Abstract

Ideas concerning chaos that were expressed by the philosophers of the Enlightenment are singled out and systematized. Particularly, it is shown that there were philosophers of the Enlightenment who first got the idea that chaos plays an important role in human culture, having appeared in the mythology of many nations, and not only in Ancient Greek’s one. It is proven that philosophers of the Enlightenment came to the conclusion that person’s acknowledgement of world’s chaotic nature engenders complex feelings that could do with serious changes of motivations in ethical sphere. It is pointed out that philosophers of the Enlightenment (Paul­Henri d’Holbach and tienne Bonnot de Condillac) did a lot for studying chaos in view of problematic of epistemology, laying foundation to a number of promising researches. It is grounded that the philosopher and enlightener Johann Gottfried von Herder advanced an idea of objectivity of process of transformation chaos into order. It is shown that idea of «The law of nature» existing as for ordering chaos opened far­reaching prospects for researches of interaction with chaos.