Abstract

Excellent learning, Shi, Shi talents were learned, was originally a basic rule of Confucianism, which has learning and Shi, Shi and learning, such as the car of two rounds, missing a description of a method can not. However, the car of two rounds, often short of one. We often see only the good scholar Shi's deeds, but also used as the official school and college science and official place of training. This disclosure rare in the history data to clinical Ru, Tangxi, Jishan three College as an example, classification description of the Ming Dynasty official吏Shi talents were learning attempts, that is serving officials set up a special lecture regardless Road, self-cultivation of the College, is the Ming Dynasty, a pioneering work. A good scholar can become an official, while a good official can become a scholar. This is a fundamental principle of Confucianism; therefore, it's said that these two phenomena are as necessary as the two wheels of a cart. However, we usually see only how good scholars become officials rather than the other way around and just, by habits, consider the institutes of official education and the academies to be the training schools for scholars to become officials. In this paper, we disclose such rarely seen historical documents, taking three academies as examples, to describe how officials tried to become scholars in the Ming Dynasty and pinpoint that those academies founded specifically to train officials intellectually were something revolutionary of the Ming Dynasty