Abstract

Only special and direct moral origin, purpose and standards, it may be to promote non-human beings such as animals and plants of interest; and the ultimate origin of moral purpose and standards, only to promote the interests of humanity. On the one hand, when humans and animals and plants and other non-human beings of the same interest, they should follow the ethics of special, direct the objectives and criteria, which should improve both the promotion of human interests and the interests of animals and plants, even plants and animals should be in order to enhance promote the interests of the interests of animals and plants: non-anthropocentrism is the truth. On the other hand, when animals and plants, the interests of non-human beings in conflict with the interests of humanity can not co-existence, the morality of specific objectives and criteria will be directly does not work, then they should resort to the ultimate purpose of morality and standards "promote the interests of humanity", which should be at the expense of non-human animal existence and preservation of the interests of the interests of humanity: human-centrism is the truth. Only the specific and direct origin, goal and criterion of morality could be meant to improve the benefits of non-human creatures, like animals and plants, while the ultimate origin, goal and criterion of morality are intended simply to improve the benefits of human beings . Therefore, on the one hand, while the benefits of human beings are consistent with the ones of non-human creatures, we should follow the specific and direct goal and criterion of morality so as to improve the benefits of both human beings and creatures or even improve the benefits of non-human creatures for their own sake: Non-anthropocentrism is the truth. On the other hand, when the benefits of non-human creatures are colliding with the ones of human beings, the specific and direct goal and criterion of morality are useless, whereupon we should appeal to the ultimate goal and criterion of morality-"to improve the benefits of human beings"-protecting human beings' benefits at the expense of the benefits of non-human creatures: Anthropocentrism is the truth