Abstract

Abstract: In this paper I use or refer to a lot of metaphors, like "Brutus" for Kuhn, "Trojan Horse" for the Structure, "adopted sons" for Quine and Popper, "battlefield" for parts of philosophy. These are however only illustrations to possible theses or questions I investigate: "Did Kuhn refute logical positivism?", Why was Carnap so tolerating so much Popper, Quine and Kuhn?", "Why did logical positivism go away?". I will argue that a complex view should be developed abut these questions synthesising both Friedman's, Irzik's, Earman's, and Reisch's view on the one hand and Oliveira's on the other hand, who is criticising them. I try to sketch this complex view, which of course is not an attempt to a full story of logical positivism. Finally I describe Carnap's Principle of Tolerance as not merely a theory, but as a personal, ethical view, which he adopted in his behaviour with Kuhn, Popper, Quine and other rival philosophers.