倫理学・仏教学・美術史・近代文学など多分野の気鋭の専門家たちが、近代日本の精華・和辻哲郎の学問の現代的意義を検証する。.

本书共分三部分, 内容包括东亚公共哲学的开展, 东亚思想传统中的公与私, 西方政治思想中的公与私.

The key mutation of the schizophrenic psyche can be described as a disturbance of the first person-ness of the I-sense, i.e., of the sense of the "I" as personal subject of experience and of action. Under these circumstances, representations of things are not definitively experienced as "my" representations—with the self-evidence of belonging to me. This uncertainty of selfhood, specific to schizophrenia, cannot be reduced to a disability of intellect, logic, judgment, or memory. In the course of developing his argument, the (...) author criticizes philosopher Michel Henry's critique of Heidegger's (1961) interpretation of Descartes's cogito ergo sum. (shrink)

本书内容包括:试论儒学的宗教性内涵、古代中国“语言观”的一个侧面:以《易·系辞》论“象”为研究基点等。.

Chef de file de la réflexion psychiatrique au Japon, le Professeur Kimura Bin s’oppose dans cet article aux réductionnismes physicalistes en découvrant au coeur de la subjectivité une articulation complexe entre le personnel et l’impersonnel qui simultanément confirme la conception spirituelle zen de la constitution de l’individualité et donne une base à la fondation d’une science psychiatrique véritable. Il démontre que l’orientation donnée par les sciences cognitives et la philosophie analytique conduit à ignorer la différence entre réalité et actualité, (...) et occulte ainsi le fait que chaque existant est unique, manquant de la sorte à la fois son unité et son unicité. Pour retrouver l’originalité propre à chacun, Kimura propose d’en retrouver l’originarité, esquissée dans le concept heideggérien de Befindlichkeit, et d’élargir la subjectivité au sens proposé par Victor von Weizsäcker en tant que rencontre avec le milieu. Il conclut cette étude phénoménologique en proposant de fonder une psychopathologie en première personne, c’est-à-dire d’introduire la subjectivité dans la science psychiatrique, seule voie pour comprendre l’existence et résoudre l’énigme de la schizophrénie. (shrink)

This paper presents a numerical investigation of bird attitude angles affecting the soft-impact damage of a full fan assembly. Firstly, considering the geometry of a mallard, a real bird model is established by the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method and calibrated with available test data. Then, complying with airworthiness requirements, simulations of a full-bladed fan assembly subjected to a real bird were conducted to determine the critical ingestion parameters. Furthermore, a real bird with different attitude angles aimed at a full fan (...) assembly was simulated. Results show that attitude angles of the bird produce a significant impact on the effect of the bird strike on rotating blades and would increase the possibility of blade failures, especially for the yaw angle of -45° and the pitch angle of −60°. It is invaluable for commercial airlines and engine manufactures to provide safe flight and landing by adopting the real bird model with critical yaw and pitch angles in the design for resistance to bird ingestion. (shrink)

Maximum deviation global discrimination index is a new item selection method for cognitive diagnostic computerized adaptive testing that allows for attribute coverage balance. We developed the maximum limitation global discrimination index from MDGDI, which allows for both attribute coverage balance and item exposure control. MLGDI can realize the attribute coverage balance and exposure control of the item. Our simulation study aimed to evaluate the performance of our new method against maximum global discrimination index, modified maximum GDI, standardized weighted deviation GDI, (...) and constraint progressive with SWDGDI. The results indicated that under the condition of realizing the attribute coverage balance, MDGDI had the highest attribute classification accuracy; when the selection strategy accommodated the practical constraints of the attribute coverage balance and item exposure control, MLGDI had the highest attribute classification accuracy; adding the item exposure control mechanism to the item selection method reduces the classification accuracy of the attributes of the item selection method; and compared with GDI, MMGDI, SWDGDI, CP_SWDGDI, and MDGDI, MLGDI can better achieve the attribute-coverage requirement, control item exposure rate, and attribute correct classification rate. (shrink)

In this research, the -dimensional variable-coefficient Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada model used in soliton hypothesis and implemented by operating the Hirota bilinear scheme is studied. A few modern exact analytical outcomes containing interaction between a lump-two kink soliton, interaction between two-lump, the interaction between two-lump soliton, lump-periodic, and lump-three kink outcomes for the -D VC Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada equation by Maple Symbolic packages are obtained. By employing Hirota’s bilinear technique, the extended soliton solutions according to bilinear frame equation are received. For this model, the contemplated (...) model can be got by multi-D binary Bell polynomials. In addition, the analytical analysis of the high-order soliton outcomes to present the discipline of outcomes. The effect of the free parameters on the behavior of acquired figures of a few obtained solutions for the nonlinear rational exact cases was also discussed. The above technique could also be employed to get exact solutions for other nonlinear models in physics, applied mathematics, and engineering. (shrink)

生物学・医学をはじめとする科学技術の進展は本当に社会を変えたのか?むしろ従来の歪みを露わにしただけなのではないか?生殖技術から、幹細胞研究、うつ病治療、そして福島第一原発事故にいたるまで、人々の生を選 別し分断する社会の現在を鋭く分析する。.

