Abstract

The literary works of any nation reveal the trend of its thoughts and wisdom; analyzing the literary works from different perspectives, therefore, contribute to showing this trend. The philosophical thought in Iran entered a new era or “declining stage”, especially after the fifth century onward, particularly marked with the writing of Tahafot-al-falasefe. Indeed, analyzing the intellectual works of this era shows the destiny of philosophy and philosophers of this period. Khaghani leads those opposing philosophy and philosophers in Persian poetry, who can be considered as unique and unprecedented. Looking at the intellectual background of Khaghani’s era and the effect thereof on his viewpoints, this study investigates philosophy and philosophers from his point of view, citing a number of the instances of his philosophical “combat” and challenging the philosophers by him. The study then deals with Intellect with regard to other texts. It leads to the conclusion that Khaghani has dealt with wisdom from two perspectives: the spiritual wisdom and the material one. In fact, he has equated wisdom with the heart and spirit. So, in spite of what is prevalent, not only has he not devaluated, but praised it as well. The Intellect looked down upon by Khaghani is against the spirit; It is not the spiritual wisdom.