Abstract

Roman Catholic theology has been limited, in dealing with certain types of questions, by an inadequate theory of symbol. This study attempts to overcome that limitation in a methodologically rigorous way by recourse to A. N. Whitehead's use of symbol in his process metaphysics. ;Chapter One is a demonstration of the necessity of metaphysics for analyzing symbolism, and of the usefulness of Alfred N. Whitehead's metaphysical theory of symbolic reference for analyzing symbolic reception. Chapter Two is an explanation and expansion of Whitehead's theory of symbolic reference. Chapter Three is an investigation of "The Theology of the Symbol," by Karl Rahner, using Hearer of the Word and Spirit in the World. Chapter Four is a demonstration of the compatibility of Rahner's and Whitehead's metaphysical theories of expression and reception. It also reveals Whitehead's distinctive contribution to a theory of symbolism, and in light of this, contains a more complete principle of symbolism. Chapter Five is a demonstration of the usefulness of Whitehead's theory of symbolic reference. It also contains a presentation of Whitehead's view of expressive symbols and a view of dogma developed from Whitehead's theory of expression. ;By reconciling and synthesizing Rahner's and Whitehead's theories, this thesis puts forward a metaphysical principle for symbolism that emphasizes both the expression and reception. This new principle accounts for symbolism that is both conscious and prior to sensational, conscious awareness and thematic understanding. It can be helpful to theologians: for a self-examination of symbolic appropriation; for examining others' potential symbolic integrations; for recognizing why there are divergent emotions, beliefs, values, and purposes associated with symbols; for offering a new way to appreciate sacramental efficacy, even ex opere operato; for asserting the indispensable nature of myth and dogma to symbolic reception