Abstract

In the article the main stages of formation contemporary political regime of Belarus and its legitimacy base are highlighted. The constitutional powers of central government are investigated. The place of the presidency in the system of government in the light on practical implementation of the principle of separation of powers is defined. It is found the basic principles of Lukashenko’s model of political development of Belarus. Although from a formal point of view Belarus is a presidential-parliamentary republic, according to the analysis results the system of power has been defined as the super-presidential republic. As a result substantiates the thesis that today in Belarus there is unlimited super-presidential system, which is the basis for the establishment of the regime of one-man rule of President Alexander Lukashenko. Hypertrophied nature of presidential power correlated with the weakening and degradation of the institutions of government which should prevent the concentration of power in the presidency. It is primarily about the Parliament and the Constitutional Court. The weakness of these institutions and the dominance of the executive branch headed by the President due to both formal and informal factors: objective uncertainty of formal rules and procedures or deliberate lack of elaborated ones in the relationship between the various institutions of the government gives rise to the so-called gray areas that create opportunities for the president to extralegal action and thus strengthening his actual power.