Abstract

The “transgender challenge” to the binary-based organization of most sport and many leisure activities is complex and potentially transformative. From relatively conservative campaigns and policies to enable binary-conforming and medically transitioned athletes to compete in their affirmed gender to more radical challenges to the very science of sex difference that naturalizes an ideologically constructed two-sex system, the world of sport is experiencing a shake-up. In this chapter, I describe and analyze changes at the policy level of key sporting institutions in terms of their conservative versus transformative potential.