Abstract

The article touches upon the philosophical output by Stanisław Brzozowski, referred to as the period of “the fight for a viewpoint” between 1904 and 1905 when Brzozowski was in a strong opposition to a positivist naturalism, showing it in a study A monistic understanding of history and article Spencer’s ethics from 1904. Brzozowski, in the beginning a propagator of Nietzsche’s philosophy, quickly realized that the idea of the author of Also sprach Zarathustra is based on the critique and diagnosis of a social life condition of that time, and does not show any constructive suggestion to change it. Nietzsche’s search lacked in an objective and commonly acceptable theoretical foundation which would eliminate the relativist moment. Looking for the principle of the ethic certainty for an individual aware of its ontological importance, as the centre of senso-creative activity, referred to the ideas ascribed to the creator of a subjective idealism – a transcendental ego for which the sphere of the beyond-subjective world became the subject of our moral obligation. Seeing in man an active subject expressed in an unhampered and free action, Brzozowski made it responsible and introducing to the world the values early established in it. As the subject of moral activity, an individual makes valuations within an eternal world, giving it a moral shape through a given action. At that time Brzozowski made an analysis of primary world, reason, and moral obligation actions of an absolute I which was the main part of Fichtean speculations.