Abstract

The writer concentrates upon some selected problems of the theoretical analysis of the conception of “justice” and upon practical applications of the idea of justice, above all in penal law. After having quoted some more interesting views and discussions on this conception, the writer pays special attention to the conception of universal formula of justice, postulated by Ch. Perelman. Such a formal justice he defines as a principle of action, according to which persons belonging to the same category should be equally treated. However, this conception eliminates neither arbitrarily nor dependence of justice from the acknowledged world-outlook and hierarchy of values. Being an abstract and general conception, it requests a concretisation which consists in choosing one essential category based on an arbitrary selection of essential characteristics.