Abstract

The article is devoted to revealing the essence and the basic characteristics of social and communicative interaction. The role of understanding in the formation of social and communicative interaction is being defined. The conceptualization of the term «interaction» has been performed; the basic approaches to understanding the concepts of «action» and «interaction» in the sociological and socio-philosophical have been discoursed. The concept of interaction has been studied by many scientists in social and philosophical discourse. One of the most famous researches belongs to M. Weber, who proposed to consider the concept of social action in terms of rational expediency, which is not always possible to apply analyzing social and communicative interaction, particularly in the present online space where irrational factors often become very important. The significance of a particular event or situation, values and cultural factors, not fitting into the circle of rational expediency in some way determine virtual reality, particularly in the online gaming community in Ukraine. In this context the category of understanding becomes important, through the prism of its analysis the possibility of understanding the causes and motives of individuals who interact on the Internet raises. The category of understanding has been chosen to comprehend the causes and motives of individuals who interact in online communities. For sociology of understanding rational objective accuracy appears as a particular ideal type regarding the empirical behavior. Considering the «wrong type» of behavior the concept of «significance» becomes important. In this case, the crucial distance between certain «wrong type» of behavior and what is considered «significant» plays a decisive role. If the ideal type is created on the basis of obvious for understanding connections, it is considered a «significant» norm. Indeed, «what exactly the right type should be considered as an ideal one depends on relation to values». For sociology the defining principle research is to identify dominant ideas of people about «meaning» and «significance» of certain phenomena. The concept of «understanding» is the key concept of hermeneutics, the science of understanding texts, situations, events and more. The analysis of the concept of a «hermeneutic circle», which presents a circular structure of understanding, has been done. In accordance with the hermeneutical circle «the whole must be understood the basis of partial and the partial – on the basis of the whole». The concept of understanding was analyzed by W. Dilthey, who identified two classes of science: «natural sciences» and «human sciences». Explanation of external expertise is typical for «the natural sciences». Instead, understanding of spiritual integrity is inherent to «human sciences». In the context, the essence of «understanding» is in constructing meanings of certain events, phenomena and so on. It is sated that understanding is the foundation of social and communicative interaction. The concept of understanding, correlating with the notion of importance, is inseparable from the process of meaning development. It is argued that understanding is the process of meaning production, which constructs a certain meaning for participants of social and communicative interaction, depending on the value and importance of certain interactions.