Underdevelopment increases unemployment, which further worsens poverty levels among people in rural communities and inequality in the country at large. At present, government financial institutions are failing to reach rural communities which they are meant to develop. The inability of such communities to access capital from formal financial institutions drives them to devise alternative means through which they can survive and improve their livelihoods. Stokvels are effective self-help economic development strategies in rural South Africa which do not depend on (...) external forces but rely totally on the determination of members of the community to improve their lives themselves. The creation of self-help projects such as stokvels are founded on the principle of ubuntu, which goes beyond the enrichment of the individual. Stokvels constitute an ethical framework that could improve the economic distribution in modern-day society. Adopting indigenous African ways of dealing with African problems could therefore prove an effective tool for helping to alleviate poverty in rural areas. Keywords : South Africa, development, unemployment, rural communities, unmasking, social capital, stokvels, ubuntu. (shrink)