For genetic algorithms, it is important to maintain the population diversity. Some genetic algorithms have been proposed, which have an ability to control the diversity. But these algorithms use the distance between two individuals to control the diversity. Therefore, these performances become worse on ill-scaled functions. In this paper, we propose a new genetic algorithm, DIDC(a genetic algorithm with Distance Independent Diversity Control), that does not use a distance to control the population diversity. For controlling the diversity, DIDC uses two (...) GAs that have different natures. For realizing different natures, one GA uses a crossover operator as a search operator, and the other GA uses a mutation operator in DIDC. By applying DIDC to several benchmark problems, we show that DIDC has a good performance on high dimensional, multimodal, non-separable and ill-scaled problems. Finally, we show that the control parameter of DIDC has the same effect on the search with the number of generating children n c. (shrink)

Many often say that people resemble their pets or that the faces of manga characters and Buddha statues resemble those of their artists. Previous studies demonstrated that participants could match dogs with their owners, suggesting that pets resemble their owners. Other studies also demonstrated that people can match personal belongings, including inanimate objects, to their owners. However, it is unknown whether people tend to make objects that resemble themselves. In this study, we examined whether people tend to make objects that (...) resemble themselves with dolls made of cloth as stimuli. The results demonstrated that people tend to project themselves into dolls, even in the case of amateur college students. The mere exposure effect or the algorithm “self seeks like” may be at play in not only people’s selection of pets but also their making of objects. (shrink)

Recently, dynamic text presentation, such as scrolling text, has been widely used. Texts are often presented at constant timing and speed in conventional dynamic text presentation. However, dynamic text presentation enables visually presented texts to indicate timing information, such as prosody, and the texts might influence the impression of reading. In this paper, we examined this possibility by focusing on the temporal features of digital text in which texts are represented sequentially and with varying speed, duration, and timing. We call (...) this “textual prosody.” We used three types of textual prosody: “Recorded,” “Shuffled,” and “Constant.” Recorded prosody is the reproduction of a reader’s reading with pauses and varying speed that simulates talking. Shuffled prosody randomly shuffles the time course of speed and pauses in the recorded type. Constant prosody has a constant presentation speed and provides no timing information. Experiment 1 examined the effect of textual prosody on people with normal hearing. Participants read dynamic text with textual prosody silently and rated their impressions of texts. The results showed that readers with normal hearing preferred recorded textual prosody and constant prosody at the optimum speed. Recorded prosody was also preferred at a low presentation speed. Experiment 2 examined the characteristics of textual prosody using an articulatory suppression paradigm. The results showed that some textual prosody was stored in the articulatory loop despite it being presented visually. In Experiment 3, we examined the effect of textual prosody with readers with hearing loss. The results demonstrated that readers with hearing loss had positive impressions at relatively low presentation speeds when the recorded prosody was presented. The results of this study indicate that the temporal structure is processed regardless of whether the input is visual or auditory. Moreover, these results suggest that textual prosody can enrich reading not only in people with normal hearing but also in those with hearing loss, regardless of acoustic experiences. (shrink)

Previous study suggests that gratitude intervention evokes indebtedness among people from an interdependent society. This study furtherly hypothesized that perceived social distance moderates the effect of gratitude intervention on felt indebtedness. A total of 275 adolescents were randomly assigned to three gratitude intervention conditions, namely, writing gratitude to significant others, the health of one’s own, or nothing. After completing the writing task, they rated their experienced emotions on ten dimensions, including gratitude and indebtedness. They also reported perceived social distance from (...) surrounding people and other demographical information. Results indicated that participants in the condition of writing about gratitude to significant others felt indebted regardless of perceived social distance, while those in the condition of writing about gratitude to his/her own health and those in the control condition experienced lesser indebtedness as the perceived social distance with others becomes closer. Gratitude increases as perceived social connectedness increases across all conditions. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed. (shrink)

這部朝鮮儒者對儒家傳統的解釋,是臺灣大學人文社會高等研究院與韓國首爾大學奎章閣韓國學研究院合作,二"E2978B""E2978B"七年十一月十五日於首爾與二"E2978B""E2978B"九年四月九日 於臺北舉辦之兩次國際研討會的論文集.全書論文環繞三個問題:第一是關於朝鮮儒學如何解釋的問題;第二是朝鮮儒學發展的脈絡性問題,其重點在於闡發"四端","七情","人心","道心","敬","靜"等中國儒 學的關鍵性概念,在與朝鮮社會,文化,政治脈絡以及思想風土相結合後,所創造出的新詮釋;第三是東亞儒學發展過程中,"自我"與"他者"互動的問題.

