《莊子•養生主》中「薪火之喻」的意義再探

NTU Philosophical Review 62 (62):33-65 (2021)
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Abstract

以往研究對於《莊子•養生主》中「指窮於為薪,火傳也,不知其盡也」一句的詮釋基本上可分為兩種:其一是在標舉出形、神的對立作為詮釋工具,分別以此兩者比喻薪火,藉此提出「重神養神」的養生方針;其二則是以「事物自然地流轉變化」為分析脈絡,強調「火」的無窮無盡,並提出「勿使形體的存亡影響己心」的看法。筆者認為,以上兩詮釋各有其理據,亦有其源遠流長之歷史脈絡,因此才為學界所接受。然筆者認為,以往詮釋中,在通假字的使用、目標域與來源域的連結及字義解釋等處,尚有幾項值得討論的面向。本文將嘗試以高亨與劉武的注本作為基礎,轉換以往將「薪火之喻」作「正面」詮釋的共通點,而將其解釋為不應發生的「負面」情況。並嘗試指出,此詮釋除可在文本找到相應之說,亦能夠於以上癥結點給出回應,因此具有其獨特之價值。

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