The bin-packing problem (BPP) is an age-old NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem, which is defined as the placement of a set of different-sized items into identical bins such that the number of containers used is optimally minimized. Besides, different variations of the problem do exist in practice depending on the bins dimension, placement constraints, and priority. More so, there are several important real-world applications of the BPP, especially in cutting industries, transportation, warehousing, and supply chain management. Due to the practical relevance (...) of this problem, researchers are consistently investigating new and improved techniques to solve the problem optimally. Nature-inspired metaheuristics are powerful algorithms that have proven their incredible capability of solving challenging and complex optimization problems, including several variants of BPPs. However, no comprehensive literature review exists on the applications of the metaheuristic approaches to solve the BPPs. Therefore, to fill this gap, this article presents a survey of the recent advances achieved for the one-dimensional BPP, with specific emphasis on population-based metaheuristic algorithms. We believe that this article can serve as a reference guide for researchers to explore and develop more robust state-of-the-art metaheuristics algorithms for solving the emerging variants of the bin-parking problems. (shrink)

In analyzing S0009838800019480_inline1 for composition I start in the most obvious way with S0009838800019480_inline2 in the sense of ‘gang’ , while S0009838800019480_inline3 must be a root-noun from *lew-s, and is perhaps immediately cognate with Skr. lu-nati ‘caedit.’1 This analysis makes S0009838800019480_inline4 mean something like ‘ uiam-muniens,’ i.e. a sort of ‘ ponti-fex.’ I think more particularly of the sacrificial leader, the S0009838800019480_inline5, the Rex Sacrificulus, who, while he may have been concerned with the making of ways on earth, also made (...) paths for man to the gods. But this aside, he who ‘ blazed the trail,’ who ‘ loosed’ or ‘ solved ’ the ‘ ways,’ was ‘ explorer, guide, leader,’ i.e. ‘dux.’. (shrink)