Abstract

Since the mid-20th century, by the dual economic structure theory a profound impact on the priority to promote industrial development into less developed countries a common policy. However, this policy orientation led to the emergence of agricultural labor force in most developing countries over the transfer and production of the agricultural sector stagnated, and even the phenomenon of rural decline. Serious gap between the workers and peasants and the urban-rural polarization, making the people had to industrialization, urbanization and modernization of the formation of social wealth, through direct and indirect forms of payment to feed the rural, urban and rural areas in order to eliminate differences caused by various contradictions and problems, The resulting binary into a huge cost, the overall welfare of society will eventually lead to the loss. Therefore, the process of industrialization of a society and not simply to economic development and growth rate of total GDP to be measured, but also consider as "nurturing agriculture" and lead to wealth and social welfare expenditures total loss, Since the middle of the 20th century, many developing countries adopted the industrial development policy as the best policy choices because of the dualistic economic theory from Lewis. This policy, however, has led to some problems in those countries, such as the over-transfer of agricultural labor, the stagnation of the agricultural sector, and even the depression of rural areas. The extreme income disparity between the industrial labor and the agricultural labor and the severe polarization between urban and rural people become new problems. Governments have to adopt new policies to solve the problem, such as making the industry return nurturing to parent the agriculture, both in direct and indirect forms. The new policy causes huge "dualistic transition cost" and leads to the welfare loss of the whole society. Therefore, the level of economic development and industrial process of a society should not be measured solely by the GDP and its growth. The welfare of the whole society and the "dualistic transition cost" should also be taken into account