The purpose of this article is to provide some evidence to broaden the discussions on certain current challenges of justice and politics with reference to topic of resentment in the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. Thus, based on the thesis that justice does not correspond to the thirst for revenge, but operates a movement opposite to it, we propose a reflection that culminates in the analysis of some borderline cases of our recent history. The first such case is that of totalitarian (...) policies, marked by resentment and verified in the first half of the twentieth century in Europe. The second corresponds to the association between forgiveness and truth that marked the end of the Apartheid regime in South Africa. According to our working hypothesis, unlike politics, or conception of justice, marked by a thirst for revenge in the first case, what has in the second exemplifies a way to relate to the past than they are not erased or resentful, but assimilated in a construction project of the present instant. (shrink)