Abstract

It is given the analysis of the basic tenets of N. Berdyaev’s theory of political values. The essence and the criteria for determining of the hierarchy of political values is defined. Identified the foundation of the gradation of political values and their role in building of harmonious society. It is stressed conditionality and the dialectical relationship of political values. It is certain that personality in the political axiology of outstanding Russian scientist of N. Berdyaev’s is a criterion and highest value. In reality organic and natural hierarchy of values quite often is in the inverted state. This is the reason of most of the social, political and spiritual problems of humanity. The main reason for tipping over the hierarchy of values is to create idols. The political values-means overshadow the political value-target. The impetus for the creation of idols may become destruction of traditional society, establishment of the domination of some political ideologies or the change of the socio-political system. The state’s sovereignty and the sovereignty of the nation absorb the sovereignty of the individual and subdue her. Democracy recognizes the primacy of society over the personality. Liberalism compromises the concept of freedom. He destroys the real freedom of the individual for the sake of formal freedom abstract citizen. Freedom and justice are closely related. Necessary is committed to building a free and just society. Culture in the hierarchy of values stands above politics and political forms. Science and culture are not absolute values. They are an expression of the creative nature of the individual. In political theory and practice the traditional political values liberalism or democracy also significantly overvalued and absolutized. Most of the political values are dialectically interrelated. They may be realized fully only in conditions of of conservation the true hierarchy and organic ratio. Reflections thinker about the formation of political values of Soviet society and overcoming the totalitarian deformations of political consciousness have a interest for the further researches.