The concept of faith is a word that comes from the root e-m-n, meaning to believe, to trust, to be attached, to obey, to obey and to follow. It is a concept that is used with different conjunctions/letters in Arabic language grammar and semantics and gains different meanings according to the conjunction/letter used together, also differs and diversifies depending on the starting points and approaches, and has special field uses as well as meaning contractions and expansions. Investigative faith includes a (...) meaning that provides the heart with a boost in regard to all the orders/reverses conveyed by the Messenger of Allah, inspires confidence, gives certainty, makes it safe enough to bring peace and tranquility, and ensures that it is accepted on the axis of reason and transmission.. On the other hand, imitation faith means acting on the suggestion and word of another, believing and trusting, trusting and following without feeling the need to search for evidence, question and research. These two concepts also reveal the type, degree and severity of commitment to what is believed, depending on the inner world of people. In this context, imitative faith, which expresses people's shallow ties and superficial faith, has less effect on influencing people and adding meaning to life, whereas, on the other hand, intangible faith, which is questioned, wondered and researched, established and internalized in the context of evidence and knowledge, affects the states and actions of people. It gives direction, becomes more effective, meets the search for meaning in life, and raises the person to the level of a more confident, happy and peaceful individual. (shrink)

In the period of the Saḥāba (Companions), Tābiʿīn (Successors), and Atbāʿ al-Tābiʿīn (Followers of the Successors), those who had the capacity to do ijtihād on religious issues would act according to their ijtihād without being tied to any a particular person or school. Those who did not have the capacity to perform ijtihād could obtain a fatwā from any muftī whom they consulted, without any school-sectarian affiliation. However, with the emergence of the schools of jurisprudence (madhhab) in II-IV centuries AH, (...) the issues of ijtihād, taqlīd and madhhab have been discussed and different opinions have emerged on the subject. Some scholars argue that those who do not have the capacity to do ijtihād should do taqlīd, while others argue that every legal person (mukallaf) should do ijtihād in their religious affairs according to their own capabilities and act according to the conclusions reached. While those who argue that taqlīd is necessary for a Muslim who does not have the proficiency in ijtihad claim that a Muslim should adhere to a madhhab in his religious-practical life, another group argues -based on the legal maxim “Ammī does not have a madhhab. His sect is that of the mufti he consults”- that a Muslim may act upon the consultation of the scholar he wants to follow. In this study, the issue related to the situation of the Muslim who does not have competence to do ijtihād has been examined. In this context, the nature of taqlīd is emphasized and scholars’ opinions regarding opinions about the taqlīd of the layperson (ʿāmmī) are addressed. (shrink)