本书是作者近年来部份研究成果共十三篇论文集结而成,主要分析近三百年来具有代表性的日本儒者对中国儒家经典的诠释,探讨极具东方文化特色的中国思维传统。.

東亞儒學的核心理念在於「仁」學，是兩千多年來東亞知識分子魂繫夢牽、不可逃避的精神與實踐課題。 本書從東亞視野，論述儒家「仁」學的涵義，以及中、日、韓三國對於儒家「仁」學的解釋與發展。全書共計十一章，分作四部，第一部「理論基礎」，主要闡釋東亞儒學研究方法論問題、東亞儒者在「去脈絡化」和「再脈絡化 」辯證互動中，對「仁」學的新詮釋；第二部「儒家『仁』學的起點與內涵」，從修身理論的核心概念出發，探討東亞儒家「仁」學思想的主要內涵；第三部「仁政理論及其實踐問題」，是從政治實踐的角度，將「仁政」、「王 道」、「革命」等問題置於中國、日本、朝鮮的儒學思想進行詳細考察；最後「結論」，是以東亞儒學四個人文精神：身心一如、自他圓融、天人合一、古今交融，總結前三部之論述內容。.

本书所探讨是在东亚文化交流的历史脉络中, 儒家经典及其价值理念与日本及朝鲜之地域性特质的互动, 冲突或融合之问题, 尤其聚焦于儒家经典的阅读者之"自我"与"他者"之互动, 以及经典中的知识与东亚各国权力结构之互动.

如果孔孟生活在我們的時代， 他們對21世紀的重大問題與挑戰，會提出什麼看法？ 孔孟對變動劇烈恍如漩渦的21世紀， 特別是處於新冠病毒肆虐的現代人， 會以何種倡議，讓人的「自我」能夠安身立命， 在黯兮慘悴中仍能持守「不動心」的境界？ 孔孟思想是中華文化的主流思想，也是我們現代人從事各種思考，包括政治、社會、經濟、文化、個人生命等面向的重要文化資源。中國與亞洲的崛起，對世界局勢影響深遠，是本世紀最重要的劃時代事件之一，孔孟思想也重新 獲得世界各國知識界的重視。歐美學界都在爭取儒學的發言權，儼然已成為國際學術界的新趨勢。 《深叩孔孟》並不是傳統的、以背誦為主的經典研讀；而是從21世紀出發為思考，與孔孟進行心靈的對話，厚植我們在現世參與文明對話的本土思想資源。 本書是黃俊傑教授在臺灣大學講授「深叩孔孟」通識課程的講稿，一共分為十二講，每講均附閱讀作業、延伸閱讀、思考問題、關鍵詞、本講內容架構圖，方便讀者自學參考。.

We propose simple nonlinear mathematical models for the legal concept of balancing of interests. Our aim is to bridge the gap between an abstract formalisation of a balancing decision while assuring consistency and ultimately legal certainty across cases. We focus on the conflict between the rights to privacy and to the protection of personal data in Art. 7 and Art. 8 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (EUCh) against the right of access to information derived from Art. 11 EUCh. (...) These competing rights are denoted by ( \(i_1\) ) _right to privacy _ and ( \(i_2\) ) _access to information_; mathematically, their indices are respectively assigned by \(u_1\in [0,1]\) and \(u_2\in [0,1]\) subject to the constraint \(u_1+u_2=1\). This constraint allows us to use one single index _u_ to resolve the conflict through balancing. The outcome will be concluded by comparing the index _u_ with a prior given threshold \(u_0\). For simplicity, we assume that the balancing depends on only selected legal criteria such as the social status of affected person, and the sphere from which the information originated, which are represented as inputs of the models, called legal parameters. Additionally, we take “time” into consideration as a legal criterion, building on the European Court of Justice’s ruling on the right to be forgotten: by considering time as a legal parameter, we model how the outcome of the balancing changes over the passage of time. To catch the dependence of the outcome _u_ by these criteria as legal parameters, data were created by a fully-qualified lawyer. By comparison to other approaches based on machine learning, especially neural networks, this approach requires significantly less data. This might come at the price of higher abstraction and simplification, but also provides for higher transparency and explainability. Two mathematical models for _u_, a time-independent model and a time-dependent model, are proposed, that are fitted by using the data. (shrink)