Abstract

The essence of the concept of geopolitics as a phenomenon that acts as a sub of International Relations and at the same time serves as a methodology to explain the behavior of the state in accordance with its geographical position and environment. It was found theoretical understanding of geopolitics as spatial or spatio-oriented activities of large and medium-sized states, ambitions foreign inflence which outlines the regional or global level. The concept of geopolitics is multifaceted, and professionals working in her fild still do not have a unanimous opinion regarding the defiition of geopolitics as an independent science. Geopolitics is treated as a separate branch of knowledge and methodology knowledge of international relations and foreign policy, according to their status. Ultimately the key to the modern understanding of geopolitics – is the behavior of the state within its geographical environment, which korolyuvaty and it is able to inflence the other entities / objects of international life to ensure their national interests. In scientifi discourse the last two centuries formed a number of conceptual approaches to secure geopolitical advantage states. One of the most striking is the theory of «core land» or «Heartland» and the theory of «the arc of the earth» or «Rymlendu». Qualitatively new role in geopolitical studies take new processes and conflcts associated with the expansion of Internet space and information technology. Recently geopolitical theories take into account the latest tools and opportunities to inflence the great powers, which related to the conduct of information, «hybrid» and «semantic» wars. One of the challenges of modern information war to create an enabling environment for any operations geopolitical and geoeconomic character.