Abstract

Philosophical anthropology can be developed in close relationship with the teaching of life forms: upward, based on hierarchy of values, forward and on the surface. In the life form upward where ethics strictly distinguish good from evil, philosophical anthropology looks for the human being’s essence. In the life form forward the relationships between the good and evil become uncertain, the human being is explained as a complex of functions. In the life form on the surface casual events are in power and the human being is expressed as a multiplicity of events and narratives, evil in many cases becomes indefinable. How to struggle against evil? Evil is a loser only if it loses sense, if turning the other cheek makes the enemy suffer qualms of conscience, it might happen that the whole senselessness of the evil deed becomes clear. Thus, fighting evil is a struggle in an existential – meaningful – plane. To explain this, philosophical anthropology must be closely related to a new understanding of ethics. Concepts “life forms”, “event”, “fitting response” and making evil senseless come to the forefront at the new philosophical anthropology.