De nietzsche à Husserl

Les Etudes Philosophiques 73 (2):203 (2005)
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Abstract

En dépit des différences de forme et de style, la phénoménologie de Husserl et la philosophie dionysiaque de Nietzsche relèvent d’un même projet fondamental. À l’époque de l’accomplissement de la téléologie occidentale, Nietzsche et Husserl portent en effet le même constat de faillite sur la rationalité européenne et engagent un même travail généalogique qui identifie l’origine de cette catastrophe dans le manquement inaugural de la vie par la fondation grecque de la rationalité. Le projet philosophique consiste alors tout entier en une refondation du sens sur son origine perdue, et prend la forme d’une ontologie de la vie. L’inachèvement de l’œuvre chez l’un et chez l’autre doit cependant remettre en question cette voie. Mais il faut alors constater que Nietzsche lui-même renonce à l’élaboration d’une ontologie et, en s’émancipant de la norme même du savoir, donne comme tâche à la pensée de l’avenir celle d’une incarnation de la vérité.In spite of the differences in form and style, Husserl’s phenomenology and Nietzsche’s Dionysiac philosophy stem from a similar fundamental project. Indeed, at the time of the fulfillment of Western teleology, Nietzsche and Husserl both acknowledge the failure of European rationality and start some similar genealogical work which traces the origin of the catastrophe to the responsibility of the Greek foundation of rationality for missing life originally. Their philosophical project consists in restoring meaning from its lost origin, and it takes the form of an ontology of life. As the work of both philosophers was left unfinished, such a direction should then be questioned. However, Nietzsche himself gives up elaborating an ontology and, departing from the ideal of knowledge, he gives future philosophy a new task : incarnating truth

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