of serious crises in the context of information overload and unstoppable speed of data flows circulation. Studying the process of multiplying technological updates and human transformations leads to the idea of reconstructing the nature of philosophical research. Two philosophical and anthropological trends are presented: the expansion of the understanding of “human” through the introduction of technological objects and the biogeophysical dimension into its interpretation, as well as the process of ontologization of digital technologies. There is specified a range of current issues in the Social Sciences and Humanities research: communication between species, life definition, ambiguous relationship of people with technology, with increasingly blurred boundaries between technology and biology. (shrink)

One of the main trends of modern society is a marked increase of the theoretical interest to the sphere of mythology and the theory of myth. And in light of globalization approaches explicitly focus on the impact study of the regional aspects of social phenomena. In this regard, in regional studies of mythology appear attempts seen the myth city's as a socially formalized knowledge about the city or region, a strong regulatory and mobilization element in society, which is capable of (...) forming a regional entity and identity. A problem is in that every city has the own myths and specific municipal culture. It can be one of reasons of conflicts at co-operation of townspeople of different regions because all of us are inclined to identify itself with a sub-group on the sign of place of inhabitation, line of business or the world view. Thus, at all cities have different myths and symbols. We are inclined to see our city as city of the chosen townspeople, while other cities and regions are inhabited by demons and monsters. The article suggests to consider the city like a self-valuable phenomenon. The article submitted to scientific use of the term "the myth city's" which, the author's perspective is not identical to the concept of "myths of the city" and "Mythology of the city." also authors conducted analysis the history of the formation of the Donetsk's myth, identified the main stages of its formation, and conducted explication of its meaningful and functional characteristics. (shrink)

Review of Long, A. A.. How to be free. An Ancient Guide to the Stoic Life. Epictetus. Encheiridion and Selections from Discourses. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Interview of Illia Davidenko, Kseniia Myroshnyk, Daria Popil with Anatoly Loy.

Interview of Amina Kkhelufi, Kseniia Myroshnyk, Nataliia Reva with Natalia Viatkina.

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma, Kseniia Myroshnyk and Olha Simoroz with Yevhen Bystrytsky.

Extinct megafaunal mammals in the Americas are often linked to seed-dispersal mutualisms with large-fruiting tree species, but large-fruiting species in Europe and Asia have received far less attention. Several species of arboreal Maloideae (apples and pears) and Prunoideae (plums and peaches) evolved large fruits starting around nine million years ago, primarily in Eurasia. As evolutionary adaptations for seed dispersal by animals, the size, high sugar content, and bright colorful visual displays of ripeness suggest that mutualism with megafaunal mammals facilitated the (...) evolutionary change. There has been little discussion as to which animals were likely candidate(s) on the late Miocene landscape of Eurasia. We argue that several possible dispersers could have consumed the large fruits, with endozoochoric dispersal usually relying on guilds of species. During the Pleistocene and Holocene, the dispersal guild likely included ursids, equids, and elephantids. During the late Miocene, large primates were likely also among the members of this guild, and the potential of a long-held mutualism between the ape and apple clades merits further discussion. If primates were a driving factor in the evolution of this large-fruit seed-dispersal system, it would represent an example of seed-dispersal-based mutualism with hominids millions of years prior to crop domestication or the development of cultural practices, such as farming. (shrink)

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma, Kseniia Myroshnyk and Olha Simoroz with Yevhen Bystrytsky.

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma, Illia Davidenko and Kseniia Myroshnyk with Anatoliy Yermolenko.

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma, Kseniia Myroshnyk and Olha Simoroz with Yevhen Bystrytsky.

Interview of Amina Khelufi, Kseniia Myroshnyk and Nataliia Reva with Natalia Viatkina.

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma, Illia Davidenko and Kseniia Myroshnyk with Anatoliy Yermolenko.

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma, Illia Davidenko and Kseniia Myroshnyk with Anatoliy Yermolenko.

Open visiting policy in intensive care units is considered a favorable visiting regime that may benefit patients and their family members as well as medical staff. The article examines the conditions and causes of OVP-making process in Ukraine and presents the ethical analysis of its implications with respect to the key stakeholders: ICU patients, family members, and medical staff. The OVP, established by the Ministry of Health in June, 2016, changes current approaches to the recognition of the role of families (...) in critically ill patients’ care dramatically; it does, however, have serious shortcomings. The analysis of risks and benefits showed that OVP does not adequately cater to the needs of all the key players—family members, patients, and medical staff. Moreover, there is no clear mechanism to control OVP implementation via feedback from all the key players. These issues give rise to a concern that the implementation of OVP will die on the vine. In order to prevent this, a range of measures is required: the optimization of the ICU facilities and internal procedures, supervision of OVP implementation by policy-makers, training of medical staff, and providing family members with educational programs. Considering current shortcomings, it is crucially important to develop clear and consistent internal guidelines in hospitals that will guarantee the introduction of open ICU visiting and quality of critical care provisions. (shrink)

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma, Illia Davidenko and Kseniia Myroshnyk with Anatoliy Yermolenko.