Abstract

Photosynthesis seems to be a central process which converts the sunlight to energy, thereby promotes plant proliferation and development, and leads to the maintenance of life on the earth by using water to introduce oxygen into the environment. Increased plant photosynthesis has recently been revitalized as a strategy to increase yields of crops and solve global food problems. Photosynthesis, thus, has become a primary focus of genetic engineering. Multiple attempts are ongoing to improve photosynthesis in order to overcome the obstacles of developing food and fuel demand in speedily evolving global environments. In order to improve photosynthetic capacity, several transgenes have been inserted into the plastid or nuclear genomes. Plant transformation has become a key experimental approach in plant science as well as a functional approach for transgenic plant growth. There are several confirmed strategies for the effective integration of desired genes into the genomes of various plants. This review article explains the importance of the genetic engineering in the modification and improvement of photosynthesis and its potential utilization in increasing crop yields.