Abstract

The purpose of this dissertation is to present, in the most reliable and faithful way possible, the ideas and thoughts of the American philosopher John Rawls. It is hoped to present the theory of justice as fairness, in general, entering the main topics of Rawlsian political liberalism, so that the question of civil disobedience in Rawls's thinking can be discussed in specific terms. In this way, this work is an exegetical work, about which, it is desired to understand what the function of civil disobedience in the thought of Rawls, as well as its differentiation from other forms of dissent, especially the conscientious Refusal, questioning whether civil disobedience formulated by the author would be logically consistent with his philosophical thinking, and if it is not too much restricted concept (formal or legalistic in a language closer to the philosophy of law). In this way, it is defended the perspective that the civil disobedience formulated by Rawls is not the affirmation of the impossibility of a fair political system, or anything in this sense, but that it must be seen as a mechanism of fight against the possible oppressions and injustices, that even in a Well-Ordered Society, as a whole, can occur, that is, it is argued that civil disobedience represents in Rawls's thinking a mechanism for stabilizing the near-just society which aims at an increasingly fair society