Abstract

Critics often note that our choices may support wrongdoing such as by fostering climate change, perpetuating oppression in the developing world, or benefiting from the avoidable suffering of nonhuman animals. It is unclear what sort of reasons these remote consequences present, especially in conditions of uncertainty. Ethicists commonly warn that ignorance does not necessarily exculpate or release from compensatory burdens for wrongdoing. Moreover at least sometimes, the demandingness of justice might not cancel or defeat the reasons it provides. Sorting out how to forbear or repair injustice (and even how to begin to do these) may be daunting. After discussing how ignorance of moral or empirical considerations bears on blame or praise, I explore whether and how performing or being disposed to provide moral repair might address the demands of justice in light of uncertain remote causes and consequences. I reject the claim that morally conscientious persons must always seek to prevent injustice.