Abstract

Various ideas on how the universe appeared and develops, were in Indian tradition related to mythic, religious, or philosophical ideas and contexts, and developed during some 3.000 years - from the time of Vedas, to Puranas. Conserning its appeareance, two main ideas were presented. In one concept it appeared out of itself, and gods were among the first to appear in the cosmic sequences. In the other, it was a kind of divine creation, with hard work, or as emanation of divine dance. Indian tradition had also various critiques of mythic and religious concepts, who favoured naturalistic and materialistic explanations, and concepts, in their cosmogony and cosmology. One the peculiarities was that indian cosmogony and cosmology includes great time spans, since they used a digit system which was later introduced to Europe by Fibonacci.