La dialéctica del amo y el esclavo como clave interpretativa del teatro emergente en la dictadura uruguaya de los años 70 The master-slave dialectic as a key for understanding the emergent theatre during the Uruguayan dictatorship of the '70s

Estudios de Filosofía Práctica E Historia de Las Ideas 9:105-116 (2007)
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Abstract

Aristóteles y Freud, entre otros, apoyaron la idea de que el teatro, a través de la catarsis o la posibilidad de purgar deseos reprimidos, ocupa un lugar central en la vida social, especialmente cuando regímenes totalitarios suspenden las libertades fundamentales. Sin embargo, en el microsistema teatral emergente en el Uruguay de la dictadura aparece un héroe degradado, sometido a la violencia. ¿Cómo lograba el receptor su catarsis al observar a un anti-héroe que perpetuaba la realidad opresiva? La respuesta se encuentra en Hegel y su dialéctica del amo y el esclavo. Veremos cómo puede aplicarse esta hipótesis a dos ejemplos del microsistema mencionado. Aristotle and Freud, among others, supported the idea that drama plays a central role in social life, through catharsis or the possibility of purging repressed desires, particularly when totalitarian regimes suspend fundamental freedoms. However, in the theatrical microsystem emerging during the Uruguayan dictatorship, the kind of hero that arose was humiliated, subjected to violence. How did the spectator reach his/her catharsis by observing an anti-hero that perpetuated the country's reality on stage? The answer to this question lies in Hegel and his dialectic of master and slave. This paper shall look into the way in which this hypothesis can be applied to two examples of the microsystem mentioned above.

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