Abstract

"Spring and Autumn Gongyangzhuan" is one of the earliest occasion of the Warring States Period, "Spring" Biography. It is essentially a political book, the book is ethical, it is on the pretext of Confucius' Spring and Autumn "and" Weiyandayi "and to promote a new cultural norms, the new ritual, in order to play the Confucian many" reformers "and" revolution "kingly idea. This idea from the early Han Dynasty by the teacher gradually mature enough, and in the Han Dynasty, in order to meet the great king whom the "restructuring more" of the political needs of the mother through the Hu-sheng, Tung Chung-shu, who expounded the formation of the so-called "ram learning", which is the New Text School of model generation is the most Xuan Han He has a "significant learning ', seems to have become the Han Dynasty," the Magna Carta. " But the occasion of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it gradually decline, and its no other reason than of the "Spring" "Weiyandayi" over-exaggerated interpretation, loss of rational thought should be the balance of insight not easily accepted. the excessive use of political tools to passivation of creative thinking and loss of vitality. the number of science and prophecy mixed together to form a number of non-rational "very strange objection to the words" subject to rational criticism and cast aside. Thus, the classical classics to be shipped into the sky, "Spring and Autumn Tso Chuan" instead of its position, since in a very long history, brought to its knees. Thought it was very popular a lot of materials disappeared, fortunately, also in the "Chun Qiu Fan Lu," "White Tiger moral theory", and Zheng Xuan's "seven latitude" in the preserved line in the history of the transfer of the remaining thinking weak spark. Will cause the Rams to school in the Eastern Han Dynasty Qing Dynasty classical textual criticism textual material by the Law School's dig a few do, gradually turned to the Western Han New Text School. Thus, by Jia Kui, Ma Rong, Xu Shen, Zheng Xuan, etc. through research, folded note for the Tung Chung-shu, where the school off the discussion. With the last years more Qianlong, Qing Wen and Prime sparse network has been gradually shaped decline demoted, then pass through Zhiyong, a more reform-oriented rams home made, then as director of learning how to deepen discussion and following the increase in the length. The early Qing Dynasty ram memory and learning such as the village was created by his son, "Changzhou School", still in the textual criticism of the academic standards of conduct. Its doors to people Gongzizhen Liufeng Lu, Wei Yuan, when the Opium War is also around the world decline Bureau has become clear, the national family crisis has notably intellectuals fear of the heart more profoundly. Thus, in the "three subjects nine aims," ​​"restructuring revolution" of the center of thinking, apply a new and creationism Chen's "Spring and Autumn Period III, said," to accumulate in their hearts to express fear, anxiety, depression, mental stress. The cause to the late Qing Dynasty, both internal and external day daily, imminent collapse of the corrupt Qing dynasty, intellectuals in the survival edge in diplomatic fried, worry about risk, fear of mental stress is more deep-giant, in the traditional culture of thinking, in response to this was gone with unprecedented era of change in the situation, they lit the flame very imaginative thinking, an attempt to inherit the old school, to master new knowledge and the ability to enhance the development of national survival and the courage to break away from stereotypes of the past and accept new future, they thought, full of passionate emotion and Hyun odd to imagine that this is Kang, Tan, Chen Qianqiu, Liang learn new ram, open the most giant of Chinese history and cultural turning point, away from the value of super-precedent. This short statement on the one hand the development of the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty ram ram school of academic background, while the rheological study of the Qing Dynasty and ram the main ideas, the ultimate concept in history and try to make the value of different perspectives positioning. "Chunqiu Gong-Yang Zhuan", the Historical Records, was the initial version of "Chuqiu Zhuan" during the Warring States Period of archaic China. It's basically a work concerning politics as well as ethics. With citing the precepts by which Confucius instructed in "Chuqiu", it advocated a new kind of humane standards and propriety establishment so as to carry forward a great deal of the kingly-way thought of "reform" and "revolution" found in Confucianism. This thought was gradually brewing up and getting ripe in the early-Han masters' hands. It had finally become known as "Gong-Yang School" through the elucidation of masters like Hu Musheng and Dong Zhongshu who conformed to Han Emperor of Wu-ti's political demand on "the Institution-Reform Revolution" when this emperor full of great ambition came to the throne. Gong-Yang School turned into the pattern of the Neo Text School, the most illustrative scholarship and even " the Great Charter "of the Han Dynasty. However, the decline of Gong-Yang School which emerged during the following Eastern Han dynasty resulted from the reasons under them. To overstate the implication of precepts in "Chuqiu" lost the balance of rational thinking so was refused by men of insight. To overuse Gong-Yang School as a political instrument blunted the vivid creative power of thinking. To incorporate a large amount of prophecy theory into Gong-Yang School formed a lot of irrational weird remarks, inducing rational critiques and disputes. Old Text School therefore arose with the times and "Chuqiu Zuozhuan Zhuan" gained its status instead of "Chunqiu Gong-Yang Zhuan" that thenceforth fell to pieces for a long time in history. A large amount of thinking material prevalent for a time was also lost. Some fortunately remained in "Chunqiu Fanlu", "Baihu Daode Lun" and "Qi Wei" of Zheng Xuan , leaving a gleam of hope for a faint spark of thought to circulate in history. According to the current situation, Ching Textology's research for Gong-Yang School gradually turned into Western Han Neo Text School after gathering off the historical material of Eastern Han Old Text School. A study of Text School consequently changed direction from the considerable scholarship of Jia Kui , Ma Rong , Xu Shen , Zheng Xuan , etc. to that of Dong Zhong Shu and Ho Xiu . In addition to lax discipline for the worse during the late Qianlong period, the golden age of the early Ching Dynasty had declined observably. Hence the deeper Ching scholars went into Dong-Ho Doctrine, the higher attentions "practical statecraft" and "the Institution-Reform Revolution" thought of Gong-Yang School obtained. The early Ching Dynasty Gong-Yang School like the Chang-Zhou School founded by Chuang Chun Yu and his son still made progress under the academic guiding of Textology. During the period around the Opium War , just in time the decline of the Ching Dynasty went to the inevitable outcome, intellectuals such as Liu Fenglu and his disciples Kung Tzu Chen and Wei Yuan were strongly aware of nationality crisis that caused them considerable concern. Under the guiding principles of "Three Essentials and Nine Regulations" and "The Institution-Reform Revolution", they advanced a novel and unique theory of "Chunqiu's Three-Ages "for the purpose of relieving heavy mental pressure of fear, anxiety and depression buried deep in their hearts. Up to the late Ching period, domestic trouble and foreign invasion went from bad to worse and corrupt bureaucracy of the Ching Dynasty was on the verge of collapse, intellectuals whose pressure of worriers and fear accumulated over and over in the harsh reality sought to respond to this unprecedented change in situation, bursting the flame of thought on the base of their profound imagination. Under the thinking of traditional culture, they attempted to carry forward the good tradition and master new knowledge for increasing the ability to promote national development, at the same time meeting the new future instead of being conservative in the past. The New Gong-Yang School formed by Kang You Wei , Tang Shitong , Chen Qianqui and Liang Qichao whose thought full of rousing emotion and peculiar imagination made a significant start for the most arduous cultural transformation in Chinese history. This paper is intended on the one hand to state the academic background of the development from the Han Dynasty Gong-Yang School to the Ching Dynasty Gong-Yang School, on the other hand to look into changes and the thinking subject of the Ching Dynasty Gong-Yang School, ultimately attempting to evaluate it from various aspects of history and opinions