Abstract

After the Revolution, increasingly lagging behind China's rural social status and intellectual ideals of a huge gap, some of the intellectuals with the ideal reconstruction of rural society, "the countryside", and in the 1930s, the reform of county government and state political pursuit combination formed a county government building trend. These intellectuals through the "reconstruction of the national culture", "scientific Westernization" and "downward penetration of state power" and other ways of rural transformation, but due to the long-term state power in modern times caused by unreasonable social transformation in rural the plight of the lack of driving force, which ultimately is no alternative but to leave the village. There was a huge gap between the intellectuals' ideal and the backward situation in China rural areas after Xinhai Revolution, so some intellectuals went to the countryside with an ideal to reconstruct the rural society which combined with the political reformation of the counties in 1930s. These intellectuals tried to make reformations in the rural areas by some ways, such as "reconstruction of the national culture", "sciential westernization", and "infiltration of state power down", but they fell into trouble because of the long-term unreasonable state power leading to the transformation of rural society in lack of driving force, at last, they had no alternative but to leave the countryside