Abstract

The author states that on the example of the Ancient greek philosophy we can explore the similarity of the manifestation and overcoming of fear in both philogenesis and ontogenesis. for example, a child can be pacified with the help of any explanation of a dangerous phenomenon, that appeals to a certain ontology. Similarly, the early greek philosophy sees ignorance as the source of fear, and the way out is proposed by the pre-Socratic substantionalism. for an adult person the main source of fears is the repressive side of society. Correspondently, they seek the guarantees against fear in a certain state system. Similarly, the Classic greek philosophy places the anti-phobia themes among the sociological and ethical problems. A person of advanced age is ready to resist fear with the help of the various inner resources. Thus the philosophy of Hellenism proposes the concrete forms of mind control, mystic-philosophic and psychological practices. Anti-phobia discourse in the Medieval religious philosophy is based on the understanding of evil as a phenomenon lacking the substantial status. The negative fear and positive one had been demarcated. Correspondently, there were two types of practices –«anti-terror» and «timorous»), that in their unity form anti-phobia strategies of a medieval person. We can state the existence of a clear correlation between the basic form of the cultural consciousness and the most effective practices of overcoming fear. Today the anti phobia code of European culture, formed in the times of Ancient World and Middle Ages, have almost disappeared under the pressing of the opposite culture – the culture of horror. But, as the author supposes, this code should undergo constant actualizations and use the language of new cultures.